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| 6214365541 | Agribusiness | Commercial agriculture chracterized by the integration of different steps in the food processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations. agriculture conducted on commercial principles, especially using advanced technology. |  | 0 |
| 6214365542 | Aquaculture | (Aquafarming) the cultivation of seafood under controlled conditions. the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, molluscs and aquatic plants. Aquaculture involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions, and can be contrasted with commercial fishing, which is the harvesting of wild fish. |  | 1 |
| 6214365543 | Commercial agriculture | Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm. Agriculture that involves the production of crops for sale, crops intended for widespread distribution to wholesalers or retail outlets and any non-food crops such as cotton and tobacco. Commercial agriculture includes livestock production and livestock grazing. |  | 2 |
| 6214365544 | Crop rotation | The practice of rotating use of different fields fro, crop to crop each year to avoid exhausting the soil a systematic approach to deciding which crop to plant where in your vegetable garden from one year to the next. The goals of crop rotation are to help manage soil fertility and also to help avoid or reduce problems with soilborne diseases and some soil-dwelling insects, such as corn rootworms. |  | 3 |
| 6214365545 | Desertification | Degradation of land, especially in semi arid areas, primarily bc of human actions such as excessive crop planting. a type of land degradation in which a relatively dry land region becomes increasingly arid, typically losing its bodies of water as well as vegetation and wildlife. It is caused by a variety of factors, such as climate change and human activities. |  | 4 |
| 6214365546 | First agricultural revolution | Also known as the Neolithic Revolution, is the transformation of human societies from hunting and gathering to farming. This transition occurred worldwide between 10,000 BC and 2000 BC, with the earliest known developments taking place in the Middle East. The wide-scale transition of many human cultures from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to one of agriculture and settlement, allowing the ability to support an increasingly large population. Achieved plant domestification and animal domestification. |  | 5 |
| 6214365547 | GMOs | (genetically modified organisms) Are living organisms whose genetic material has been artificially manipulated in a laboratory through genetic engineering, or GE. Example) a banana is genetically modified. Real bananas are smaller and have have much larger seeds. |  | 6 |
| 6214365548 | Green revolution | Rapid diffusion of new agricultural technology, especially new high yield seeds and fertilizers. Successful recent development of higher yield, faster growing varieties of rice & other cereals in certain developing countries (ie. Mexico, India, China, Vietnam, ...) that led to increased productivity and reduced the gap between growing population and food needs. |  | 7 |
| 6214365549 | Horticulture | The growing of fruits vegetables and flowers. The branch of agriculture that deals with the art, science, technology, and business of vegetable garden plant growing. |  | 8 |
| 6214365552 | Milkshed | The area surrounding a city from which milk is supplied. a region producing milk for a specific community like the St. Louis milkshed. |  | 9 |
| 6214365553 | Monoculture | The cultivation of a single crop in a given area. The agricultural practice of producing or growing a single crop, plant, or livestock species, variety, or breed in a field or farming system at a time. |  | 10 |
| 6214365554 | Paddy | The Malay word for wet rice, commonly but incorrectly used to describe a sawah, a flooded field used to grow rice. A field where rice is grown. |  | 11 |
| 6214365555 | Pastoral nomadism | The form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals. A form of pastoralism when livestock are herded in order to find fresh pastures on which to graze. Strictly speaking, true nomads follow an irregular pattern of movement, in contrast with transhumance where seasonal pastures are fixed. |  | 12 |
| 6214365556 | Plant domestication | The process of adapting wild plants for human use. Domestic species are raised for food, work, clothing, medicine, and many other uses. Domesticated plants must be raised and cared for by humans. Domesticated species are not wild. Genetic modification of a plant that its reproductive success depends on human intervention. |  | 13 |
| 6214365557 | Plantation agriculture | A form of commercial farming where crops are grown for profit. Large land areas are needed for this type of agriculture. Countries that have plantation agriculture usually experience high annual temperatures and receive high annual rainfall. Plantations are mainly found in countries that have a tropical climate. An important form of land-use in the tropics and in many countries the area under plantation crops has expanded rapidly in the past decades. For example, in Indonesia the area under oilpalm expanded from 133,000 in 1970 to almost 1.8 million ha by the mid-1990s. |  | 14 |
| 6214365563 | Second agricultural revolution | The 2 revolutions occurred from 1700 to 1900 in developed countries. They used technology provided by the Industrial Revolution to increase production and distribution of products. fields were now doubled or tripled in size but still the same amount of labor. this increased in productivity and allowed population to increase on both a local and a global scale. Benefiting from the Industrial Revolution, improved methods of cultivation, harvesting, and storage of farm produce |  | 15 |
| 6214365565 | Shifting cultivation | A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift away from one field to another; each field is used for crops for a relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period. moving of farm fields after several years in search of more productive soil after depleting the nutrients in the original field. |  | 16 |
| 6214365566 | Slash and burn | Another name for shifting cultivation, so named because fields are cleared by slashing the vegetation and burning the debris. cultivation of crops in tropical forest clearings in which the forest vegetation has been removed by cutting and burning. |  | 17 |
| 6214365567 | Subsistence agriculture | Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family. self sufficient agriculture that is small scale and low technology & emphasizes food production for local consumption, not trade |  | 18 |
| 6214365568 | Sustainable agruculture | Farming methods that preserve long term productivity of land and minimize pollution, typically by rotating soil-restoring crops with cash crops and reducing inputs of fertilizer and pesticides. the production of food, fiber, or other plant or animal products using farming techniques that protect the environment, public health, human communities, and animal welfare. |  | 19 |
| 6214365569 | Swidden | A patch of land cleared for planting through slashing and burning. a temporary agricultural plot formed by cutting back and burning off vegetative cover. |  | 20 |
| 6214365573 | Transhumance | The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures. the action or practice of moving livestock from one grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle, typically to lowlands in winter and highlands in summer. |  | 21 |
