Terms : Hide Images
| 295140076 | Amir | The ruler of a Muslim state or a person in high office, as in amir-al haji, "leader of the pilgrimage." It is also used to denote a male descendant of the Prophet Muhammad | 0 | |
| 295140077 | Apartheid | Policy in which the peoples of South Africa were divided in 4 racial groups, then forced into segregration under the control of a white racial group. | 1 | |
| 295140078 | Appelate | A court of law that has the power to review the decisions of a lower court. | 2 | |
| 295140079 | Apportionment | The basis on which voters are represented in their legislatures. Generally, votes are apportioned according to constituency boundries | 3 | |
| 295140080 | Autocracy | A form of government that is abslute and above the control of the law. Unlimited power is invested in oner person. | 4 | |
| 295140081 | Balance of Trade | The difference over a specified period of time between the value of the imports and exports of a country. | 5 | |
| 295140082 | Bilateralism | An agreement that affects reciprocally two groups, states or nations | 6 | |
| 295140083 | Bipartisan | Represents or is composed of members of two political groups holding views shared by both parties or members of both parties | 7 | |
| 295140084 | Capitalism | The economic process is entrusted to private initiative for private profit so the means of production- land mines and industry- are controlled by individuals or private corporations | 8 | |
| 295140085 | Centralization | The concentration of administrative authority under one central control | 9 | |
| 295140086 | City-State | A self governing city often allowing government through the assembled body of its citizens. Favored in Ancient Greek and medievl Europe. | 10 | |
| 295140087 | Coalition | An alliance or temporary union for joint action by various powers or states, or the union in a single governmentof distinct parties | 11 | |
| 295140088 | Cold War | The period between 1945-1989 of intense hostility between Western and Soviet blocs. Some things like the Space Race | 12 | |
| 295140089 | Collectivism | A belief that gives priority to the community and its rights over those of the individual, leading to a political theory that land and the means of production be owned by the community or central government for the benefit of the people as a whole. | 13 | |
| 295588021 | Common Law | The unwritten law of England based on ancient and universal usage, embodied in commentaries, precedent and reported cases. | 14 | |
| 295588022 | Commonwealth | A loose association or federation of autonomous states under a common allegiance, specifically an association of Britain and independent states that were its former colonies. | 15 | |
| 295588023 | Communism | A system that denies private ownership, claiming the right of the state to own, and to control through the equitable division of labor, all means of production, distributing and consumption. It was the ideology of the USSR. | 16 | |
| 295588024 | Constituency | A bodies of voters who elect a representative member of a public body; the electoral district in which the voters reside. | 17 | |
| 295588025 | Coup | Abbreviation of coup d'état, meaning a change of government through violent or illegal means, often by the military. | 18 | |
| 295588026 | Decentralization | To distribute administrative authority away from a central control point. | 19 | |
| 295588027 | Despotism | The absolute rule of a country, often associated with a tyrannical leader, or despot. | 20 | |
| 295588028 | Dictatorship | Government by an absolute ruler (dictator) who has seized power through unconstitutional means, or takes power in times of national emergency. | 21 | |
| 295588029 | Direct Elections | The votes of the people made without modification by other layers of officialdom or the intervention of any representative. | 22 | |
| 295588030 | Dynasty | A powerful group or family that maintains its position over successive generations. | 23 | |
| 295588031 | Fascism | A belligerent nationalist movement led by Mussolini in Italy in the early 20th century. Depending on rule by dictatorship, the nation was believed superior to others, war was glorified and power-politics ensured oppressive measures for "the benefit of the people." The term is now associated with any form of the right-wing, repressive nationalism. | 24 | |
| 295588032 | Federal | A form of government in which two or more states accept a political unity and shared responsibilities, while each state retains other levels of independent power and authority. The US has a federal form of government. | 25 | |
| 295588033 | Feudalism | A system, common in medieval Europe, Russia and parts of Asia in which the division and tenure of land into feuds or fiefs were made in exchange for military duties demanded by a monarch or superior ruler. Land owners were served, and their land was worked, by serfs with few rights to choose their employment, leave the feud or own land. Feudalism survived in Russia until 1918 and in Japan the system was finally abolished in 1871. | 26 | |
| 295588034 | Fillbuster | To practice obstruction or delaying tactics in a legislative assembly. | 27 | |
| 295588035 | First-Past-The-Post System/Winner takes all | An electoral system in which the candidate with a simple majority wins. | 28 | |
| 295588036 | Guerrilla | A combatant who is part of an irregular fighting unit, often participating in an irregular war aiming to achieve political objectives but sometimes formed to fight an invader with superior arms and regular forces. | 29 | |
| 295588037 | Hegemony | The leadership or predominance of one state over others, usually within a confederacy of states. | 30 | |
| 295588038 | Inauguration | Introduce into office with ceremony, as can be seen at the start of presidential term in the US. | 31 | |
| 295588039 | Isolationism | A national policy of withdrawal from foreign affairs, trade or imports. | 32 | |
| 295588040 | Junta | A political group or committee that takes political control, generally after a revolution or coup. | 33 | |
| 295588041 | Liberal | Describes one who is not narrow in opinion or judgment, and who challenges orthodox views. Politically, this translates into the belief that liberty and human rights are the responsibility of the state. | 34 | |
| 295588042 | Mandate | The authority given by the electorate to the party with the majority vote. Also, under the League of Nations, the act of entrusting the control and protection of one state or territory to another, so that before the WWII the territory of Palestine was under the mandate of Britain. | 35 | |
| 295588043 | Militarism | A high regard for military virtues, and a belief that military efficiency should be of paramount interest to the state. Carried to extremes, may regard military action as superior to diplomatic methods. | 36 | |
| 295588044 | Multilateralism | The participation of more than two groups in reaching mutually acceptable aims or cooperating in shared political actions. | 37 | |
| 295588045 | Nepotism | The habit of the governing class to favor its relatives with honor and to employ family members in preference to other candidates, even when these are better qualified. | 38 | |
| 295588046 | Oligarchy | A state, corporation, or place controlled by a small group, often a family, which uses its power for the purpose of self-advancement. | 39 | |
| 295588047 | Pluralism | society made up of diverse groups, each maintaining their own cultures under the governing umbrella of one civilization. | 40 | |
| 295588048 | Plutocracy | Government controlled by wealth or wealthy elite. | 41 | |
| 295588049 | Polity | A country or state in which the government is perceived as a civil, politically organized unit. | 42 | |
| 295588050 | Privatization | A policy in which the state reverts or transfers nationally owned services or the means of production and distribution to private or corporate ownership. | 43 | |
| 295588051 | Proletariat | The class of laboring wage earners who have no assets in property or capital. The ideas behind Marx's philosophy, collectivism, and communism, aimed to improve the condition of this class by eliminating those who did own land and money. | 44 | |
| 295588052 | Protectorate | A territory or country, generally inhabited by a vulnerable people that is seized by, or is placed under the protection of a superior power. Some colonies, such as the former Bechuanaland now Botswana, were designated as Protectorates under the British Empire. | 45 | |
| 295588053 | Proxy | The authority, usually written in a document giving an individual or official the freedom to act as a substitute for another person. May be used to vote, substitute for bride or groom in a marriage ceremony or to control financial affairs of another person. Historically, members of the British House of Lords were allowed to vote by proxy. | 46 | |
| 295588054 | Reapportionment | in the US, a change in the proportional distribution of eats in the legislative body, especially in the house of Representatives, on the basis of population, a system considered by the European Union during successive phases of its growth. | 47 | |
| 295588055 | Republic | A state in which government and supreme power rests with the people, their attitudes and needs expressed through their elected representatives. This does not allow for a hereditary ruler. | 48 | |
| 295588056 | Revolution | A fundamental change of government, brought about by those who live under that government. It is a sudden, complete and often violent overthrow of the established institutions to be replaced by a new ruler or form of government. | 49 | |
| 295588057 | Sanctions | An economic withdrawal and, sometimes military action undertaken to threaten and compel a nation to comply with widely accepted moral standards or international law. Trade and cultural sanctions helped to erode the apartheid system that once prevailed in S. Africa. | 50 | |
| 295588058 | Secession | The act of seceding or withdrawing formally from an alliance, a federation, a political or religious group. The attempted secession of 11 Southern States from the United States of America led to the American Civil War (1861-1865). | 51 | |
| 295588059 | Secular state | When the government and legal system is separated from control of the priests or the religious establishment. The state's values are based on systems and a morality not overtly drawn from religious examples. After the Revolution of 1789 France was declared a secular state, despite the deep, abiding faith of the populace and the power they believed resided in the Church. Communist states are also typically secular | 52 | |
| 295588060 | Socialism | A system that believed the state should own services and the means of productions and distribution, in order to ensure the welfare of the people. | 53 | |
| 295588061 | Suffrage | The right to vote in political elections | 54 | |
| 295588062 | Theocracy | The people or nation recognize God or a deity as their ruler and the kind as God's representative. | 55 | |
| 295588063 | Totalitarianism | A system that tolerates no rival loyalties or parties within the stale. Individuals are secondary to the needs of society, and all means of production and distribution are controlled by the state. | 56 | |
| 295588064 | Unilateralism | A decision or action taken by one member of a political association made up two or more states. The dissenting member acts alone and risks losing its place within the association. | 57 |
