AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

AP Human Geography Agriculture Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
6305250774AgribusinessSystem of food production involving everything from the development of the seeds to the marketing and sale of food products at the market.0
6305250775Cash CropsPlanting large amounts of profitable crops for mass production and sell.1
6305250776Commercial AgricultureAgriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm.2
6305250777Double CroppingPlanting and harvesting a crop on a field more than once a year.3
6305250778GMOsFoods that\have their genes altered in a laboratory for specific purposes, such as disease resistant, increased productivity, or nutrients value4
6305250779Intensive Subsistence FarmingA form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land.5
6305250780MonocultureDependence on a single agricultural commodity.6
6305250781MechanizationIn agriculture, the replacement of human labor with technology or machines.7
6305250783Primary EconomyAny economic activity pertaining to the collecting, harvesting, and obtaining of raw materials.8
6305250784Plantation AgricultureRaising a large amount of a 'cash crop' for local sale or export.9
6305250787TranshumanceMovement of animal herd to cooler highland areas in the summer to warmer lowland areas in the winter.10
6305250788Von Thunen ModelTheory that a commercial farmer wull decide which crops to grow and which livestock to raise depending on the proximity to market.11
6305250789Green RevolutionAn outgrowth of the 3rd agricultural revolution, this effort began in the 1940s and developed new strains of hybrid seeds and fertilizers that dramatically increased the crop output possible from each farm.12
6305250790Examples of Primary Economic ActivitiesRaising livestock Mining Quarrying Crude oil extraction Lumbering Wheat growing Cotton13
6305250791Examples of Secondary Economic ActivitiesMilk, Cheese Diamonds Petroleum Furniture Bread, Beer Textiles14
6305250792Examples of Tertiary Economic ActivitiesCorporation Doctors Attorneys Tourism Scientist15
6305250793NomadismDry Areas Same climate as livestock ranching(commercial farms in MDCs) Marginalized land16
6305250794Mixed livestock and grainRaise domesticated animals and growing feed17
6305250795Commercial Grain FarmingWheat belt Bread-basket US Corn belt18
6305250796Mediterranean AgricultureAn agricultural system practiced in the Mediterranean-style climates of Western Europe, California, and portions of Chile and Australia, in which diverse specialty crops such as grapes, avocados,19
6305250797Double croppingHarvesting twice in one year Employ crop rotation20
6305250799Truck FarmsFarm where farmers produce fruits for the market Use mechanization to produce large quantities of fruits and veggies21
6305250802Agrarianrelating to land; relating to the management or farming of land22
6305250803Agricultural IndustrializationThe use of machinery in agriculture, like tractors etc. - makes it easier for farmers to have higher crop yields.23
6305250804Agricultural LandscapeThe land that we farm on and what we choose to put were on our fields.24
6305250805Agricultural Location ModelAn attempt to explain the pattern of agricultural land use in terms of accessibility, costs, distance, and prices.25
6305250808BiotechnologyA form of technology that uses living organisms, usually genes, to modify products, to make or modify plants and animals, or to develop other microorganisms for specific purposes.26
6305250811Cultivation RegionsRegions were there is agricultural activity. Know these specifically! (ie. Southwestern US is cattle ranching, Mediterranean is crop trees).27
6305250812Dairy Farmsspecialized in dairy products, N. America, Europe, NOT Africa, South America, Asia28
6305250814DesertificationDegradation of land, especially in semiarid areas, primarily because of human actions like excessive crop planting, animal grazing, and tree cutting.29
6305250816Extensive Commercial AgricultureA crop or livestock system in which land quality or extent is more important than capital or labor inputs in determining output30
6305250819Feedlota plot of land on which livestock are fattened for market31
6305250821Food DesertAn area in a developed country where healthy food is difficult to obtain32
6305250822Food ManufacturingThe processes that are used to convert raw materials into finished food products33
6305250824Growing SeasonThe season in which crops grow best. Growing season can vary by location, societies rely on their growing season to which crops they can or can't grow at their latitude.34
6305250825Hunting and Gatheringthe killing of wild animals and fish as well as the gathering of fruits, roots, nuts, and other plants for sustenance35
6305250826Intensive Commercial AgricultureIntensive farming in a commercial economy, crops have high yields and market value36
6305250827Livestock Ranchingan extensive commercial agricultural activity that involves the raising of livestock over vast geographic spaces typically located in semi-arid climates like the American West37
6305250828Long-Lot Survey SystemA distinct regional approach to land surveying whereby land is divided into narrow parcels stretching back from rivers, roads, or canals38
6305250829Luxury CropsNon-subsistence crops such as tea, cacao, coffee, and tobacco39
6305250830Metes and Bounds Systema system of land surveying east of the Appalachian Mountains. The system relies on descriptions of land ownership and natural features such as streams or trees.40
6305250831PastoralismA type of agricultural activity based on nomadic animal husbandry or the raising of livestock to provide food, clothing, and shelter.41
6305250833Organic AgricultureApproach to farming and ranching that avoids the use of herbicides, pesticides, growth hormones, and other similar synthetic inputs.42
6305250834PesticidesChemicals used on plants that do not harm the plants, but kill pests and have negative repercussions on other species who ingest the chemicals.43
6305250835Planned Economya system of production of goods and services, usually consumed or distributed by a governmental agency, in quantities, at prices, and in locations determined by governmental program44
6305250836Plant Domesticationgenetic modification of a plant such that its reproductive success depends on human intervention45
6305250837Primogenitureright of inheritance belongs exclusively to the eldest son right of inheritance belongs exclusively to the eldest son46
6305250838Quaternary Economic Activitiesservice sector industries concerned with the collection, processing, and manipulation of information and capital. Examples include finance, administration, insurance, and legal services.47
6305250839Quinary Economic Activitiesservice sector industries that require a high level of specialized knowledge or technical skill. Examples include scientific research and high-level management.48
6305250840Rectangular Survey SystemA system used to divide public domain lands in the United States in which land is divided into 6-mile square townships and subdivided into sections, portions of sections, or irregular lots.49
6305250841Root Cropscrop that is reproduced by cultivating the roots of or the cuttings from the plants50
6305250842Carl SauerDefined the concept of cultural landscape as the fundamental unit of geographical analysis.51
63052508432nd Agriculture RevolutionInnovations led to agricultural surpluses, food surpluses, let people move from farms to factories, growth of cities increased.52
6305250844Secondary Economic Activityeconomic activity involving the processing of raw materials and their transformation into finished industrial products; the manufacturing sector53
6305250845Seed Cropscrop that is reproduced by cultivating the seeds of the plants. crop that is reproduced by cultivating the seeds of the plants.54
6305250846SpecializationThe concentration of the productive efforts of individuals and firms on a limited number of activities55
6305250847Slash and Burn Agriculturea farming technique in which trees are cut down and burned to clear and fertilize the land56
6305250849Tertiary Economic Activityeconomic activity associated with the provision of services--such transportation, banking, retailing, education, and routine office-based jobs.57
6305250850Township and Range SystemA rectangular land division scheme designed by Thomas Jefferson to disperse settlers evenly across farmlands of the U.S. interior.58
6305250851Third Agriculture Revolution'green revolution' rapid diffusion of new ag techniques between 1970's and 1980's, especially new high-yield seeds and fertilizers59
6305250853Soil Erosionthe wearing away and removal of rock and soil particles from exposed surfaces by agents such as moving water, wind, or ice60

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!