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AP Human Geography Chapter 1 Flashcards

Information from
Human Geography: People, Place, and Culture
by Erin H. Fouberg, Alexander B. Murphy, and H.J Blij

http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-EHEP002089.html

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2903267005THESE SETS ARE GENERALLY NOT REVISED SO GRAMMAR/SPELLING MISTAKES MAY BE CONSTANT AND NOT ALL INFORMATION IS GUARANTEED 100% ACCURATE0
1622290263What percent of the world is malnourished?1 out of 7 (about 1 billion)1
1622290264What makes up the majority of the 1/7th?Women and Children2
1622290272What region is mostly malnourished?Sub-Saharan Africa http://www.transportintelligence.com/market-reports/report-sub-saharan-africa-logistics-2012/296/3
1622290265Why do wealthier countries benefit more when it comes to malnourishment?They can afford to buy more food than the poorer countries4
1622494841Does having a large amount of arable land mean you have the least amount of malnourished people?No, because most countries with high amounts of arable land export their goods to other countries for profit5
1622566566What is geographic fieldwork?When geographers physically go to places to see what people are doing, observe people's reactions, and develop maps to help observe where they are.6
1622577788What are human geographers?People that study other people and places7
1622577789What is Human Geography?1. How people make places 2. How we organize space and society 3. How we interact with each other 4. How we understand ourselves and others in localities, regions, and the world8
1622577790How has technology advanced communication and transportation?People can now travel places faster than ever before9
1622682262What is the goal of human geography?To understand and explain the diversity of people and places (Spatial Distribution)10
1622682263What is Globalization?Processes that increase interactions, deepen relationships, and accelerate interdependence across borders11
1622682264What do discussions of globalization usually compare it to?A blanket12
1622682265Why do geographers use a "scale"?To compare individual, local, regional, national, and global interrelationships, because events have different effects in each scale.13
1622682266Where do globalizing processes happen?All Scales14
1622682268What do processes at the individual, local, regional, and national scales do?Change human geography and shape globalization15
1624747558What is Physical Geography?A part of geography that studies the structure, process, and location, of the natural environment16
1624747559What is Spatial?The arrangement of places and phenomena (They're lay out, organization, and how arrangements appear on Earth's landscape)17
1624747560What is Spatial Distribution?How things are distributed across space18
1624747561What are Patterns?Relationships between places and things19
1624747562What is Medical Geography?Mapping the distribution of a disease20
1624747563What is Cholera?A disease that causes fatal diarrhea and dehydration21
1624747564When did it start?181622
1624747565Where did it start?India23
1624747569How did Dr. Snow solve Cholera in the Soho district of England?He mapped out the street pumps, and noticed that most people affected were around the Broad Street pump. He asked the officials to turn off the pump, and the disease was practically gone24
1624747571How do you receive Cholera?By eating food, or drinking water with contaminated bacteria25
1624747576How are you now advised to fight Cholera?1. Clean/Boil water 2. Use salts 3. Take antibiotics26
1624747579What is Spatial Perspective?Observing variations of geography across space27
1624747580When did the National Geographic Society introduce the five themes?198628
1624747581What is location?The geographical position of people and things and how it affects what happens and why things happen29
1624747582What is location theory?An attempt to explain the locational pattern of economic activity and how it interrelates with other economies30
1624747585What is Human-Environment Interaction?The relationship between humans and the physical world31
1624781906What are Regions?Areas that have similar features32
1624781907What is a Place?Anywhere that has a unique physical and/or human characteristic33
1624781908What is sense of a place?Having a special meaning or emotion, remembering important events, or adding a certain character to a place (Homy)34
1624781909What are perceptions of places?An idea that we set for a place to be like because of a book, movie, etc. (What OTHERS create our mind to perceive)35
1624781910What is movement?The mobility of people, goods, and ideas across the world36
1624781911What is Spatial Interaction?The interaction between distances, accessibility, and connectivity37
1624781912What are distances?The measured physical space between two places38
1624781913What is accessibility?How easy it is to reach one place to another39
1624781914What is connectivity?The amount of linkage between locations in a network40
1624816363What are the five themes?1. Location 2. Human-Environment 3. Region 4. Place 5. Movement41
1624816364What is landscape?Material character, natural features, human structures, and tangible uniqueness of a place42
1624816365What is Cultural Landscape?The human activity on a landscape43
1624816366Where is cultural landscape found?Everywhere44
1624816367What is sequence occupance?When the cultural technologies and traditions on a landscape pass down or influence the culture that arrives there45
1624816369How does cultural landscape present different cultures?It allows us to see many different values, customs, practices, etc.46
1624816370When do the biggest changes happen to a cultural landscape?Generally after a catastrophe such as a war, invention, depression, etc.47
1624911642What is cartography?Making and creating maps48
1624911644What are reference maps?They show locations and geographic features Ex. Map of United States49
1624911645What are thematic maps?They show stories or events Ex. Map of African American Population50
1624911646What are absolute locations?Precise plotting usually by using latitude and longitude lines51
1624911647What is the Global Positioning System (GPS)?A satellite based locater that allows us to find absolute locations easier52
1624911648What is geocoaching?People that travel with their GPS to find treasures53
1624911649What is Relative location?Describes a place in relation to another feature54
1624911650Is absolute or relative location used more in everyday life?Relative location55
1624911651What differs between absolute and relative location?1. Absolute is precise while relative doesn't have to be 2. Relative can change while absolute usually doesn't56
1624911652What are mental maps?Maps we create in our minds of places we have been or hope to go57
1624911653What are activity spaces?Places were we conduct everyday activities which allows us to have a better mental map58
1624911654What historically differs past mental maps to present mental maps?Nomadic people tended to use mental maps for food and shelter, while we use it to navigate in cities59
1624911655How do mental maps differ between men and women?Women tend to use landmarks, and men tend to use paths60
1624911656What is Terra Incognita?Unknown and unreachable lands61
1624911658What is remote sensing?Conducting research on earth's environment from far away62
1624911659What is great about remote sensing?It comes almost simultaneously63
1624911660What makes Google Earth great?We can see the physical and human features of countries that prohibit foreign access and foreign aid.64
1624911662What are Geographic Information Systems (GIS)?Systems that are used to compare spatial data and analyze data by; digital representations of the environment, combining layers of spatial data, and creating maps with clear patterns and processes65
1624911665How did Kolivras use GIS?He reviewed Dr. Snow's work and then used the new technology to discover that Dengue fever could potentially arrive in Hawaii66
1624911666What is Geographic Information Science (GISci)?Studying the development and geospatial concerns to examine patterns and processes67
1625159825What are the two meanings for scale?1. Distance on map compared to distance on Earth 2. Spatial extent of something68
1625159826What are the benefits of studying with scales?We can see how phenomenons affect a larger scale, and then how they affect all the smaller scales, or vice versa69
1625159830What does it mean to rescale?It means you change your scale when reviewing a subject Ex. change from national scale to regional scale70
1625159831What is jump scaling?When you go from a smaller scale and jump to the global scale71
1625159833What is the criteria for a region?1. Formal (Physical or Cultural) 2. Functional 3. Perceptual72
1625159834What is a formal region?A region that has one of the criteria similar to another region73
1625159835What is a functional region?A region where unique activities or interactions are held between all the people Ex. Chicago and surrounding suburbs74
1625159836What do functional regions have in common?Either: 1. Politics 2. Economics 3. Sociality75
1625159837What are perceptual regions?A region that is developed by a person's perceptions (YOU make the perception)76
1625215664Why are regions useful?They are a form of spatial classification where we can take large amounts of information and simplify it to make it comprehensible77
1625215665What is culture?A way of life that has unique values, beliefs, and physical traits78
1625215668What is a culture trait?A single attribute to a culture Ex. Turbans79
1625215674What is a culture complex?When a certain idea or trait is used by many cultures but for different reasons80
1625215676What is a cultural hearth?Where cultural traits form and then diffuse81
1625215677What is an independent invention?When a cultural hearth is developed somewhere without influence from the main hearth82
1625226434What is cultural diffusion?When ideas, people, or goods move across a space83
1625226435What is Time-Distance Decay?When a combination of time and distance from hearth causes an idea or innovation to lose popularity84
1625226436What are Cultural Barriers?Innovations, ideas, or practices that the general population doesn't accept a characteristic for their culture85
1625743497What is Expansion Diffusion?When an idea or invention that starts in hearth remains strong as it spreads to other places86
1625743498What are the two broad categories of diffusion?Expansion Diffusion and Relocation Diffusion87
1625743499What is Contagious Diffusion?When almost all of the areas near the innovation or idea are affected88
1625743500What is a good example of contagious diffusion?Silly Bandz89
1627379863What is hierarchical diffusion?When an idea or invention diffuses by going to a primary group, then a secondary group, etc.90
1627379864What is stimulus diffusion?When a cultural trait is diffused, but first has to have adapt91
1627379865What is relocation diffusion?When people take an idea or invention and physically brings it somewhere else92
1627379866What are geographic concepts?Ways of seeing the world, that are used by geographers to answer questions (location, places, diffusion, etc.)93
1627379867How does a geographer do geographic research?1. Thinks of a question with a spatial or landscape component 2. Chooses the scales of analysis 3. Applies 1 or more geographic concepts94
1627379868What tools do geographers use?Fieldwork, remote sensing, GIS, GPS, and qualitative techniques95
1627379870What is environmental determinism?Human behavior is strongly affected and/or determined by the physical environment96
1627379872What is possibilism?It states that cultural development is dependent on human decisions, not the environment97
1627379873What is cultural ecology?The study of how culture adapts and alters the environment98
1627379874What is political ecology?The study of how environmental issues are caused by political and economic statuses99
1627379875What is human geography like today?1. Making sense of spatial organization of humans on Earth's surface 2. Discovering the character of places and regions created by people 3. Relationships between humans and the physical environment100
1627379876What are the sub disciplines?1. Political Geography 2. Economic Geography 3. Urban Geography 4. Population Geography 5. Cultural Geography101
1627379877What does cultural geography entail?Traits like religion, language, and ethnicity102
1627428594What is the market for the world called?The Global Market or The Global System103
1627428595What are Core states?States that are highly developed104
1627428596What are characteristics of Core states?1. Strong political and economical power 2. High Literacy Rate 3. CBR is medium to low 4. Median death rates 5. Modern infrastructure 6. Good sanitation105
1627428597What are Peripheral states?States that are underdeveloped106
1627428598What are characteristics of peripheral states?1. Weak economical and political power 2. Low life expectancy 3. Low literacy (especially females), Varies in men 4. High CBR 5. High CDR107
1627428599What are Semi-Peripheral states?States that are in the middle ground, meaning they share characteristics of both108
1627428600What is outsourcing?A business that relocates within a country109
1627428601What is offshoring?Moving a business to another country110
1627428602What is a synonym for a country?A state111
1627428603Is a state a nation?No112
1627428604What are examples of core areas?North America, Europe, Australia, South Korea, Japan, Greenland, and Russia (very low)113
1627428605What are examples of semi-peripheral areas?South America, Central America, South Africa, Saharan Africa, Middle East114
1627428606What are examples of peripheral areas?Southeast Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa,115
1646428636What are the most common type of thematic maps?Census Maps116
1646428637What is the main difference between expansion diffusion and relocation diffusion?Expansion = Ideas, Innovations, etc, Relocation = PEOPLE117
1646428638What is the best example for sequence occupance?Israel118
1646428639What is the difference between perceptual region, and perception of place?Perceptual Region is what YOU perceive a specific place to be Perception of Place is what OTHERS (Social Media, Friends, etc.) lead you to perceive a region to be119
1646428640If the larger the geographic area then....The smaller the scale120
1646428641If the smaller the geographic area then...The larger the scale121
1646428642What does Hierarchal Diffusion depend on?Your interconnectedness122
1646428643What is the best example?Fashion: Hearth- Fashion show in Milan 1st- Will go to NYC, Paris, London 2nd- High end Boutiques/Stores, LA, Miami, Monaco 3rd- Target, Walmart,123
1646428644What is a good example of Relocation Diffusion?Chinatown in NYC or San Francisco124
1646428645What can Relocation Diffusion be compared to?Migration / Immigration / Emigration125
1646428646What is the Global-Local Continuum?What happens at the global scale directly affects what happens at the local scale, or vice versa126

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