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AP Human Geography: Language Flashcards

Language

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11880380281DialectA particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group.0
11880380282Extinct LanguageAn extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use.1
11880380283IdeogramA written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it. An Example: 6 (six)2
11880380284IsoglossA geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.3
11880380285Isolated Languagea natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language.4
11880380286Language BranchA Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance "-------" of the Indo-European language family.5
11880380287LanguageThe method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.6
11880380288Language GroupA Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.7
11880380289Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history8
11880380290Indo European language familyLargest language family that includes English and most other languages in the Western Hemisphere. Also used in South and Southwest Asia.9
11880380291Sino-Tibetan Language Family2nd largest language family. Includes Madarin, Thai, Cantonese and Burmese10
11880380292Lingua FrancaA Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages11
11880380293Literary TraditionA Language that is written as well as spoken12
11880380294MonolingualThe condition of being able to speak only a single language13
11880380295BilingualThe ability to speak two languages14
11880380296MultilingualThe ability to speak multiple languages15
11880380297Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.16
11880380298Pidgin LanguageA Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.17
11880380299Standard LanguageThe form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.18
11880380300Trade LanguageA language, especially a pidgin, used by speakers of different native languages for communication in commercial trade.19
11880380301VernacularUsing a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language. It is usually the language of the common people.20
11880380302Creolea mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage21
11880380303DenglishThe term is used in all German-speaking countries to refer to the increasingly strong influx of macaronic (slang) English or pseudo-English vocabulary into German.22
11880380304Franglaisa form of French using many words and idioms borrowed from English.23
11880380305EbonicsAmerican black English regarded as a language in its own right rather than as a dialect of standard English24
11880380306Spanglisha hybrid language combining words and idioms from both Spanish and English, especially Spanish speech that uses many English words and expressions.25
11880380307Institutional LanguageProfessional language (not slang)26
11880380308Developing LanguageLanguage used daily for face-to-face communication, includes a standard written expression, but not used by people all the time27
11880380309Vigorous LanguageLanguage used daily by all ages but doesn't include a written expression28
11880380310SubdialectBroken down version of dialects, usually very close to each other but may differ in pronunciation of local words.29
11880380311Received Pronunciationthe standard form of British English pronunciation, based on educated speech in southern England.30
11880380312Vulgar LatinInformal Latin spoken by common folk (farmers, soldiers, etc.) in classical times31

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