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AP Human Geography: Language Flashcards

Language

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6696752216AccentA distinctive mode of pronunciation of a language, especially one associated with a particular nation, locality, or social class.0
6696752217DialectA particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group.1
6696752219Extinct LanguageAn extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use.2
6696752221IsoglossA geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.3
6696752222Isolated Languagea natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language.4
6696752223Language BranchA Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance "-------" of the Indo-European language family.5
6696752225Language GroupA Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.6
6696752226Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history7
6696752227Indo European language familyLargest language family that includes English and most other languages in the Western Hemisphere. Also used in South and Southwest Asia.8
6696752228Sino-Tibetan Language Family2nd largest language family. Includes Madarin, Thai, Cantonese and Burmese9
6696752229Lingua FrancaA Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages10
6696752231MonolingualThe condition of being able to speak only a single language11
6696752233MultilingualThe ability to speak multiple languages12
6696752234Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.13
6696752236Pidgin LanguageA Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.14
6696752237Standard LanguageThe form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.15
6696752238Toponyma place name or a word derived from the name of a place16
6696752240VernacularUsing a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language. It is usually the language of the common people.17
6696752241Creolea mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage18
6696752242DenglishThe term is used in all German-speaking countries to refer to the increasingly strong influx of macaronic (slang) English or pseudo-English vocabulary into German.19
6696752243Franglaisa form of French using many words and idioms borrowed from English.20
6696752244EbonicsAmerican black English regarded as a language in its own right rather than as a dialect of standard English21
6696752245Spanglisha hybrid language combining words and idioms from both Spanish and English, especially Spanish speech that uses many English words and expressions.22

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