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AP Human Geography: Language Flashcards

Language

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6805262116DialectA particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group.0
6805262117Extinct LanguageAn extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use.1
6805262118IdeogramA written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it. An Example: 6 (six)2
6805262119IsoglossA geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.3
6805262120Isolated Languagea natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language.4
6805262121Language BranchA Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance "-------" of the Indo-European language family.5
6805262122LanguageThe method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.6
6805262123Language GroupA Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.7
6805262124Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history8
6805262125Indo European language familyLargest language family that includes English and most other languages in the Western Hemisphere. Also used in South and Southwest Asia.9
6805262126Sino-Tibetan Language Family2nd largest language family. Includes Madarin, Thai, Cantonese and Burmese10
6805262127Lingua FrancaA Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages11
6805262128Literary TraditionA Language that is written as well as spoken12
6805262129MonolingualThe condition of being able to speak only a single language13
6805262130BilingualThe ability to speak two languages14
6805262131MultilingualThe ability to speak multiple languages15
6805262132Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.16
6805262133Pidgin LanguageA Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.17
6805262134Standard LanguageThe form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.18
6805262135Trade LanguageA language, especially a pidgin, used by speakers of different native languages for communication in commercial trade.19
6805262136VernacularUsing a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language. It is usually the language of the common people.20
6805262137Creolea mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage21
6805262138DenglishThe term is used in all German-speaking countries to refer to the increasingly strong influx of macaronic (slang) English or pseudo-English vocabulary into German.22
6805262139Franglaisa form of French using many words and idioms borrowed from English.23
6805262140EbonicsAmerican black English regarded as a language in its own right rather than as a dialect of standard English24
6805262141Spanglisha hybrid language combining words and idioms from both Spanish and English, especially Spanish speech that uses many English words and expressions.25
6805262142Institutional LanguageProfessional language (not slang)26
6805262143Developing LanguageLanguage used daily for face-to-face communication, includes a standard written expression, but not used by people all the time27
6805262144Vigorous LanguageLanguage used daily by all ages but doesn't include a written expression28
6805262145SubdialectBroken down version of dialects, usually very close to each other but may differ in pronunciation of local words.29
6805262146Received Pronunciationthe standard form of British English pronunciation, based on educated speech in southern England.30
6805262147Vulgar LatinInformal Latin spoken by common folk (farmers, soldiers, etc.) in classical times31

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