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AP Human Geography: Language Flashcards

Language

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7962370878DialectA particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group.0
7962370879Extinct LanguageAn extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use.1
7962370880IdeogramA written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it. An Example: 6 (six)2
7962370881IsoglossA geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.3
7962370882Isolated Languagea natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language.4
7962370883Language BranchA Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance "-------" of the Indo-European language family.5
7962370884LanguageThe method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.6
7962370885Language GroupA Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.7
7962370886Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history8
7962370887Indo European language familyLargest language family that includes English and most other languages in the Western Hemisphere. Also used in South and Southwest Asia.9
7962370888Sino-Tibetan Language Family2nd largest language family. Includes Madarin, Thai, Cantonese and Burmese10
7962370889Lingua FrancaA Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages11
7962370890Literary TraditionA Language that is written as well as spoken12
7962370891MonolingualThe condition of being able to speak only a single language13
7962370892BilingualThe ability to speak two languages14
7962370893MultilingualThe ability to speak multiple languages15
7962370894Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.16
7962370895Pidgin LanguageA Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.17
7962370896Standard LanguageThe form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.18
7962370897Trade LanguageA language, especially a pidgin, used by speakers of different native languages for communication in commercial trade.19
7962370898VernacularUsing a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language. It is usually the language of the common people.20
7962370899Creolea mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage21
7962370900DenglishThe term is used in all German-speaking countries to refer to the increasingly strong influx of macaronic (slang) English or pseudo-English vocabulary into German.22
7962370901Franglaisa form of French using many words and idioms borrowed from English.23
7962370902EbonicsAmerican black English regarded as a language in its own right rather than as a dialect of standard English24
7962370903Spanglisha hybrid language combining words and idioms from both Spanish and English, especially Spanish speech that uses many English words and expressions.25
7962370904Institutional LanguageProfessional language (not slang)26
7962370905Developing LanguageLanguage used daily for face-to-face communication, includes a standard written expression, but not used by people all the time27
7962370906Vigorous LanguageLanguage used daily by all ages but doesn't include a written expression28
7962370907SubdialectBroken down version of dialects, usually very close to each other but may differ in pronunciation of local words.29
7962370908Received Pronunciationthe standard form of British English pronunciation, based on educated speech in southern England.30
7962370909Vulgar LatinInformal Latin spoken by common folk (farmers, soldiers, etc.) in classical times31

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