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AP Human Geography: Language Flashcards

Language

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9884994255DialectA particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group.0
9884994256Extinct LanguageAn extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use.1
9884994257IdeogramA written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it. An Example: 6 (six)2
9884994258IsoglossA geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.3
9884994259Isolated Languagea natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language.4
9884994260Language BranchA Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance "-------" of the Indo-European language family.5
9884994261LanguageThe method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.6
9884994262Language GroupA Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.7
9884994263Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history8
9884994264Indo European language familyLargest language family that includes English and most other languages in the Western Hemisphere. Also used in South and Southwest Asia.9
9884994265Sino-Tibetan Language Family2nd largest language family. Includes Madarin, Thai, Cantonese and Burmese10
9884994266Lingua FrancaA Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages11
9884994267Literary TraditionA Language that is written as well as spoken12
9884994268MonolingualThe condition of being able to speak only a single language13
9884994269BilingualThe ability to speak two languages14
9884994270MultilingualThe ability to speak multiple languages15
9884994271Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.16
9884994272Pidgin LanguageA Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.17
9884994273Standard LanguageThe form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.18
9884994274Trade LanguageA language, especially a pidgin, used by speakers of different native languages for communication in commercial trade.19
9884994275VernacularUsing a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language. It is usually the language of the common people.20
9884994276Creolea mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage21
9884994277DenglishThe term is used in all German-speaking countries to refer to the increasingly strong influx of macaronic (slang) English or pseudo-English vocabulary into German.22
9884994278Franglaisa form of French using many words and idioms borrowed from English.23
9884994279EbonicsAmerican black English regarded as a language in its own right rather than as a dialect of standard English24
9884994280Spanglisha hybrid language combining words and idioms from both Spanish and English, especially Spanish speech that uses many English words and expressions.25
9884994281Institutional LanguageProfessional language (not slang)26
9884994282Vulgar LatinInformal Latin spoken by common folk (farmers, soldiers, etc.) in classical times27

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