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AP Human Geography: Language Flashcards

Language

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5775883718AccentA distinctive mode of pronunciation of a language, especially one associated with a particular nation, locality, or social class.0
5775883719DialectA particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group.1
5775883720EsperantoAn artificial language devised in 1887 as an international medium of communication, based on roots from the chief European languages.2
5775883721Extinct LanguageAn extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use.3
5775883722IdeogramA written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it. An Example: 6 (six)4
5775883723IsoglossA geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.5
5775883724Isolated Languagea natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language.6
5775883725Language BranchA Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance "-------" of the Indo-European language family.7
5775883726LanguageThe method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.8
5775883727Language GroupA Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.9
5775883728Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history10
5775883729Indo European language familyLargest language family that includes English and most other languages in the Western Hemisphere. Also used in South and Southwest Asia.11
5775883730Sino-Tibetan Language Family2nd largest language family. Includes Madarin, Thai, Cantonese and Burmese12
5775883731Lingua FrancaA Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages13
5775883732Literary TraditionA Language that is written as well as spoken14
5775883733MonolingualThe condition of being able to speak only a single language15
5775883734BilingualThe ability to speak two languages16
5775883735MultilingualThe ability to speak multiple languages17
5775883736Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.18
5775883737OrthographyThe conventional spelling system of a language.19
5775883738Pidgin LanguageA Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.20
5775883739Standard LanguageThe form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.21
5775883740Toponyma place name or a word derived from the name of a place22
5775883741Trade LanguageA language, especially a pidgin, used by speakers of different native languages for communication in commercial trade.23
5775883742VernacularUsing a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language. It is usually the language of the common people.24
5775883743Creolea mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage25
5775883744DenglishThe term is used in all German-speaking countries to refer to the increasingly strong influx of macaronic (slang) English or pseudo-English vocabulary into German.26
5775883745Franglaisa form of French using many words and idioms borrowed from English.27
5775883746EbonicsAmerican black English regarded as a language in its own right rather than as a dialect of standard English28
5775883747Spanglisha hybrid language combining words and idioms from both Spanish and English, especially Spanish speech that uses many English words and expressions.29

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