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AP Human Geography: Language Flashcards

Language

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9673551429DialectA particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group.0
9673551430Extinct LanguageAn extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use.1
9673551432IsoglossA geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.2
9673551433Isolated Languagea natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language.3
9673551434Language BranchA Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance "-------" of the Indo-European language family.4
9673551435LanguageThe method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.5
9673551436Language GroupA Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.6
9673551437Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history7
9673551438Indo European language familyLargest language family that includes English and most other languages in the Western Hemisphere. Also used in South and Southwest Asia.8
9673551439Sino-Tibetan Language Family2nd largest language family. Includes Madarin, Thai, Cantonese and Burmese9
9673551440Lingua FrancaA Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages10
9673551442Monolingual StateCountry in which only one language is spoken11
9673551444Multilingual StateCountry in which multiple languages are spoken12
9673551445Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.13
9673551446Pidgin LanguageA Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.14
9673551447Standard LanguageThe form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.15
9673551450Creolea mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage16
9673617926Language Tree19 language families. Each family has its own branches. Each branch has its own groups. Each group has its own language. Each language has its own dialects.17
9673638864Germanic LanguageLanguage that is spoken by people in parts of western European and northern Europe that belongs to one of two groups, West or North Germanic of the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family18
9673667913Romance LanguageLanguages derives from latin that include Italian, Spanish, French, and Romanian19
9673676556Language DiversionOccurs when new languages or dialects grow from the original source bc of migration of original speakers to new lands or contact with new languages20
9673693194PolyglotPerson that speaks many languages21

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