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AP Human Geography: Language Flashcards

Language

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9719125527DialectA particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group.0
9719125528Extinct LanguageAn extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use.1
9719125529IdeogramA written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it. An Example: 6 (six)2
9719125530IsoglossA geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.3
9719125531Isolated Languagea natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language.4
9719125532Language BranchA Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance "-------" of the Indo-European language family.5
9719125533LanguageThe method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.6
9719125534Language GroupA Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.7
9719125535Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history8
9719125536Indo European language familyLargest language family that includes English and most other languages in the Western Hemisphere. Also used in South and Southwest Asia.9
9719125537Sino-Tibetan Language Family2nd largest language family. Includes Madarin, Thai, Cantonese and Burmese10
9719125538Lingua FrancaA Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages11
9719125539Literary TraditionA Language that is written as well as spoken12
9719125540MonolingualThe condition of being able to speak only a single language13
9719125541BilingualThe ability to speak two languages14
9719125542MultilingualThe ability to speak multiple languages15
9719125543Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.16
9719125544Pidgin LanguageA Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.17
9719125545Standard LanguageThe form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.18
9719125546Trade LanguageA language, especially a pidgin, used by speakers of different native languages for communication in commercial trade.19
9719125547VernacularUsing a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language. It is usually the language of the common people.20
9719125549Creolea mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage21
9719125550DenglishThe term is used in all German-speaking countries to refer to the increasingly strong influx of macaronic (slang) English or pseudo-English vocabulary into German.22
9719125551Franglaisa form of French using many words and idioms borrowed from English.23
9719125552EbonicsAmerican black English regarded as a language in its own right rather than as a dialect of standard English24
9719125553Spanglisha hybrid language combining words and idioms from both Spanish and English, especially Spanish speech that uses many English words and expressions.25
9719125554Institutional LanguageProfessional language (not slang)26
9719125555Developing LanguageLanguage used daily for face-to-face communication, includes a standard written expression, but not used by people all the time27
9719125556Vigorous LanguageLanguage used daily by all ages but doesn't include a written expression28
9719125557SubdialectBroken down version of dialects, usually very close to each other but may differ in pronunciation of local words.29
9719125558Received Pronunciationthe standard form of British English pronunciation, based on educated speech in southern England.30
9719125559Vulgar LatinInformal Latin spoken by common folk (farmers, soldiers, etc.) in classical times31

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