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AP Human Geography: Language Flashcards

Language

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8253100951DialectA particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group.0
8253100952Extinct LanguageAn extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use.1
8253100953IdeogramA written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it. An Example: 6 (six)2
8253100954IsoglossA geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.3
8253100955Isolated Languagea natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language.4
8253100956Language BranchA Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance "-------" of the Indo-European language family.5
8253100957LanguageThe method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.6
8253100958Language GroupA Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.7
8253100959Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history8
8253100960Indo European language familyLargest language family that includes English and most other languages in the Western Hemisphere. Also used in South and Southwest Asia.9
8253100961Sino-Tibetan Language Family2nd largest language family. Includes Madarin, Thai, Cantonese and Burmese10
8253100962Lingua FrancaA Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages11
8253100963Literary TraditionA Language that is written as well as spoken12
8253100964MonolingualThe condition of being able to speak only a single language13
8253100965BilingualThe ability to speak two languages14
8253100966MultilingualThe ability to speak multiple languages15
8253100967Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.16
8253100968Pidgin LanguageA Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.17
8253100969Standard LanguageThe form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.18
8253100970Trade LanguageA language, especially a pidgin, used by speakers of different native languages for communication in commercial trade.19
8253100971VernacularUsing a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language. It is usually the language of the common people.20
8253100972Creolea mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage21
8253100973DenglishThe term is used in all German-speaking countries to refer to the increasingly strong influx of macaronic (slang) English or pseudo-English vocabulary into German.22
8253100974Franglaisa form of French using many words and idioms borrowed from English.23
8253100975EbonicsAmerican black English regarded as a language in its own right rather than as a dialect of standard English24
8253100976Spanglisha hybrid language combining words and idioms from both Spanish and English, especially Spanish speech that uses many English words and expressions.25
8253100977Institutional LanguageProfessional language (not slang)26
8253100978Developing LanguageLanguage used daily for face-to-face communication, includes a standard written expression, but not used by people all the time27
8253100979Vigorous LanguageLanguage used daily by all ages but doesn't include a written expression28
8253100980SubdialectBroken down version of dialects, usually very close to each other but may differ in pronunciation of local words.29
8253100981Received Pronunciationthe standard form of British English pronunciation, based on educated speech in southern England.30
8253100982Vulgar LatinInformal Latin spoken by common folk (farmers, soldiers, etc.) in classical times31

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