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AP Human Geography: Language Flashcards

Language

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8119031719DialectA particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group.0
8119031720Extinct LanguageAn extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use.1
8119031721IdeogramA written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it. An Example: 6 (six)2
8119031722IsoglossA geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.3
8119031723Isolated Languagea natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language.4
8119031724Language BranchA Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance "-------" of the Indo-European language family.5
8119031725LanguageThe method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.6
8119031726Language GroupA Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.7
8119031727Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history8
8119031728Indo European language familyLargest language family that includes English and most other languages in the Western Hemisphere. Also used in South and Southwest Asia.9
8119031729Sino-Tibetan Language Family2nd largest language family. Includes Madarin, Thai, Cantonese and Burmese10
8119031730Lingua FrancaA Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages11
8119031731Literary TraditionA Language that is written as well as spoken12
8119031732MonolingualThe condition of being able to speak only a single language13
8119031733BilingualThe ability to speak two languages14
8119031734MultilingualThe ability to speak multiple languages15
8119031735Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.16
8119031736Pidgin LanguageA Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.17
8119031737Standard LanguageThe form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.18
8119031738Trade LanguageA language, especially a pidgin, used by speakers of different native languages for communication in commercial trade.19
8119031739VernacularUsing a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language. It is usually the language of the common people.20
8119031740Creolea mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage21
8119031741DenglishThe term is used in all German-speaking countries to refer to the increasingly strong influx of macaronic (slang) English or pseudo-English vocabulary into German.22
8119031742Franglaisa form of French using many words and idioms borrowed from English.23
8119031743EbonicsAmerican black English regarded as a language in its own right rather than as a dialect of standard English24
8119031744Spanglisha hybrid language combining words and idioms from both Spanish and English, especially Spanish speech that uses many English words and expressions.25
8119031745Institutional LanguageProfessional language (not slang)26
8119031746Developing LanguageLanguage used daily for face-to-face communication, includes a standard written expression, but not used by people all the time27
8119031747Vigorous LanguageLanguage used daily by all ages but doesn't include a written expression28
8119031748SubdialectBroken down version of dialects, usually very close to each other but may differ in pronunciation of local words.29
8119031749Received Pronunciationthe standard form of British English pronunciation, based on educated speech in southern England.30
8119031750Vulgar LatinInformal Latin spoken by common folk (farmers, soldiers, etc.) in classical times31

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