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AP Human Geography: Midterms Flashcards

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6325113201Cultureshared patterns of learned behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge.0
6325113202Culture traitA single component of culture.1
6325115323Culture RegionAn area that shares a large number of culture traits.2
6387486659Culture RealmsLarger areas based on a few broad cultural similarities3
6387493232Culture Complexa unique combination of culture traits for a particular culture group4
6387503841Technological Subsystemcomposed of material objects, together with the techniques of their use, by means of which people are able to live5
6387506210ArtifactAn individual culture trait that falls within the technological subsystem6
6389199670Cultural ConverganceTraits of one culture becoming very similar to another (ex: Japanese eating hamburgers while drinking coca-cola )7
6389208055Sociological SubsystemHow people in a culture are expected to interact with each other and how their social intuitions are structured8
6389219096SociofactsCulture traits in the sociological subsystem9
6389226239Ideological SubsystemIdeas, beliefs, values, and knowledge of a culture10
6389265240MentifactsIndividual traits in the Ideological subsystem11
6391312269Cultural DiffusionThe expansion and adoption of a cultural element, from its place of origin to a wider area.12
6391313838HearthThe region from which innovative ideas originate.13
6391319314Relocation Diffusiona form of diffusion that involves the actual movement of the original adopters from their point of origin to a new place14
6391321493Contagious DiffusionThe rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population.15
6391324912Hierarchical Diffusionthe spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places16
6391351861Cultural LandscapeFashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group. (Example: Churches, Roads, etc and how they're built etc)17
6391362840Folk CultureCulture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups.18
6391367440Popular CultureCulture found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics.19
6391373681EthnicityIdentity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions.20
6391377154EthnocentrismBelief in the superiority of one's nation or ethnic group.21
6391379308Emergent Ethnicitythe process in which a new ethnic group or identity appear22
6391381723Resurgent IdentityThe return of previously faded ethnic groups or ethnic pride23
6391383060AcculturationThe process of learning how to operate within a new culture24
6391383061AssimilationThe adoption of a new culture and the abandonment of most aspects of an original culture25
6391405024Cultural AssimilationCultural group maintaining a strong self identity yet has adopted enough of the culture traits of the host society to be a functioning member of it26
6391413919Functional AssimilationFusion of an ethnic group with the majority society27
6391418944Ethnic NeighborhoodsNeighborhood, typically situated in a larger metropolitan city and constructed by or comprised of a local culture, in which a local culture can practice its customs28
6391420547Ghettosa part of a city, especially a slum area, occupied by a minority group or groups.29
6391423075Ethnoburbsa suburban ethnic neighborhood, sometimes home to relatively affluent immigration populations30
6391424162Ethnic Islandsmoderately sized areas of ethnic concentration in rural, or non-urban areas, such as Amish or Hutterite communitie31
6391425456Cluster Migrationa pattern of movement and settlement resulting from the collective action of distinctive social or ethnic group32
6391432191Ethnic ProvincesLarge areas associated with a particular ethnic group, such as French-speaking Quebec and Southwestern part of the US33
6391432192Hanificationthe Chinese government practice of moving Han Chinese citizens into minority ethnic areas to dilute the importance of the minority culture.34
6391435136Feminist Geographyan approach to human geography that focuses on gender relationships as being central to our understanding of how space is created and arranged35
6391436867Gendered Spacesplaces that are considered male or female, or even gender neutral36
6391448381Food Tabooa prohibition against consuming certain foods37
6391453721Toponymplace name38
6391460798IdiomA common, often used expression that doesn't make sense if you take it literally.39
6391460799PatoisA REGIONAL DIALECT; NONSTANDARD SPEECH; JARGON40
6391462351VernacularEveryday language of ordinary people41
6391462352Lingua FrancaA language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages.42
6391463924PidginLanguage that may develop when two groups of people with different languages meet. The pidgin has some characteristics of each language.43
6391465268Grimm's Lawdescribes a number of consonant shifts in the prehistory of Germanic.44
6391465269Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history.45
6391469002Proto-Languagethe common ancestor of a family of modern languages46
6391470108Sprachbunda group of languages from different families or branches of a family that share grammatical of lexical similarities because of proximity47
6391472669Received PronounciationStandard Form of English; RP48
6391475917Language Divergencewhen a language breaks into dialects due to a lack of spatial interaction among speakers of a language, and continued isolation causes new languages to be formed49
6391477800Language ConvergenceThe collapsing of two languages into one resulting from the consistent spatial interaction of peoples with different languages; the opposite of language divergence50
6391479257Language ExtinctionThis occurs when a language is no longer in use by any living people. Thousands of languages have become extinct over the eons since language first developed, but the process of language extinction has accelerated greatly during the past 300 years.51
6391483163Toponymythe study of place names52
6391483164Loan Wordsterms used in one language that have an origin in another language53
6391572915Afro-AsiaticA large language family found primarily in North Africa and Southwest Asia(the Middle East)54
6391572916Indo-Europeanincludes Germanic and romance languages, spoken b about 50% of the world's people55
6391575220Niger-Congoa large language family of 1400 languages spoken primarily in Africa56
6391580036Malayo-Polynesiana large language family of over 1200 tongues spoken primarily in Southeast Asia and the South Pacific57
6391580047Sino-Tibetanlanguage area that spreads through most of China and Southeast Asia58
6391638418Homogeneousof a similar kind59
6391659637Cultural RelativismThe practice of trying to understand a culture on its own terms and to judge a culture by its own standards.60
6391733865Sacred Directionswtf is this I can't find it anywhere61
6391739948SymbolsTerms, concepts, or items that represent specific meanings by accepted convention.62
6391741032SpaceThe physical gap or interval between two objects.63

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