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AP Landmark Court Cases Flashcards

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8927352307Plessy v. Ferguson"Separate but Equal"- segregation in public places facilities were legal0
8927352308Brown v. Board of Educationdesegregated public schools, overturned Separate but Equal1
8927352309New Jersey v. T.L.O.a student may be searched if there is "reasonable suspicion", don't need a warrant in school2
8927352310Miranda v. Arizonasuspects must be informed of their right to a lawyer and their right against self-incrimination, created the Miranda Rights3
8927352311Gideon v. WainwrightCourts are required to provide a lawyer in criminal cases for defendants unable to afford their own attorneys (even state courts)4
8927352312McCulloch v. MarylandFederal law was stronger than the state law. Supremacy Clause and Necessary & Proper Clause5
8927352313Marbury v. Madisonestablished concept of judicial review, first time supreme court declared something 'unconstitutional'6
8927352314Tinker v. Des MoinesStudents have the right to symbolic speech at school as long as it is not disruptive7
8927360004Engle v. VitaleA public school could not require a school prayer; guaranteed separation of church and state8
8927377330Schenk v. USThere are limits on free speech if it posed a "clear and present danger" to the - You cannot yell "Fire" in a crowded room if it is not true9
8927381432Texas v. JohnsonLegal to burn the flag in protest; Freedom of Speech10
8927386224Roe v. WadeAbortions legal in all 50 states; choice & Right to privacy11
8927396262University of California Davis v. BakkeClarified affirmative action rules: outlawed quotas, but race and membership of disenfranchised groups is allowed to be used as a "plus factor" in admissions or job applications12
8927413067Buckley v. ValeoThe government can set limits on campaign contributions to limit corruption in elections13
8927473687Gitlow v. New YorkThe courts used the "dangerous tendency" test to convict, said that a state may forbid both speech and publication if they have a tendency to result in action dangerous to public security14
8927485688Mapp v. OhioEvidence that is obtained illegally cannot be used in court15
8927504424Baker v. Carr"One man, one vote." Ordered state legislative districts to be as near equal as possible in population, enabling federal courts to intervene in and to decide redistricting cases16
8927514643US v. Lopez1990 Gun-Free School Zones Act unconstitutional for overstepping the congressional boundaries of the Commerce Clause. While Congress has authority under the Commerce Clause, the power was limited, and did not extend so far to authorize the regulation of the carrying of handguns, especially when there was no evidence that carrying them affected the economy17
8927614359Obergefell v. HodgesGay marriage was legalized in all 50 states. Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment guarantees the right to marry as one of the fundamental liberties it protects, applies to same-sex couples the same as it does to opposite-sex couples18
8927634159Gonzales v. RaichThe commerce clause gave Congress authority to prohibit the local cultivation and use of marijuana, despite state law to the contrary19

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