Terms : Hide Images
| 7327172615 | Introduction | Introduces the reader to the subject under discussion. | 0 | |
| 7327172616 | Narration | Provides factual information and background material on the subject at hand or established why the subject is a problem that needs addressing. | 1 | |
| 7327172617 | Confirmation | Usually the major part of the text, the confirmation includes the proof needed to make the writers case. | 2 | |
| 7327174068 | Refutation | Addresses the counterargument. It is a bridge between the writer's proof and conclusion. | 3 | |
| 7327174069 | Conclusion | Brings the essay to a satisfying close. | 4 | |
| 7327175704 | Induction | From the Latin inducere, "to lead into"; a logical process whereby the writer reasons from particulars to universals, using specific cases in order to draw a conclusion, which is also called a generalization. | 5 | |
| 7327178811 | Toulmin Model | An approach to analyzing and constructing arguments created by British philosopher Stephen Toulmin. |  | 6 |
| 7327178812 | Warrant/Assumption | In the Toulmin model, the warrant expresses the assumption necessarily shared by the speaker and the audience. | 7 | |
| 7327181257 | Backing | In the Toulmin model, backing consists of further assurances or data without which the assumption lacks authority. | 8 | |
| 7327182929 | Qualifier | In the Toulmin model, the qualifier uses words like usually, probably, maybe, in most cases, and most likely to temper the claim, making it less absolute. | 9 | |
| 7327182930 | Reservation | In the Toulmin model, a reservation explains the terms and conditions necessitated by the qualifier. | 10 | |
| 7327182931 | Rebuttal | In the Toulmin model, a rebuttal gives voice to possible objections. | 11 |
