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AP Lang Vocab Set: 6 Flashcards

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10561231058speakerthe person or group who creates a text0
10561236440stancea speaker's attitude toward the audience1
10561246665straw manA fallacy that occurs when a speaker chooses a deliberately poor or oversimplified example in order to ridicule and refute an idea.2
10561250353subjectThe topic of a text. What the text is about.3
10561252562Syllogisma logical structure that uses the major premise and minor premise to reach a necessary conclusion4
10561258642Synecdochefigure of speech that uses a part to represent the whole5
10561260578Syntaxthe arrangement of words into phrases, clauses, and sentences6
10561266144synthesizecombining two or more ideas in order to create something more complex in support of a new idea7
10561273637textWhile this term generally means the written word, in the humanities it has come to mean any cultural product that can be "read" - meaning not just consumed and comprehended, but investigated. This includes fiction, nonfiction, poetry, political cartoons, fine art, photography, performances, fashion, cultural trends, and much more.8
10561275247ToneA speaker's attitude toward the subject conveyed by the speaker's stylistic and rhetorical choices.9
10561280186Toulmin ModelAn approach to analyzing and constructing arguments created by British philosopher Stephen Toulmin.10
10561285096TropeArtful diction; from the Greek word for "turning," a figure of speech such as metaphor, simile, hyperbole, metonymy, or synecdoche.11
10561288366Understatementa figure of speech in which something is presented as less important, dire, urgent, good, and so on, than it actually is, often for satiric or comical effect.12
10561302213warrantIn the Toulmin model, the warrant expresses the assumption necessarily shared by the speaker and the audience.13
10561305741witIn rhetoric, the use of laughter, humor, irony, and satire in the confirmation or refutation of an argument.14
10561309729Zeugmause of two different words in a grammatically similar way that produces different, often incongruous, meanings15

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