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AP Language and Composition Flashcards

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14927243541allusionReferring to other people's well-known work ex. The overall story line of the book is very similar to that of Romeo and Juliet written by William Shakespeare.0
14927287297argumentationReasoning systematically to prove that something is true ex. Lawyer explains why his client is innocent.1
14927361034dictionWord choice in speech and writing ex. Hey, what's up, man?2
14927379476expositionThe start of the story where the author introduces background information3
14927395999figurative languageUsing words or phrases in a way that isn't used conventionally. ex. metaphors, similes, personification, and hyperbole4
14927438645hyperboleExaggerating something; usually humorous ex. mile-high ice cream cones5
14927445787imageryLanguage that illustrates the scenery; relies on visual symbolism ex. The familiar tang of his grandmother's cranberry sauce reminded him of his youth.6
14927491575ironySomething that is the opposite from expected result ex. A fire station burns down7
14927541795metaphorIndirect comparison made by applying a word or phrase to something in a way that doesn't make logical sense ex. She is an angel.8
14927571153oxymoronUsing contradictory terms consequently ex. faith unfaithful kept him falsely true.9
14927583177paradoxA statement that seems self-contradictory, but it actually isn't ex. "Life is a preparation for the future; and the best preparation for the future is to live as if there were none." -Albert Einstein10
14955351074parallelismRepetition of similar components in a sentence that gives balance and rhythm to sentences ex. Flying is fast, comfortable, and safe.11
14955399738parodyHumorous imitation of a particular writer, artist, or genre by exaggeration ex. movie named "Young Frankenstein"12
14955431331personificationGiving human qualities to a non-human thing, such as an idea or an animal ex. Look at my car. She is a beauty, isn't she?13
14955441922perspectivePoint of view that allows readers to observe from certain characters, events, or happenings ex. "I could not unlove him now, merely because I found that he had ceased to notice me." - Jane Eyre (Describes the point of view of a character experiencing love)14
14955468254rhetoricThe art of using language to persuade somebody else in spoken or written form ex. All blonds are dumb. (using stereotype to persuade a point)15
14955498585simileDirect comparison based on the similarities between two things by using words such as "like" or "as" ex. Our soldiers are as brave as lions.16
14955525231styleThe way how the writer writes; based on writer's syntax, word choice, and tone. ex. If it sounds like I'm writing, then I prefer to rewrite it. (Conversational)17
14955537310analogyComparison made between two things to show their similarities. Metaphor and simile are some tools to make this comparison. ex. You are as annoying as nails on a chalkboard.18
14968552171anecdoteA short and interesting story told to support an idea ex. I once had a border collie. She was so smart. Every morning, I'd open up the front door and she'd run out, pick up the newspaper, and deliver it to my husband at the breakfast table.19
14968552172ethosAppeal to the authority or a credible and ethical source ex. "If his years as a soldier taught him anything, it's that caution is the best policy in this sort of situation."20
14968552173logosAppeal to logic or reasoning ex. "All men are mortal. Socrates is a man. Therefore, Socrates is mortal."21
14968552174pathosAppeal to emotion ex. Ads encouraging charitable donations show small children living in pathetic conditions, to evoke pity in people.22
14968556247colloquialismUsage of informal expressions, such as slang, to give a sense of realism to the context ex. Over yonder, ain't23
14968556248connotationThe implied meaning of a word, apart from what it is supposed to describe ex. "He's such a dog." - In this sense, the word dog implies shamelessness or ugliness.24
14968556249logical fallacyErrors in an argument that makes it illogical ex. "Lots of people purchased this collection, so it must be great."25
14968556250sarcasmSatirical or ironic statements meant to amuse and mock somebody ex. I love those mustard stains on your over sized hoodie. They really bring out the color in your eyes.26
14968559649satireTechnique used to criticize foolishness and corruption of something in a humorous or ironical way ex. political cartoons seen in newspapers and magazines27
14968559650toneAttitude of the writer towards a subject or audience ex. "I want to ask the authorities what is the big deal? Why do they not control the epidemic? It is eating up lives like a monster." (casual)28
14968559651allegoryExpressing abstract ideas and principles with characters, figures, and events to teach a moral lesson ex. Animal Farm by George Orwell29
14968559652anaphoraRepeating the first part of a sentence throughout the whole writing to have an artistic effect ex. "My life is my purpose. My life is my goal. My life is my inspiration."30
14968559653thesisThe main idea of a writing ex. "Social media is proving to be, not only a better marketing tool, but also a source of advertisement for short and medium enterprises intending to expand their consumer base."31
14968564679clicheOverused expression, idea, or action ex. "at the speed of light"32
14968564680genreType of literature characterized by specific categories ex. poetry, drama, fiction, non-fiction33
14968564681rhetorical questionQuestion asked to emphasize a point; doesn't necessarily require an answer ex. "...O Wind, If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?" - Ode to the West Wind by Percy Bysshe Shelley34
14968564682syntaxRules of a language; sentence structure ex. Subject+Verb+Object is the sentence structure in English.35
14968568556alliterationRepeating the same first alphabet of various words that are close together ex. But a better butter makes a batter better.36
14968568557consonanceRepetition of consonant sounds in a sentence or phrase ex. Shelley sells shells by the sea.37
14968568558denotationLiteral or primary meaning of a word ex. Vegetables are an inexpensive (Cheap)38
14968568559motifA recurring theme or idea in a literary work expressed through repeated imagery or language ex. A repeated reference or visual of shattered glass (something in life is about to break)39
14968568560antithesisTwo different ideas expressed in a sentence to emphasize their difference ex. Love is an ideal thing, marriage a real thing.40
14968572029deductionThe process of moving from a general rule to a specific example; if a=b and b=c, then a=c. ex. Premise 1: Johnson is a student. Premise 2: All students are young men. Conclusion: Johnson is a young man.41
14968572030inductionReasoning from specific to general ex. "This marble from the bag is black. That marble from the bag is black. A third marble from the bag is black. Therefore all the marbles in the bag are black."42
14968572031dialectVariety of a language used by specific group of people ex. "We's safe, Huck, we's safe! Jump up and crack yo' heels. Dat's de good ole Cairo at las', I jis knows it."43
14968572032didacticIdea that literature should entertain and educate at the same time ex. Animal Farm by George Orwell teaches and entertains the readers at the same time.44
14968576801inferenceConclusion reached based on evidence and reasoning ex. John hears a smoke alarm and smells burnt bacon. John can conclude that his neighbor burnt her breakfast.45
14968576802elegyPoem or song made to mourn the death of a person ex. "I would not be standing here today nor standing where I stand every day had she not chosen to sit down. I know that. I know that. I know that. I know that, and I honor that. Had she no46
14968576803jargonSpecialized terms used only in certain fields ex. CPU, library, main memory, RAM,47
14968576804proseNatural flow of speech without any formal metric structure ex. "The woods look lovely against the setting darkness and as I gaze into the mysterious depths of the forest, I feel like lingering here longer. However, I have pending appointments to keep, and much distance to cover before I settle in for the night, or else I will be late for all of them."48
14968576874symbolismUsing symbolic meanings to represent ideas or qualities ex. Ching Chua gave his wife a red rose. (In Chinese culture, the color red symbolizes property and happiness.)49

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