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AP Language and Composition Flashcards

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14322103276MetaphorA figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things. An implied comparison.0
14322110725SimileA stated comparison between two things that are usually unlike, but that have something in common. Expresses comparison using like or as.1
14322124935AllusionA reference to a historical or literary person, place, or event with which the reader is assumed to be familiar.2
14322133139HyperboleOverstatement or exaggeration for effect.3
14322136687OnomatopoeiaCreating or using words that imitate sounds.4
14322140710OxymoronA kind of "paradox", it has two successive (means side by side) words which apparently contradict each other.5
14322148924ParadoxA statement that seems contradictory but is actually quite true.6
14322164786PersonificationA figure of speech in which human qualities are attributed to an object, an animal or an idea.7
14322170823SymbolAn object stands for an abstract idea8
14322196739AlliterationThe repetition of initial consonant sounds.9
14322201322ConsonanceRelated to alliteration, it is the repetition of consonant sounds in the middle or end of a series of words.10
14322219884AssonanceThe repetition of a vowel sound within words. Used to give musical quality.11
14322229411SynaesthesiaThe description of one kind of sense in terms of another.12
14322235548SyntaxGrammatical rules governing words order. A major determinant of literary style. changes in syntax can be used to control pacing, create suspense, create poetry, etc.13
14322256541ImageryLanguage in a literary work that invokes sense impressions by literal or figurative reference. These may not be mental "pictures", but may appeal to senses other than sight.14
14322274632DictionWord choice used in a literary work. May be formal/colloquial, abstract/concrete, literal/figurative. Leads to tone/mood.15
14322283505ToneVague critical term usually designating the mood or atmosphere of a work. Can also mean the author's attitude toward the reader (e.g. formal, intimate, pompous) or the subject matter (e.g. ironic, light, solemn, satiric, sentimental)16
14322309791MetonymyA figure of speech that replaces the name of one thing with the name of something else closely associated with it17
14322318909SynechdocheA special kind of metonymy in which something is referred to indirectly by naming some part of it.18
14322326219LitotesAn affirmation made indirectly by denying its opposite, usually with an effect of understatement.19
14322335332EuphemismSubstitution of mild, indirect, or vague term for one considered more harsh, blunt, or offensive.20
14322343083AnaphoraRepetition of a word or phrase repeated (usually at the beginning in successive lines, clauses or sentences.21
14322352415ApostropheRhetoric where the speaker addresses a dead or absent person, or an abstraction or inanimate object.22
14322360798ChiasmusFigure of speech in which the order of terms in the first of two parallel clauses is reversed in the second. May be a repetition of the same words. A-B-B-A pattern.23
14322381141Periodic SentenceA long sentence in which the completion of the syntax and sense is delayed until the end, usually after a sequence of balanced subordinate clauses. Causes suspense as the reader's attention is propelled forward to the end.24
14322391191TautologyTo repeat oneself without purpose. Useless repetition.25
14322397687AphorismStatement of general principle condensing much wisdom into a few words.26
14322402184AsyndetonThe omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence.27
14322408965PolysyndetonUsing several conjunctions in close succession, especially where some might be omitted.28

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