Terms : Hide Images
| 7245246576 | abstract / concrete | patterns of language reflect an author's word choice. Abstract words (for example, wisdom, power, and beauty) | 0 | |
| 7245246577 | acronym | a word formed from the first or first few letters of several words, as in OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries). | 1 | |
| 7245246578 | action | in narrative writing is the sequence of happenings or events. This movement of events may occupy just a few minutes or extend over a period of years or centuries. | 2 | |
| 7245246579 | alliteration | the repetition of initial consonant sounds in words placed closely next to each other, as in "what a tale of terror now their turbulency tells." Prose that is highly rhythmical or "poetic" often makes use of this method. | 3 | |
| 7245246580 | allusion | a literary biographical, or historical reference, whether real or imaginary. It is a figure of speech (a fresh, useful comparison) employed to illuminate an idea. A writer's prose style can be made richer through this economical method of evoking an idea or emotion, as in E. M. Forster's biblical allusion in this sentence: "Property produces men of weight, and it was a man of weight who failed to get into the Kingdom of Heaven." | 4 | |
| 7245246581 | analogy | a form of comparison that uses a clear illustration to explain a difficult idea or function. It is unlike a formal comparison in that its subjects of comparison are from different categories or areas. | 5 | |
| 7245246582 | analysis | a method of exposition in which a subject is broken up into its parts to explain their nature, function, proportion, or relationship. Analysis thus explores connections and processes within the context of a given subject. | 6 | |
| 7245246583 | anecdote | a brief, engaging account of some happening, often historical, biographical, or personal. As a technique in writing it is especially effective in creating interesting essay introductions and also in illuminating abstract concepts in the body of the essay. | 7 | |
| 7245246584 | antecedent | in grammar refers to the word, phrase, or clause to which a pronoun refers, in writing, it also refers to any happening or thing that is prior to another or to anything that logically precedes a subject. | 8 | |
| 7245246585 | antithesis | the balancing of one idea or term against another for emphasis. | 9 | |
| 7245246586 | antonym | a word whose meaning is opposite to that of another word. | 10 | |
| 7245246587 | aphorism | a short, pointed statement expressing a general truism of an idea in an original or imaginative way. Marshall McLuhan's statement that "the medium is the message" is a well-known contemporary example. | 11 | |
| 7245246588 | archaic | language is vocabulary or usage that belongs to an earlier period and is old-fashioned today. the word "thee" for "you" is an example that is still in use in certain situations. | 12 | |
| 7245246589 | archetypes | special images or symbols that, according to Carl Jung, appeal to the total racial or cultural understanding of a people. Such images or symbols as the mother archetype, the cowboy in American film, a sacred mountain, or spring as a time of renewal tend to trigger the "collective unconscious" of the human race. | 13 | |
| 7245246590 | argumentation | a formal variety of writing that offers reasons for or against something. Its goal is to persuade or convince the reader through logical reasoning and carefully controlled emotional appeal | 14 | |
| 7245246591 | assonance | defined generally as likeness or rough similarity of sound. Its specific definition is a partial rhyme in which the stressed vowel sounds are alike but the consonant sounds are unlike, as in late and make. Although more common to poetry, assonance can also be detected in highly rhythmic prose. | 15 | |
| 7245246592 | assumption | in argumentation is anything taken for granted or presumed to be accepted by the audience and therefore unstated. Assumptions in argumentative writing can be dangerous because the audience might not always accept the idea implicit in them. | 16 | |
| 7245246593 | audience | that readership toward which an author directs his or her essay. In composing essays, writers most acknowledge the nature of their expected readers- whether specialized or general, minimally educated or highly educated, sympathetic or unsympathetic toward the writer's opinions, and so forth. Failure to focus on the writer's true audience can lead to confusion in language and usage, presentation of inappropriate content, and failure to appeal to the expected reader. | 17 | |
| 7245246594 | balance | in sentence structure refers to the assignment if equal treatment in the arrangement of coordinate ideas. It is often used to heighten a contrast of ideas. | 18 | |
| 7245246595 | begging the question | an error or a fallacy in reasoning and argumentation in which the writer assumes as a truth something for which evidence or proof is actually needed. | 19 | |
| 7245246596 | causal analysis | a form of writing that examines causes and effects of event | 20 | |
| 7245246597 | characterization | the creation of people involved in the action. It is used especially in narrative or descriptive writing. Authors use techniques of dialogue, description, reportage, and observation in attempting to present vivid and distinctive characters. | 21 | |
| 7245246598 | chronology / chronological order | the arrangement of events in the order in which they happened. Chronological order can be used in such diverse narrative situations as history, biography, scientific process, and personal account. | 22 | |
| 7245246599 | cinematic technique | in narration, description, and occasionally exposition is the conscious applications of film art to the development of the contemporary essay. | 23 | |
| 7245246600 | classification | a form of exposition in which the writer divides a subject into categories and then groups elements in each of those categories according to their relationships with one another. | 24 | |
| 7245246601 | cliche | an expression that once was fresh and original but that has lost much of its vitality through overuse. Because expressions like "as quick as a wink" and "blew her stack" are trite or common today, they should be avoided in writing. | 25 | |
| 7245246602 | climactic ordering | the arrangement of a paragraph or essay so that the most important items are saved for last. | 26 | |
| 7245246603 | coherence | a quality in effective writing that results from the careful ordering of each sentence in a paragraph and each paragraph in the essay. If an essay is coherent, each part will grow naturally and logically from those parts that come before it. | 27 | |
| 7245246604 | colloquial language | conversational language used in certain types of informal and narrative writing but rarely in essays, business writing, or research writing. Expressions like "cool", "pal" or "I can dig it" often have a place in conversational settings. However, they should be use sparingly in essay writing for special effects. | 28 | |
| 7245246605 | comparison / contrast | as an essay pattern treats similarities and differences between two subjects. Any useful comparison involves two items from the same class. Moreover, there must be clear reason for the comparison or contrast. Finally, there must be a balance treatment of the various comparative or contrasting points between the two subjects. | 29 | |
| 7245246606 | conclusion | are the endings of essays. Without a conclusion, an essay would be incomplete, leaving the reader with the feeling that something important has been left out. | 30 | |
| 7245246607 | conflict | in narrative writing, the clash or opposition of events, characters, or ideas that makes the resolution of action necessary. | 31 | |
| 7245246608 | connotation / denotation | are terms specifying the way a word has meaning. | 32 | |
| 7245246609 | context | the situation surrounding a word, group of words, or sentence. Often the elements coming before or after a certain confusing or difficult construction will provide insight into the meaning of importance of that item. | 33 | |
| 7245246610 | coordination | in sentence structure refers to the grammatical arrangement of parts of the same order or equality in rank. | 34 | |
| 7245246611 | declarative sentence | makes a statement or assertion. | 35 | |
| 7245246612 | deduction | a form of logic that begins with a generally stated truth or principle and then offers details, examples, and reasoning to support the generalization. In other words, it is based on reasoning from a known principle to an unknown principle, from the general to the specific, or from a premise to a logical conclusion. | 36 | |
| 7245246613 | definition | in exposition is the extension of a word's meaning through a paragraph or an entire essay. | 37 | |
| 7245246614 | description | in the prose essay is a variety of writing that uses details of sight, sound, color, smell, taste, and touch to create a word picture and to explain or illustrate an idea. | 38 | |
| 7245246615 | development | refers to the way a paragraph or an essay elaborates or builds upon a topic or theme. | 39 | |
| 7245246616 | dialogue | the reproduction if speech or conversation between two or more persons in writing. | 40 | |
| 7245246617 | diction | the manner of expression in words, choice of words, or wording. Writers much choose vocabulary carefully and precisely to communicate a message and also to address an intended audience effectively. | 41 | |
| 7245246618 | digression | a temporary departure from the main subject in writing. It must serve a purpose or be intended for a specific effect. | 42 | |
| 7245246619 | discourse (forms of) | relates, conventionally, to the main categories of writing- narration, description, exposition, and argumentation. | 43 | |
| 7245246620 | division | is that aspect of classification in which the writer divides some large subject into categories. | 44 | |
| 7245246621 | dominant impression | is description is the main impression or effect that writer's attempt to create for their subject. | 45 | |
| 7245246622 | editorializing | to express personal opinions about the subject of the essay. It can have a useful effect in writing, but at other times an author might want to reduce it in favor of a better balanced or more objective tone. | 46 | |
| 7245246623 | effect | a term used in causal analysis to describe the outcome or expected result of a chain of happenings. | 47 | |
| 7245246624 | emphasis | indicates the placement of the most important ideas in key positions in the essay. | 48 | |
| 7245246625 | episodic | relates to that variety of narrative writing that develops through a series of incidents or events. | 49 | |
| 7245246626 | essay | the name given to a short prose work on a limited topic. They take many forms, ranging from personal narratives to critical or argumentative treatments of a subject. Normally they convey the writer's personal ideas about the subject. | 50 | |
| 7245246627 | etymology | the origin and development of a word -- tracing a word back as far as possible. | 51 | |
| 7245246628 | evidence | material offered to support an argument or a proposition; typical examples include facts, details, and expert testimony. | 52 | |
| 7245246629 | example | a method of exposition in which the writer offers illustrations in order to explain a generalization or a whole thesis. | 53 | |
| 7245246630 | exclamatory sentences | in writing express surprise or strong emotion. | 54 | |
| 7245246631 | expert testimony | as employed in argumentative essays and in expository essays is the use of statements by authorities to support a writer's position or idea. | 55 | |
| 7245246632 | exposition | a major form of discourse that informs or explains. | 56 | |
| 7245246633 | extended metaphor | a figurative comparison that is used to structure a significant part of the composition or the whole essay. | 57 | |
| 7245246634 | fable | a form of narrative containing a moral that normally appears clearly at the end. | 58 | |
| 7245246635 | fallacy | in argumentation is an error in logic or in the reasoning process. | 59 | |
| 7245246636 | figurative language | as opposed to literal language is a special approach to writing that departs from what is typically a concrete. | 60 | |
| 7245246637 | flashback | a narrative technique in which the writer begins at some point in the action and then moves into the past in order to provide crucial information about characters and events. | 61 | |
| 7245246638 | foreshadow | a technique that indicates beforehand what is to occur at a later point in the essay. | 62 | |
| 7245246639 | frame | in narration and description is the use of a key object or pattern- typically at the start and end of the essay- that serves as a border or structure for the substance of the composition. | 63 | |
| 7245246640 | general / specific words | the basis of writing, although it is wise in college composition to keep vocabulary as specific as possible. | 64 | |
| 7245246641 | generalization | a broad idea or statement. All generalizations require particulars and illustrations to support them. | 65 | |
| 7245246642 | genre | a type or form of literature -- for example, short fiction, novel, poetry, or drama. | 66 | |
| 7245246643 | grammatical structure | a systematic description of language as it relates to the grammatical nature of a sentence. | 67 | |
| 7245246644 | horizontal / vertical | paragraph and essay development refers to the basic way a writer moves either from one generalization to another in a carefully related series of generalizations or from a generalization to a series of specific supporting examples. | 68 | |
| 7245246645 | hortatory style | a style in which someone or something wants someone to take part in something | 69 | |
| 7245246646 | hyperbole | exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally | 70 | |
| 7245246647 | hypothetical examples | functional examples that can be used when a speaker explains a complicated topic | 71 | |
| 7245246648 | identification | the action or process of identifying someone or something or the fact of being identified | 72 | |
| 7245246649 | idiomatic language | a type of informal English that have a meaning different from the meaning of words in the expression | 73 | |
| 7245246650 | ignoring the question | when you are asked a question and you don't want to answer it | 74 | |
| 7245246651 | illustration | the action or fact of illustrating something | 75 | |
| 7245246652 | imagery | visually descriptive or figurative language | 76 | |
| 7245246653 | induction | the action or process of inducting someone to a position or organization | 77 | |
| 7245246654 | inference | involves arriving at a decision or opinion by reasoning from known facts or evidence. | 78 | |
| 7245246655 | interrogative sentences | sentences whose grammatical form shows that is a question | 79 | |
| 7245246656 | introduction | the action of introducing something | 80 | |
| 7245246657 | irony | the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite | 81 | |
| 7245246658 | issue | an important problem or topic for debate or discussion | 82 | |
| 7245246659 | jargon | special words associated with a specific area of knowledge or a particular profession. Writers who employ this either assume that readers know specialized terms or take care to define terms for the benefit of the audience. | 83 | |
| 7245246660 | juxtaposition | the fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect | 84 | |
| 7245246661 | levels of language | a system of sounds that serve as the building blocks for the higher linguistic levels | 85 | |
| 7245246662 | linear order | the irreflexive version of total order. | 86 | |
| 7245246663 | listing | a list or catalog | 87 | |
| 7245246664 | logic | reasoning conducted or assessed according to strict principles of validity. | 88 | |
| 7245246665 | metaphor | a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which is not literally applicable | 89 | |
| 7245246666 | metonymy | a figure of language in which a thing is not designated by its own name but by another associated with or suggested by it, as in "The Supreme Court has decided" (meaning the judges of the Supreme Court have decided). | 90 | |
| 7245246667 | mood | a temporary state of mind or feeling | 91 | |
| 7245246668 | motif | a decorative design or pattern | 92 | |
| 7245246669 | myth | a widely held but false belief or idea | 93 | |
| 7245246670 | narration | the action or process of narrating a story | 94 | |
| 7245246671 | non sequitur | a conclusion or reply that doesn't follow logically from the previous statement | 95 | |
| 7245246672 | objective / subjective | objective perspectives are ones that are not influenced by feelings or emotions. subjective perspectives are influenced by these things | 96 | |
| 7245246673 | onomatopoeia | the formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named | 97 | |
| 7245246674 | order | the arrangement or disposition of people or things in relation to each other according to a particular sequence, pattern, or method | 98 | |
| 7245246675 | overstatement | the action of expressing or stating something too strongly | 99 | |
| 7245246676 | paradox | a statement appears to contradict itself | 100 | |
| 7245246677 | paragraph | a distinct section of a piece of writing, usually dealing with a single theme and indicated by a new line | 101 | |
| 7245246678 | parallelism | the state of being parallel or of corresponding in some way | 102 | |
| 7245246679 | paraphrase | a rewording of something written or spoken by someone else | 103 | |
| 7245246680 | parenthetical | relating to inserted as a parenthesis | 104 | |
| 7245246681 | parody | an imitation of the style of a particular writer | 105 | |
| 7245246682 | periphrasis | the use of indirect and circumlocutory speech or writing. | 106 | |
| 7245246683 | persona | the aspect of someone's character that is presented to or perceived by others. | 107 | |
| 7245246684 | personification | the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form. | 108 | |
| 7245246685 | persuasion | the action or fact of persuading someone or of being persuaded to do or believe something. | 109 | |
| 7245246686 | point of view | a particular attitude or way of considering a matter. | 110 | |
| 7245246687 | post hoc, ergo propter hoc | in logic it is the fallacy of thinking that a happening that follows another must be its result. it arises from a confusion about the logical causal relationship. | 111 | |
| 7245246688 | process analysis | a form of technical writing and expository writing "designed to convey to the reader how a change takes place through a series of stages | 112 | |
| 7245246689 | progression | the process of developing or moving gradually towards a more advanced state. | 113 | |
| 7245246690 | proportion | a part, share, or number considered in comparative relation to a whole. | 114 | |
| 7245246691 | proposition | a statement or assertion that expresses a judgment or opinion. | 115 | |
| 7245246692 | purpose | the reason for which something is done or created or for which something exists. | 116 | |
| 7245246693 | refutation | the action of proving a statement or theory to be wrong or false. | 117 | |
| 7245246694 | repetition | the action of repeating something that has already been said or written. | 118 | |
| 7245246695 | rhetoric | the art of using words effectively in speaking or writing. it is also the art of literary composition, particularly in prose, including both figures of speech and such strategies as comparison and contrast, definition, and analysis. | 119 | |
| 7245246696 | rhetorical question | a question asked only to emphasize a point, introduce a topic, or provoke thought, but not to elicit an answer. | 120 | |
| 7245246697 | rhythm | in prose writing it is a regular recurrence of elements or features in sentences, creating a patterned emphasis, balance, or contrast. | 121 | |
| 7245246698 | sarcasm | the use of irony to mock or convey contempt. | 122 | |
| 7245246699 | satire | the humorous or critical treatment of a subject in order to expose the subject's vices, follies, stupidities, and so forth. Its intention is to reform by exposing the subject to comedy or ridicule. | 123 | |
| 7245246700 | sensory language | language that appeals to any of the five senses--sight, sound, touch, taste, or smell. | 124 | |
| 7245246701 | sentimentality | in prose writing it is the excessive display of emotion, whether intended or unintended. Because it can distort the true nature of a situation or an idea, writers should use it caustiusly, or not at all. | 125 | |
| 7245246702 | series | a number of things, events, or people of a similar kind or related nature coming one after another. | 126 | |
| 7245246703 | setting | the place or type of surroundings where something is positioned or where an event takes place. | 127 | |
| 7245246704 | simile | a figurative comparison using "like" or "as". | 128 | |
| 7245246705 | slang | a kind of language that uses racy or colorful expressions associated more often with speech than with writing. it is colloquial English and should be used in essay writing only to reproduce dialogue or to create a special effect. | 129 | |
| 7245246706 | spatial order | items arranged according to their physical position or relationships | 130 | |
| 7245246707 | statistics | the practice or science of collecting and analyzing numerical data in large quantities | 131 | |
| 7245246708 | style | a manner of doing something. | 132 | |
| 7245246709 | subordination | the action or state of subordinating or of being subordinate. | 133 | |
| 7245246710 | syllogism | an argument or form of reasoning in which two statements or premises are made and a logical conclusion is drawn from them. As such, it is a form of deductive logic--reasoning from the general to the particular. | 134 | |
| 7245246711 | symbol | a mark or character used as a conventional representation of an object, function, or process | 135 | |
| 7245246712 | synonym | a word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word or phrase in the same language, for example shut is a synonym of close. | 136 | |
| 7245246713 | theme | the central idea in an essay; it is also termed the thesis. Everything in an essay should support this in one way or another. | 137 | |
| 7245246714 | thesis | the main idea in an essay; when stated as a sentence it appears early in an essay (normally somewhere in the first paragraph) serving to convey the main idea to the reader in a clear and emphatic manner. | 138 | |
| 7245246715 | tone | the writer's attitude toward his or her subject or material. An essay writer may have an objective one, subjective, comic, ironic, nostalgic, critical, or a reflection of numerous other attitudes. it is the voice that writers give to an essay. | 139 | |
| 7245246716 | topic sentence | the main idea that a paragraph develops; not all paragraphs have one, often the topic is implied. | 140 | |
| 7245246717 | transition | the process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another. | 141 | |
| 7245246718 | understatement | a method of making a weaker statement than is warranted by truth, accuracy, or importance. | 142 | |
| 7245246719 | unity | the state of being united or joined as a whole. | 143 | |
| 7245246720 | usage | the action of using something or the fact of being used. | 144 | |
| 7245246721 | voice | the way you express your ideas to the reader, the ton you take in addressing your audience; it reflects your attitude toward both your subject and your readers. | 145 |
