3413767114 | allegory | the device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning | 0 | |
3413775824 | alliteration | the repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words | 1 | |
3413781730 | allusion | a direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art. | 2 | |
3413787265 | ambiguity | the multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage. | 3 | |
3413792135 | analogy | a similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. | 4 | |
3413799056 | antecedent | the word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun | 5 | |
3413801644 | antithesis | the opposition or contrast of ideas; the direct opposite | 6 | |
3413803962 | aphorism | a terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. | 7 | |
3413808022 | apostrophe | a figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. It is an address to someone or something that cannot answer. | 8 | |
3413819771 | asyndeton | omission of conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses | 9 | |
3413822500 | atmosphere | the emotional nod created by the entirety of a literary work established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice or objects that are described | 10 | |
3413838372 | caricature | a verbal description, the purpose of which is to exaggerate or distort, for comic effect, a person's distinctive physical features or other characteristics | 11 | |
3413852591 | clause | a grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb. | 12 | |
3413854161 | colloquial/colloquialism | the use of slang or informalities in speech or writing | 13 | |
3413859020 | conceit | a fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. | 14 | |
3431733933 | concession | an argumentative strategy by which speaker (writer) acknowledges the validity of an opponents point | 15 | |
3431742543 | connotation | the non-literal, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning | 16 | |
3431748467 | denotation | the strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color | 17 | |
3431751176 | diction | related to style; the writers word choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness | 18 | |
3431755410 | didactic | words that have the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles | 19 | |
3431760932 | ethos | a persuasive appeal based on the projected character of speaker or writer | 20 | |
3431765025 | euphemism | more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept | 21 | |
3431768604 | extended metaphor | a metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work | 22 | |
3431773683 | fallacy | an error in reasoning that renders an argument invalid | 23 | |
3431775915 | figurative language | writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid | 24 | |
3431783079 | figure of speech | a device used to produce figurative language. many compare dissimilar things | 25 | |
3431787773 | generic conventions | traditions for each genre, helps to define each genre | 26 | |
3431791235 | genre | the major category into which a literary work fits | 27 | |
3431793122 | homily | any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving morel or spiritual advice | 28 | |
3431797468 | hyperbole | a figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement. | 29 | |
3431797469 | imagery | the sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. | 30 | |
3431802098 | inference/infer | to draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented | 31 | |
3462546369 | invective | an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language | 32 | |
3462549738 | irony/ironic | the contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant, or the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true. | 33 | |
3462559325 | jargon | the specialized language or terminology of a particular group or field | 34 | |
3462562888 | litotes | a form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying it's opposite. | 35 | |
3462569173 | loose sentence/non-periodic sentence | a type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses. | 36 | |
3462580446 | metaphor | a figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity. | 37 | |
3462588089 | metonymy | a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. | 38 | |
3462594533 | mood | the prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work | 39 | |
3462597114 | narrative | the telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events. | 40 | |
3462600648 | onomatopoeia | a figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words. | 41 | |
3462606761 | oxymoron | a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. | 42 | |
3462613633 | paradox | a statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity. | 43 | |
3462622893 | parallelism | the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity. | 44 | |
3486930894 | anaphora | a sub-type of parallelism, when the exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences | 45 | |
3486936577 | parody | a work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. | 46 | |
3486943686 | pathos | means of persuasion that appeals to the audience's emotions | 47 | |
3486946928 | pedantic | an adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish | 48 | |
3486955244 | periodic sentence | the opposite of loose sentence, a sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. | 49 | |
3486964544 | personification | a figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions. | 50 | |
3486971428 | point of view | the perspective from which a story is told | 51 | |
3486980987 | prose | one of the major divisions of genre, refers to fiction and nonfiction, including all its forms. | 52 | |
3486988302 | refutation | the part of an argument wherein speaker(writer) anticipates and counters opposing viewpoints | 53 | |
3486996564 | repetition | the duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as a sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern | 54 | |
3487009083 | rhetoric | the principles of governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively | 55 | |
3487012300 | rhetorical modes | the variety, the conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing. | 56 | |
3506843193 | sarcasm | involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something | 57 | |
3506844998 | satire | a work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule. | 58 | |
3506850504 | semantics | the branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another | 59 | |
3506853214 | style | an evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices | 60 | |
3506856383 | subject complement | the word or clause that follows a linking verb and complements, or completes, the subject of the sentence by either renaming it or describing it. | 61 | |
3506861271 | subordinate clause | contains both a subject and a verb, but unlike the independent clause, it cannot stand alone | 62 | |
3506864072 | syllogism | a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion | 63 | |
3526463167 | symbol/symbolism | generally, anything that represents itself and stands for something else. | 64 | |
3526473211 | synecdoche | a figure of speech in which a part of something is used to represent the whole or, occasionally, the whole is used to represent a part. | 65 | |
3526478958 | synesthesia | when one kind of sensory stimulus evokes the subjective experience of another. | 66 | |
3526484628 | syntax | the way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences. | 67 | |
3526489986 | theme | the central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life. | 68 | |
3526492389 | thesis | the statement is the sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or position | 69 | |
3526499020 | tone | describes the author's attitude toward his material, the audience, or both. | 70 | |
3526503116 | transition | a word of phrase that links different ideas | 71 | |
3526505909 | understatement | the ironic minimalizing of fact, presents something as less significant than it is | 72 | |
3526509875 | wit | intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights. | 73 | |
3526519706 | zeugma | the use of a word to modify two or more words although its use may be grammatically or logically correct with only one. | 74 |
AP Language and Composition Terms Flashcards
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