6802258447 | Ad hominem argument | Argument that appeals to emotion rather than reason, to feeling rather than intellect | 0 | |
6802258448 | Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. i.e. Animal Farm characters; The Crucible | 1 | |
6802258449 | Alliteration | The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words | 2 | |
6802258450 | Allusion | A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work or art purpose: writer does not have to elaborate | 3 | |
6802258451 | Ambiguity | The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage | 4 | |
6802258452 | Analogy | A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them; using something well known to help explain something not as well known. (similar to simile) | 5 | |
6802258453 | Antecedent | The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. | 6 | |
6802258454 | Aphorism | A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or moral principle; a memorable summation of the author's point | 7 | |
6802258455 | Apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or personified abstraction, such as liberty or love and adds familiarity or emotion intensity | 8 | |
6802258456 | Atmosphere | The emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described. | 9 | |
6802258457 | Clause | A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb. | 10 | |
6802258458 | Colloquial | The use of slang or in formalities in speech or writing. Gives work a conversational, familiar tone. Often used to express regional or local dialects | 11 | |
6802258460 | Connotation | The nonliteral, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning | 12 | |
6802258461 | Denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color | 13 | |
6802258462 | Diction | Related to style, refers to the writer's word choice | 14 | |
6802258464 | Euphemism | A more agreeable or less offensive substitute for generally unpleasant words or concepts. Can be used to adhere to standards of social or political correctness, or to add humor or ironic understatement | 15 | |
6802258465 | Extended metaphor | A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work | 16 | |
6802258466 | Figurative language | Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid | 17 | |
6802258467 | Figure of speech | A device used to produce figurative language, Many compare dissimilar things | 18 | |
6802258469 | Genre | The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry , and drama | 19 | |
6802258470 | Homily | This term literally means "sermon" but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice | 20 | |
6802258471 | Hyperbole | A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement for emphasis | 21 | |
6802258472 | Imagery | The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. On a physical level, uses terms related to the five senses | 22 | |
6802258473 | Inference | To draw reasonable conclusion from the information presented | 23 | |
6802258474 | Invective | An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language | 24 | |
6802258475 | Irony | The contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant; the difference between what appears to be and what actually is true | 25 | |
6802258476 | Verbal irony | The words literally state the opposite of the writers or speakers true meaning | 26 | |
6802258477 | Situational irony | Events turn out the opposite of what was expected | 27 | |
6802258478 | Dramatic irony | Facts or events are unknown to a character in a play or piece of fiction but known to the reader, audience, or other characters in the work | 28 | |
6802258480 | Metaphor | A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other | 29 | |
6802258482 | Mood | The overall feel of the writing (created by writer; determined by reader) | 30 | |
6802258486 | Narrative | The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events | 31 | |
6802258487 | Onomatopoeia | A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words | 32 | |
6802258488 | Oxymoron | From the Greek for "pointedly foolish" a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. Example: Jumbo Shrimp | 33 | |
6802258489 | Paradox | A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense, but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity | 34 | |
6802258490 | Parallelism | Refers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity; structuring in generally same way to link them all | 35 | |
6802258491 | Parody | A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. It distorts or exaggerates distinctive features of the original | 36 | |
6802258494 | Point of view | The perspective from which a story is told | 37 | |
6802258495 | First-person narrator | Tells the story with the first-person pronoun "I" and is a character in the story. | 38 | |
6802258496 | Third person narrator | Relates the events with the third person pronouns, "he, she it" | 39 | |
6802258497 | Third person omniscient | the narrator, with god-like knowledge, presents the thoughts and actions of any or all characters | 40 | |
6802258498 | Third person limited omniscient | Presents the feelings and thoughts of only the actions of all remaining characters | 41 | |
6802258501 | Prose | One of the major divisions of genre, refers to fiction and nonfiction, because they are written in ordinary language and most closely resemble everyday speech | 42 | |
6802258502 | Repetition | The duplication, either exact or approximate of any element of language | 43 | |
6802258503 | Rhetoric | From the Greek "orator" describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively | 44 | |
6802258504 | Rhetorical modes | Describes the variety, the conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing | 45 | |
6802258506 | Argumentation | To prove the validity of an idea, point of view, by presenting sound reasoning | 46 | |
6802258507 | Sarcasm | Bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something | 47 | |
6802258508 | Satire | A work that targets human vices and follies, or social institutions or conventions for reform or ridicule | 48 | |
6802258509 | Style | An author's sum of choices that he or she makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices | 49 | |
6802258513 | Symbol | Anything that represents or stands for something else | 50 | |
6802258514 | Natural symbols | Use objects and occurrences from nature to represent ideas commonly associated with them I.e. Dawn and new beginnings | 51 | |
6802258515 | Conventional symbols | Those that have been invested with meaning by a group i.e. Star of David | 52 | |
6802258516 | Literary symbols | They are found in a variety of literature and are generally recognized i.e. whale in Moby Dick | 53 | |
6802258517 | Syntax | The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences | 54 | |
6802258518 | Theme | The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers to life | 55 | |
6802258519 | Thesis | Statement that is a sentence that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or preposition | 56 | |
6802258520 | Tone | Describes the author's attitude toward his or her material or the audience | 57 | |
6802258521 | Transition | A word or phrase that links different ideas | 58 | |
6802258522 | Understatement | The ironic minimalizing of fact, presenting something less significant than it actually is. Makes a work humorous and emphatic;A statement that lacks emphasis and is given less force than normal. | 59 | |
6802258523 | Wit | intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights | 60 | |
6802258524 | Attitude | A writer's intellectual position or emotion regarding the subject of the writing (related to tone) | 61 | |
6802258525 | Concrete detail | A non abstract detail asked on essay portion | 62 | |
6802258526 | Descriptive detail | Detail appealing to the visual sense of the reader | 63 | |
6802258527 | Devices | The figures of speech, syntax, diction, and other stylistic elements that collectively produce a particular artistic effect | 64 | |
6802258528 | Language | how the elements of this combine to form a whole (diction, syntax, figurative language, etc) | 65 | |
6802258531 | Persuasive devices | The words in the passage that have strong connotations hint at this. Words that intensify the emotional effect | 66 | |
6802258532 | Persuasive essay | An essay that leads to appeal to the audience's emotion or ethical standards to make them feel or support the author's position | 67 | |
6802258534 | Rhetorical features | Refers to how a passage is constructed. Look at the passage's organization and how the writer combines images, details, or arguments | 68 | |
6802258535 | Sentence structure | The type of sentences the author uses; the simple, compound, complex types of this | 69 | |
6802258537 | Hyperbole | A non-literal exaggeration to emphasize something. | 70 | |
6802258539 | Antithesis | A structure that places contrasting ideas next to each other. | 71 | |
6802258541 | Rhetorical Question | A question that is asked to create an effect, not really to be answered. | 72 | |
6802258544 | Simile | A figure of speech using "like" or "as" to compare two thing somewhat alike. | 73 | |
6802258545 | Metaphor | (Similar to simile) Speaking of something as though it were another. | 74 | |
6802258549 | Climax | Organizing ideas in writing from least to most important. | 75 | |
6802258550 | Parallelism | Structuring multiple sentences, generally the same way, to link them all. | 76 | |
6802258552 | Anadiplosis | (Form of repetition) Repeating the last word of a phrase or sentence near the beginning of the next. | 77 | |
6802258558 | Epithet | Adding a descriptive adjective to a noun to evoke an idea or emotion. | 78 | |
6802258565 | Anaphora | The use of the same word or phrase at the beginning of each phrase or sentence. | 79 | |
6802258566 | Epistrophe | (Similar to anaphora) The use of the same word or phrase at the end of each phrase or sentence. | 80 | |
6802258569 | Personification | Giving human-like traits to something not human. | 81 | |
6802258574 | Equivocation | A fallacy that uses a word with two meanings but concludes the word to have only one meaning. | 82 | |
6802258576 | Red Herring | A remark that distracts or sidetracks from the original subject of argument. | 83 | |
6802258577 | Straw Man | A fallacy that attacks the weaker side of the argument and not the issue at hand. | 84 | |
6802258579 | Persona | A voice or mask that is used with acting or speaking that the person uses for a particular reason. | 85 | |
6802258580 | Absolute | A word free from limitations or qualifications | 86 | |
6802258582 | Archetype | A detail, image, or character type that appears frequently in literature and is thought to appeal in a universal way | 87 | |
6802258584 | Cliche' | An expression that has been overused to the extent that its freshness has worn off | 88 | |
6802258585 | Colloquialism | A word or phrase (including slang) used in everyday conversation and informal writing but that is often inappropriate in formal writing (y'all, ain't) | 89 | |
6802258586 | Complex sentence | A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause | 90 | |
6802258587 | Compound sentence | Contains at least two independent clauses but no dependent clauses. | 91 | |
6802258590 | Dialect | A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation. | 92 | |
6802258591 | Dilemma | a difficult or perplexing situation or problem requiring a person to decide between two equally attractive or unattractive alternatives | 93 | |
6802258592 | Dissonance | harsh, inharmonious sounds | 94 | |
6802258593 | Elegy | a sorrowful formal poem or speech about death or another solemn theme | 95 | |
6802258594 | Ellipsis | Indicated by a series of three periods, the __ indicates that some material has been omitted from a given text. | 96 | |
6802258595 | Epic | A long narrative poem, written in heightened language, which recounts the deeds of a heroic character who embodies the values of a particular society | 97 | |
6802258596 | Epigram | A brief witty poem, often satirical. | 98 | |
6802258597 | Epigraph | a saying or statement on a title page of a work, or used as a heading for a chapter or other section of a work | 99 | |
6802258598 | Epiphany | A moment of sudden revelation or insight | 100 | |
6802258599 | Epitaph | a brief statement written on a tomb or gravestone | 101 | |
6802258600 | Eulogy | a speech honoring the dead | 102 | |
6802258601 | Exclamatory sentence | A sentence expressing strong feeling, usually punctuated with an exclamation mark | 103 | |
6802258602 | Expletive | an interjection to lend emphasis; often a profanity | 104 | |
6802258603 | Fable | A brief story that leads to a moral, often using animals as characters | 105 | |
6802258604 | Fantasy | A story including elements that are impossible or make-believe. | 106 | |
6802258605 | Flashback | A method of narration in which present action is temporarily interrupted so that the reader can witness past events | 107 | |
6802258606 | Flat character | A character who is not well-developed, but rather one-dimensional ; he/she has only one or two personality traits | 108 | |
6802258607 | Foreshadowing | A narrative device that hints at coming events; often builds suspense or anxiety in the reader. | 109 | |
6802258610 | Hypothetical question | a question that asks how a respondent might react in a given situation | 110 | |
6802258611 | Idiom | A common, often used expression that doesn't make sense if you take it literally. | 111 | |
6802258612 | Implication | A suggestion an author or speaker makes (implies) without stating it directly. NOTE: the author/sender implies; the reader/audience infers. | 112 | |
6802258613 | Jargon | specialized technical terminology; a characteristic language of a particular group | 113 | |
6802258614 | Juxtaposition | Placement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts | 114 | |
6802258615 | Legend | A narrative story about mythical or supernatural beings or events handed down from the past | 115 | |
6802258616 | Limerick | A five line poem in which lines 1, 2 and 5 rhyme and lines 3 and 4 rhyme. | 116 | |
6802258620 | Motif | A recurring element, such as an image, theme, or type of incident. | 117 | |
6802258621 | Motivation | A character's incentive or reason for behaving in a certain manner; that which impels a character to act | 118 | |
6802258622 | Myth | a traditional story where supernatural characters and events are used to explain a natural event | 119 | |
6802258623 | Non sequitur | An argument where claim, reasons and warrants don't connect logically, and one point doesn't follow another. | 120 | |
6802258625 | Pathos | Appeal to emotion | 121 | |
6802258626 | Logos | Appeal to logic; facts | 122 | |
6802258627 | Ethos | Appeal to ethics; credibility | 123 | |
6802258629 | Pun | Play on words; achieved through the use of words with similar sounds but different meanings | 124 | |
6802258630 | Resolution | Also called the denouement, this is the final stage in the plot of a drama or work of fiction. Here the action comes to an end and remaining loose ends are tied up. | 125 | |
6802258631 | Round character | A character who demonstrates some complexity and who develops or changes in the course of a work | 126 | |
6802258633 | Scapegoat | a person or thing carrying the blame for others | 127 | |
6802258634 | Simple sentence | A sentence consisting of one independent clause and no dependent clause | 128 | |
6802258636 | Structure | Arrangement of parts | 129 |
AP Language and Composition Terms Flashcards
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