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AP Language and Composition Terms Flashcards

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14579181399Alliterationthe occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words ex: Slithering Snake0
14579181400Allusionan expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference. ex. "Don't act like a Romeo in front of her."1
14579181401Anadiplosisrepetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause ex. grief leads to ANGER, ANGER leads to grief2
14579181402Anaphorarepetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines ex. I DO NOT KNOW who I am, I DO NOT KNOW where I am, I DO NOT KNOW what I am3
14579181403AnastropheInversion of the usual, normal, or logical order of the parts of a sentence ex. yoda! "you wish for life eternal"4
14579181404Antimetabolerepetition of words, in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order ex. fair is foul and foul is fair5
14579181405Antithesisthe direct opposite, a sharp contrast (in ideas or actual things) ex. "you see with such color, yet your views are black and white"6
14579181406AphorismA brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life. ex. A barking dog never bites7
14579181407ApostropheA figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. ex. Mark Antony's address to the dead Caesar in Julius Caesar8
14579181408Appositiona word or phrase placed next to another word in order to define or identify it ex. "No one, not a SINGLE PERSON, comforted him"9
14579181409AssonanceRepetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity ex. Men sell the wedding bells10
14579181410Asyndetonomission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words ex. I came, I saw, I conquered11
14579181411Circumlocutionan indirect way of expressing something; talking in circles ex. the elongated yellow fruit-banana12
14579181412ClimaxMost exciting moment of the story; turning point ex. Murder of Simon in Lord of the Flies13
14579181413ConsonanceRepetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity ex. All's well that ends well14
14579181414Denotation and Connotationthe dictionary definition of a word/the associated feelings a word may call to mind ex. dalia- flower of Mexico or beauty15
14579181415DictionA writer's or speaker's choice of words ex. "casualties" vs "deaths"16
14579181416Ellipsisthe omission of a word or phrase which is grammatically necessary but can be deduced from the context ex. "I love coffee, my cat, and netflix"17
14579181417Epanalepsisdevice of repetition in which the same expression is repeated both at the beginning and at the end of the line ex. "COMMON sense is not so COMMON."18
14579181418EpistropheRepetition of the same word or group of words at the ends of successive clauses ex. "I hate the feeling of ANGER, the sight of ANGER, and the consequences of ANGER"19
14579181419Euphemisman inoffensive expression that is substituted for one that is considered offensive ex. passed away vs died20
14579181420Extended metaphorA comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of sentences or lines ex. "All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players; they have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts,"21
14579181421Figures of speechThe various uses of language that depart from customary construction, order, or significance ex. metaphors, similes, personification22
14579181422ForeshadowingA narrative device that hints at coming events; often builds suspense or anxiety in the reader ex. killing of pigs in lotf hinted at piggy's death23
14579181423Hyperboleexaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally ex. "I could eat a horse"24
14579181424ImageryDescription that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste) ex. The apple pie that sat on the windowsill was crisp and golden, the smell of cinnamon and apples wafted through the air25
14579181425Verbal ironyA figure of speech in which what is said is the opposite of what is meant; sarcasm ex. "The rotten trash needs to go outside because it smells so unbelievably good."26
14579181426Situational ironyAn outcome that turns out to be very different from what was expected ex. When a fire station burns down27
14579181427Dramatic ironyWhen a reader is aware of something that a character isn't ex. Two people are engaged to be married but the audience knows that the man is planning to run away with another woman28
14579181428Malapropismthe unintentional misuse of a word by confusion with one that sounds similar "Our watch, sir, have indeed comprehended two AUSPICIOUS persons."29
14579181429MetaphorA comparison without using like or as ex. The snow is a white blanket30
14579181430MoodFeeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader ex. Mysterious: "Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary"31
14579181431Motivationthe reason or reasons one has for acting or behaving in a particular way ex. Bill Gates donates a lot of money to charity because hes nice and has a lot of money32
14579181432Narrationwriting that tells a story ex. Little Red Riding Hood33
14579181433OnomatopoeiaA word that imitates the sound it represents. ex. meow, woof, moo34
14579181434OxymoronA figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase ex. deafening silence35
14579181435ParadoxA statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth. ex. he worked hard at being lazy36
14579181436Parallelismsimilarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses ex. like father, like son37
14579181437Periphrasissubstitution of a descriptive word or phrase for a proper name or of a proper name for a quality associated with the name ex. In the TV show "Dinosaurs" the infant dino called his father, "Not-the-Mama."38
14579181438PersonificationA figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes ex. Lightning danced across the sky39
14579181439PlotSequence of events in a story ex. exposition---rising action---climax---falling action---resolution40
14579181440Point of viewthe perspective from which a story is told ex. "I", "you", "she"41
14579181441PolysyndetonThe deliberate use of a series of conjunctions. ex. She ran AND ran AND ran42
14579181442ProsodyThe patterns of rhythm and sound used in poetry ex. ABCB in Ballads43
14579181443ProtagonistThe main character ex. Scout in tkam44
14579181444Puna humorous play on words ex. "I know its cheesy, but I feel grate"45
14579181445RepetitionRepeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis ex. "Let it snow, let it snow, let it snow."46
14579181446Rhetorical questionA question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer ex. "What business is it of yours?"47
14579181447RhymeRepetition of sounds at the end of words ex. Little Bo BEEP lost her SHEEP48
14579181448Sarcasmharsh, cutting language or tone intended to ridicule ex, "Nice perfume. Must you marinate in it?"49
14579179975Satirethe use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues ex. almost any late night shows (SNL)50
14579179976SettingThe time and place of a story ex. lotf- on an island, in the middle of war51
14579179977Shift or Turna change or movement in a piece resulting from an epiphany, realization, or insight gained by the speaker, a character, or the reader ex. Luke Skywalker finds out thag Darth Vader is his dad52
14579179978SimileA comparison using "like" or "as" ex. She hung her head like a dying flower53
14579179979Sound Deviceselements of literature that emphasize sound ex. alliteration, onomatopoeia, assonance54
14579179980Structurethe arrangement or framework of a sentence, paragraph, or entire work ex, haiku- 5 7 555
14579179981Stylethe choices a writer makes; the combination of distinctive features of a literary work ex. E.E. Cummings' literature56
14579179982Suspensea state or feeling of excited or anxious uncertainty about what may happen. ex. the clock ticked, continuously57
14579179983SymbolA thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract ex. Tim Johnson and racism58
14579179984Synecdochea figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa ex. "all hands on deck"59
14579179985SyntaxThe arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language ex. sequence in sentences (Subject, Verb, Object)60
14579179986Themean underlying message about life or human nature that a writer wants the reader to understand ex. Tortoiseband the Rabbit- don't underestimate your opponents61
14579179987ToneAttitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character ex. playful :) , serious :| , frustration >:|62
14579179988Understatement (litotes)The presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is ex. "It isn't very serious. I have this tiny little tumor on the brain"63

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