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AP Language and Composition Terms Flashcards

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14781589514analogyexplaining something complex by comparing it to something simple0
14781590974argumentcombination of reasons, evidence, etc that an author uses to convince an audience of their position1
14781593202aristotelian appealsthree different methods of appealing to an audience to convince them--ethos, logos, and pathos2
14781599718attitudethe writer's personal views or feelings about the subject at hand3
14781601811audiencewho the author is directing his or her message towards4
14781604138compare and contrastdiscussing the similarities and differences between two things to some persuasive or illustrative purpose5
14781608554connotationthe implied meaning of a word; words can broadly have positive, negative, or neutral connotations6
14781611328contextthe extra-textual environment in which the text is being delivered.7
14781620027counterargumentthe argument(s) against the author's position8
14781622066deductive reasoninga form of logical reasoning wherein a general principle is applied to a specific case9
14781624585denotationthe literal, dictionary-definition meaning of a word10
14781626596dictionthe style of language used; generally tailored to be approprate to the audience and situation11
14781628840ethossetting up a source as credible and trustworthy12
14781631046evidencethe information presented meant to persuade the audience of the author's position13
14781634580figurative languagethe use of language in a non-literal way; i.e. metaphor, simile, etc.14
14781638370genrethe specific type of work being presented15
14781641008imageryany descriptive language used to evoke a vivid sense or image of something; includes figurative language16
14781643223implicationwhen something is suggested without being concretely stated17
14781644581inductive reasoningmaking a generalization based on specific evidence at hand18
14781646872ironyat the most basic sense, saying the opposite of what you mean; also used to describe situations in which the results of an action are dramatically different than intended19
14795015252juxtapositionplacing two very different things together for effect20
14795016881logosappealing to someone's sense of concrete facts and logic21
14795016882occasionthe reason or moment for writing or speaking22
14795020584organizationhow the different parts of an argument are arranged in a piece of writing or speech23
14795023279pathosan aristotelian appeal. involves appealing to someone's emotions24
14795024936purposethe author's persuasive intention25
14795026020repetitionreusing a word or phrase repeatedly for effect or emphasis26
14795027555rhetoricthe use of spoken or written word (or a visual medium) to convey your ideas and convince an audience27
14795033936rhetorical trianglethe relationship between the author, the audience, the text/message, and the context28
14795036247speakerthe persona adopted by the author to deliver his or her message; may or may not actually be the same person as the author29
14795038725stylethe author's own personal approach to rhetoric in the piece; similar to voice30
14795043115symbolismusing a symbol to refer to an idea or concept31
14795208063syntaxthe way sentences are grammatically structured32
14795209695synthesiscombining sources or ideas in a coherent way in the purpose of a larger point33
14795211358themesoverarching ideas or driving premises of a work34
14795212999tonethe use of stylistic devices to reveal an author's attitude toward a subject35
14795215682voicean author's unique sound. similar to style36
14795218789anecdoteoffering a brief narrative episode. this device can serve many functions in a text-- for example, introducing an issue, serving as evidence, to illustrate a point, and so on37
14795222697concessionagreeing with the opposing viewpoint on a certain smaller point (but not in the larger argument)38
14795241305didactica text with an instructive purpose, often moral39
14795243514euphemismreferring to something with a veiled phrase instead of saying it directly40
14795245495exemplificationproviding examples in service of a point41
14795247211parallelismrepeated structural elements in a sentence42
14795253917synechdochereferring to one part of something as a way to refer to the whole43

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