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| 13697858247 | Rhetoric | The art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques. | 0 | |
| 13697858248 | Argument | A reason or set of reasons given with the aim of persuading others that an action or idea is right or wrong. | 1 | |
| 13697858249 | Logic | Reasoning conducted or assessed according to strict principles of validity. | 2 | |
| 13697858250 | Deductive Reasoning | A logical process in which a conclusion is based on the concordance of multiple premises that are generally assumed to be true. | 3 | |
| 13697858251 | Syllogism | An instance of a form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn (whether validly or not) from two given or assumed propositions (premises), each of which shares a term with the conclusion, and shares a common or middle term not present in the conclusion (e.g., all dogs are animals; all animals have four legs; therefore all dogs have four legs ). | 4 | |
| 13697858252 | Premise | A previous statement or proposition from which another is inferred or follows as a conclusion. | 5 | |
| 13697858253 | Major Premise | The premise of a syllogism that contains the major term (which is the predicate of the conclusion). | 6 | |
| 13697858254 | Minor Premise | The premise of a syllogism that contains the minor term (which is the subject of the conclusion). | 7 | |
| 13697858255 | Conclusion | The end or finish, usually used to summarize. | 8 | |
| 13697858256 | Inductive Reasoning | A logical process in which multiple premises, all believed true or found true most of the time, are combined to obtain a specific conclusion. Inductive reasoning is often used in applications that involve prediction, forecasting, or behavior. | 9 | |
| 13697858257 | Inductive Leap | Bridging the gap that exists between your specific observations and your general conclusions. Making a jump from a specific observation to a general conclusion. | 10 | |
| 13697858258 | Jumping to a conclusion | A psychological term referring to a communication obstacle where one "judge[s] or decide[s] something without having all the facts; to reach unwarranted conclusions". | 11 | |
| 13697858259 | Hypothesis | A supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation. | 12 | |
| 13697858260 | Claim | An assertion of the truth of something, typically one that is disputed or in doubt. | 13 | |
| 13697858261 | Grounds | a rational motive, basis for a belief or conviction, for an action taken, such as a legal action or argument; reason or cause. It is the foundation or basis on which knowledge, belief, or conviction rests. | 14 | |
| 13697858262 | Support/Evidence/Data | The available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid. | 15 | |
| 13697858263 | Warrant | Justify or necessitate (a certain course of action). | 16 | |
| 13697858264 | Inference | A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning. | 17 | |
| 13697858265 | Backing | Support or evidence for a claim in an argument. | 18 | |
| 13697858266 | Logical Fallacies | Common errors in reasoning that will undermine the logic of your argument. Fallacies can be either illegitimate arguments or irrelevant points, and are often identified because they lack evidence that supports their claim. | 19 | |
| 13697858267 | Begging the Question | A logical fallacy in which the writer or speaker assumes the statement under examination to be true. In other words, begging the question involves using a premise to support itself. If the premise is questionable, then the argument is bad. | 20 | |
| 13697858268 | Argument from Analogy (False analogy) | In an analogy, two objects (or events), A and B are shown to be similar. Then it is argued that since A has property P, so also B must have property P. An analogy fails when the two objects, A and B, are different in a way which affects whether they both have property P. | 21 | |
| 13697858269 | Personal Attack (Ad Hominen) | An argumentative strategy whereby an argument is rebutted by attacking the character, motive, or other attribute of the person making the argument, or persons associated with the argument. | 22 | |
| 13697858270 | Hasty or Sweeping Generalization | An informal fallacy of faulty generalization by reaching an inductive generalization based on insufficient evidence. | 23 | |
| 13697858271 | False Dilemma (Either/Or Fallacy) | A false dilemma is a type of informal fallacy in which something is falsely claimed to be an "either/or" situation, when in fact there is at least one additional option. ... The opposite of this fallacy is false compromise. | 24 | |
| 13697858272 | Equivocation | the use of ambiguous language to conceal the truth or to avoid committing oneself; prevarication | 25 | |
| 13697858273 | Red Herring | Red herring is a kind of fallacy that is an irrelevant topic introduced in an argument to divert the attention of listeners or readers from the original issue. In literature, this fallacy is often used in detective or suspense novels to mislead readers or characters, or to induce them to make false conclusions. | 26 | |
| 13697858274 | You Also (Tu quoque) | Claiming the argument is flawed by pointing out that the one making the argument is not acting consistently with the claims of the argument. (Hypocrisy) | 27 | |
| 13697858275 | Appeal to Doubtful Authority | Using an authority as evidence in your argument when the authority is not really an authority on the facts relevant to the argument. As the audience, allowing an irrelevant authority to add credibility to the claim being made. | 28 | |
| 13697858276 | Misleading Statistics | While numbers don't lie, they can in fact be used to mislead with half-truths. This is known as the "misuse of statistics." It is often assumed that statistical misuse is limited to those individuals or companies seeking to gain profit from distorting the truth, be it economics, education or mass media. | 29 | |
| 13697858277 | False Cause (Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc) | Post hoc ergo propter hoc (Latin: "after this, therefore because of this") is a logical fallacy that states "Since event Y followed event X, event Y must have been caused by event X." It is often shortened simply to post hoc fallacy. | 30 | |
| 13697858278 | Non Sequitur | a conclusion or statement that does not logically follow from the previous argument or statement. | 31 | |
| 13697858279 | Bandwagon/Ad Populum | Argumentum ad Populum (popular appeal or appeal to the majority): The fallacy of attempting to win popular assent to a conclusion by arousing the feeling and enthusiasms of the multitude. There are several variations of this fallacy, but we will emphasize two forms. | 32 | |
| 13697858280 | Straw Man | an intentionally misrepresented proposition that is set up because it is easier to defeat than an opponent's real argument. | 33 | |
| 13697858281 | slippery slope | A slippery slope argument (SSA), in logic, critical thinking, political rhetoric, and caselaw, is a consequentialist logical device in which a party asserts that a relatively small first step leads to a chain of related events culminating in some significant (usually negative) effect. | 34 | |
| 13697858282 | Ethos | Ethos is an appeal to ethics, and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader. | 35 | |
| 13697858283 | Pathos | Pathos is an appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response. | 36 | |
| 13697858284 | Logos | Logos is a Greek word meaning "logic." Logos is a literary device that can be defined as a statement, sentence, or argument used to convince or persuade the targeted audience by employing reason or logic. In everyday life, arguments depend upon pathos and ethos besides logos. | 37 | |
| 13697858285 | Valid/Sound | Validity and Soundness. A deductive argument is said to be valid if and only if it takes a form that makes it impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion nevertheless to be false. Otherwise, a deductive argument is said to be invalid. An argument is sound if it is true. | 38 | |
| 13697858286 | Invalid/Unsound | Opposite of valid/sound. | 39 | |
| 13697858287 | Concession | Concession is a literary device used in argumentative writing, where one acknowledges a point made by one's opponent. It allows for different opinions and approaches toward an issue, indicating an understanding of what causes the actual debate or controversy. | 40 | |
| 13697858288 | Counter argument | A counter argument is a viewpoint that opposes your main argument. Counterarguments are part of good persuasive writing and speaking strategy because they show that you've considered other points of view. They also set up the chance to refute the opposition and show why your position is the right one to have. | 41 | |
| 13697858289 | Refutation | The literary term refutation refers to that part of an argument where a speaker or a writer encounters contradicting points of view. Alternatively, refutation can be described as the negation of an argument, opinion, testimony, doctrine, or theory, through contradicting evidence. | 42 | |
| 13697858290 | Persuasion | Persuasion is a literary technique that writers use to present their ideas through reason and logic, in order to influence the audience. Persuasion may simply use an argument to persuade the readers, or sometimes may persuade readers to perform a certain action. | 43 | |
| 13697921002 | Tone | A writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels. | 44 | |
| 13697858291 | Poignant | Evoking a keen sense of sadness or regret. | 45 | |
| 13697858292 | Patronizing | Treat with an apparent kindness that betrays a feeling of superiority. | 46 | |
| 13697858293 | Incredulous | (Of a person or their manner) unwilling or unable to believe something. | 47 | |
| 13697858294 | Forthright | (of a person or their manner or speech) direct and outspoken; straightforward and honest. "his most forthright attack yet on the reforms". | 48 | |
| 13697858295 | Unabashed | not embarrassed, disconcerted, or ashamed. | 49 | |
| 13697858296 | Wry | using or expressing dry, especially mocking, humor. | 50 | |
| 13697858297 | Pretentious | attempting to impress by affecting greater importance, talent, culture, etc., than is actually possessed. | 51 | |
| 13697858298 | Brazen | bold and without shame. | 52 | |
| 13697858299 | Ambivalent | having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas about something or someone. "some loved her, some hated her, few were ambivalent about her" | 53 | |
| 13697858300 | Incensed | very angry; enraged. | 54 | |
| 13697858301 | Pragmatic | dealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than theoretical considerations. | 55 | |
| 13697858302 | Reticent | not revealing one's thoughts or feelings readily. | 56 | |
| 13697858303 | Indignant | feeling or showing anger or annoyance at what is perceived as unfair treatment. | 57 | |
| 13697858304 | Contemptuous | showing contempt; scornful. | 58 | |
| 13697858305 | Caustic | sarcastic in a scathing and bitter way. | 59 | |
| 13697858306 | Malicious | characterized by malice; intending or intended to do harm. | 60 | |
| 13697858307 | Didactic | intended to teach, particularly in having moral instruction as an ulterior motive. | 61 | |
| 13697858308 | Seductive | tempting and attractive; enticing | 62 | |
| 13697858309 | Whimsical | playfully quaint or fanciful, especially in an appealing and amusing way. | 63 | |
| 13697858310 | Somber | oppressively solemn or sober in mood; grave. | 64 | |
| 13697858311 | Satiric | relating to the use of humor in showing a fault or problem in society | 65 | |
| 13697858312 | Urgent | earnest and persistent in response to a pressing situation. | 66 | |
| 13697858313 | Mock-heroic | (of a literary work or its style) imitating the style of heroic literature in order to satirize an unheroic subject. | 67 | |
| 13697858314 | diffident | modest or shy because of a lack of self-confidence. | 68 | |
| 13697858315 | Ironic | dealing with the opposite of what is expected | 69 | |
| 13697858316 | Petty | of little importance; trivial. | 70 | |
| 13697858317 | Elegiac | relating to a song or poem expressing sorrow or lamentation especially for one who is dead. | 71 | |
| 13697858318 | Disdainful | showing contempt or lack of respect. | 72 | |
| 13697858319 | Lugubrious | looking or sounding sad and dismal. | 73 | |
| 13697858320 | Pompous | affectedly and irritatingly grand, solemn, or self-important. | 74 | |
| 13697858321 | Insipid | lacking flavor. | 75 | |
| 13697858322 | Impartial | treating all rivals or disputants equally; fair and just. | 76 | |
| 13697858323 | Moralistic | overfond of making moral judgements about others' behavior; too ready to moralize. | 77 | |
| 13697858324 | Taunting | provoke or challenge (someone) with insulting remarks. | 78 | |
| 13697858325 | Turgid | swollen and distended or congested. | 79 | |
| 13697858326 | Sardonic | grimly mocking or cynical. | 80 | |
| 13697858327 | Insolent | showing a rude and arrogant lack of respect. | 81 | |
| 13697858328 | Effusive | expressing feelings of gratitude, pleasure, or approval in an unrestrained or heartfelt manner. | 82 | |
| 13697858329 | Sentimental | of or prompted by feelings of tenderness, sadness, or nostalgia. | 83 | |
| 13697858330 | Contentious | causing or likely to cause an argument; controversial. "a contentious issue" | 84 | |
| 13697858331 | Narcissistic | having an excessive or erotic interest in oneself and one's physical appearance. "a narcissistic actress" | 85 | |
| 13697858332 | Pedantic | Excessively concerned with book learning and formal rules | 86 | |
| 13697858333 | Bantering | talk or exchange remarks in a good-humored teasing way. | 87 | |
| 13697858334 | Flippant | not showing a serious or respectful attitude. | 88 | |
| 13697858335 | Facetious | treating serious issues with deliberately inappropriate humor; flippant. | 89 | |
| 13697858336 | Inflammatory | (especially of speech or writing) arousing or intended to arouse angry or violent feelings. | 90 | |
| 13697858337 | Cynical | believing that people are motivated by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity. "her cynical attitude" | 91 | |
| 13697858338 | Incisive | (of an account) accurate and sharply focused. | 92 | |
| 13697858339 | Scornful | feeling or expressing contempt or derision. "the justices have been scornful of the government's conduct" | 93 | |
| 13697858340 | Irreverent | showing a lack of respect for people or things that are generally taken seriously. | 94 | |
| 13697858341 | Esoteric | intended for or likely to be understood by only a small number of people with a specialized knowledge or interest. | 95 | |
| 13697858342 | Vulgar | lacking sophistication or good taste; unrefined. | 96 | |
| 13697858343 | Trite | (of a remark, opinion, or idea) overused and consequently of little import; lacking originality or freshness. | 97 | |
| 13697858344 | Obscure | not clearly expressed or easily understood. | 98 | |
| 13697858345 | Provincial | of or concerning a province of a country or empire. "provincial elections" | 99 | |
| 13697858346 | Precise | marked by exactness and accuracy of expression or detail. | 100 | |
| 13697858347 | Euphemistic | using or of the nature of a euphemism. | 101 | |
| 13697858348 | Bombastic | high-sounding but with little meaning; inflated. | 102 | |
| 13697858349 | Grotesque | comically or repulsively ugly or distorted. | 103 | |
| 13697858350 | Concrete | specific; definite. | 104 | |
| 13697858351 | Detached | separate or disconnected, in particular. | 105 | |
| 13697858352 | Burlesque | an absurd or comically exaggerated imitation of something, especially in a literary or dramatic work; a parody. | 106 | |
| 13697858353 | Mock-serious | of a pretended serious look or act; also written [ mock serious ] | 107 | |
| 13697858354 | Vibrant | full of energy and enthusiasm. | 108 | |
| 13697858355 | Austere | severe or strict in manner, attitude, or appearance. | 109 | |
| 13697858356 | Credulous | having or showing too great a readiness to believe things. | 110 | |
| 13697858357 | Fatuous | silly and pointless. | 111 | |
| 13697858358 | Haughty | arrogantly superior and disdainful. | 112 | |
| 13697858359 | Audacious | showing a willingness to take surprisingly bold risks. | 113 | |
| 13698052252 | Inane | silly, empty of meaning or value | 114 | |
| 13697858360 | Naïve | showing a lack of experience, wisdom, or judgment. | 115 | |
| 13697858361 | Imperious | assuming power or authority without justification; arrogant and domineering. | 116 | |
| 13697858362 | Candid | truthful and straightforward; frank. | 117 | |
| 13697858363 | Resentful | feeling or expressing bitterness or indignation at having been treated unfairly. | 118 | |
| 13697858364 | Belligerent | hostile and aggressive. | 119 | |
| 13697858365 | Cautionary | serving as a warning. | 120 | |
| 13697858366 | Demeaning | cause a severe loss in the dignity of and respect for (someone or something). | 121 | |
| 13697858367 | Placating | make (someone) less angry or hostile. | 122 | |
| 13697858368 | Befuddled | make (someone) unable to think clearly. | 123 | |
| 13697858369 | Condescending | show feelings of superiority; be patronizing. | 124 | |
| 13697858370 | Sulking | be silent, morose, and bad-tempered out of annoyance or disappointment. | 125 | |
| 13697858371 | Fawning | displaying exaggerated flattery or affection; obsequious. "fawning adoration" | 126 | |
| 13697858372 | Optimistic | hopeful and confident about the future. | 127 | |
| 13697858373 | Jaded | tired, bored, or lacking enthusiasm, typically after having had too much of something. | 128 | |
| 13697858374 | Ardent | enthusiastic or passionate. | 129 | |
| 13697858375 | Scathing | witheringly scornful; severely critical. | 130 | |
| 13697858376 | Unassuming | not pretentious or arrogant; modest. | 131 | |
| 13697858377 | Solemn | formal and dignified. | 132 | |
| 13697858378 | Pensive | engaged in, involving, or reflecting deep or serious thought. | 133 | |
| 13697858379 | Callous | showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others. | 134 | |
| 13697858380 | Abstruse | difficult to understand; obscure. | 135 | |
| 13697858381 | Conciliatory | intended or likely to placate or pacify. | 136 | |
| 13697858382 | Disparaging | expressing the opinion that something is of little worth; derogatory. | 137 | |
| 13697858383 | Obsequious | obedient or attentive to an excessive or servile degree. | 138 | |
| 13697858384 | Nostalgic | characterized by or exhibiting feelings of nostalgia. | 139 | |
| 13697858385 | Benevolent | well meaning and kindly. | 140 | |
| 13697858386 | Remorseful | filled with remorse; sorry. | 141 | |
| 13697858387 | Apathetic | showing or feeling no interest, enthusiasm, or concern. | 142 | |
| 13697858389 | Imagery | Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste) | 143 | |
| 13698090222 | Irony | the use of words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of its literal meaning | 144 | |
| 13697858390 | Detail | Facts revealed by the author or speaker that support the attitude or tone in the work | 145 | |
| 13697858388 | Diction | the choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing. | 146 | |
| 13697858391 | Connotation | an idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning. | 147 | |
| 13697858392 | Denotation | The dictionary definition of a word | 148 | |
| 13697858393 | Monosyllabic | (of a word or utterance) consisting of one syllable. | 149 | |
| 13697858394 | Polysyllabic | (of a word) having more than one syllable. | 150 | |
| 13697858395 | Euphonious | (of sound, especially speech) pleasing to the ear. | 151 | |
| 13697858396 | Cacophonous | involving or producing a harsh, discordant mixture of sounds. | 152 | |
| 13697858397 | Colloquial | (of language) used in ordinary or familiar conversation; not formal or literary. | 153 | |
| 13697858398 | Formal | done in accordance with rules of convention or etiquette; suitable for or constituting an official or important situation or occasion. | 154 | |
| 13697858399 | Informal | having a relaxed, friendly, or unofficial style, manner, or nature. "an informal atmosphere" | 155 | |
| 13697858400 | Concrete | (of a noun) denoting a material object as opposed to an abstract quality, state, or action. | 156 | |
| 13697858401 | Abstract | existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence. | 157 | |
| 13697858402 | Personification | the attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form. | 158 | |
| 13697858415 | Apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. | 159 | |
| 13697858403 | Simile | a figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid (e.g., as brave as a lion, crazy like a fox ). | 160 | |
| 13697858404 | Synecdoche | a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa, as in Cleveland won by six runs (meaning "Cleveland's baseball team"). | 161 | |
| 13697858405 | Metonymy | the substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant, for example suit for business executive, or the track for horse racing. | 162 | |
| 13697858406 | Metaphor | a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable. | 163 | |
| 13697858407 | Paradox | a seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true. | 164 | |
| 13697858408 | Oxymoron | a figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction (e.g., faith unfaithful kept him falsely true ). | 165 | |
| 13697858409 | Understatement | the presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is. "a master of English understatement" | 166 | |
| 13697858410 | Meiosis | a diction-based rhetorical strategy that ironically minimizes a fact for humor or emphasis; antonym of hyperbole. | 167 | |
| 13697858411 | Allusion | A reference to a well-known person, place, event, literary work, or work of art | 168 | |
| 13697858412 | Euphemism | a mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing. | 169 | |
| 13697858413 | Litotes | ironic understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary (e.g., you won't be sorry, meaning you'll be glad ). | 170 | |
| 13697858414 | Idiom/cliché | Clichés and idioms are both phrases used in our everyday language. An idiom is a phrase or term used in a nonstandard way. A cliché is a common phrase or an expression which has been used so many times since it first originated that with the changing times and its overuse, it has lost its true meaning. | 171 | |
| 13698170115 | Syntax | The arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language. | 172 | |
| 13697858416 | Zeugma/syllepsis | a figure of speech in which a word applies to two others in different senses (e.g., John and his license expired last week) (e.g., caught the train and a bad cold) or to two others of which it semantically suits only one (e.g., with weeping eyes and hearts). or to two others of which it grammatically suits only one (e.g., neither they nor it is working). | 173 | |
| 13697858436 | Telegraphic sentence | A sentence shorter than five words in length. | 174 | |
| 13697858437 | Short Sentence | approximately 5 words in length | 175 | |
| 13698669653 | Medium sentence | Approximately 18 words in length | 176 | |
| 13698675831 | long and involved sentence | 30 words or more in length | 177 | |
| 13697858421 | Parallel structure | Parallel structure (also called parallelism) is the repetition of a chosen grammatical form within a sentence. By making each compared item or idea in your sentence follow the same grammatical pattern, you create a parallel construction. | 178 | |
| 13697858419 | Antimetabole | Antimetabole is a literary and rhetorical device in which a phrase or sentence is repeated, but in reverse order. Writers or speakers use antimetabole for effect--calling attention to the words, or demonstrating that reality is not always what it seems by using the reversal of words. | 179 | |
| 13697858420 | Chiasmus | a rhetorical or literary figure in which words, grammatical constructions, or concepts are repeated in reverse order, in the same or a modified form; e.g. 'Poetry is the record of the best and happiest moments of the happiest and best minds.' | 180 | |
| 13697858422 | Juxtaposition | two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect. | 181 | |
| 13697858423 | Epiphora | Epiphora is a form of repetition in which a word or group of words is repeated at the end of successive clauses or sentences. The definition of epiphora is the same as that of epistrophe, and also one of the two definitions of antistrophe. | 182 | |
| 13697858424 | Alliteration | the occurrence of the same consonant sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words. | 183 | |
| 13697858425 | Assonance | in poetry, the repetition of the sound of a vowel or diphthong in nonrhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible (e.g., penitence, reticence ). | 184 | |
| 13697858426 | Polysyndeton | Polysyndeton is a literary technique in which conjunctions (e.g. and, but, or) are used repeatedly in quick succession, often with no commas, even when the conjunctions could be removed. | 185 | |
| 13697858427 | Asyndeton | the omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence. | 186 | |
| 13697858428 | Exclamatory sentences | An exclamatory sentence, or exclamation, is a more forceful version of a declarative sentence. In other words, an exclamatory sentence makes a statement (just like a declarative sentence), but it also conveys excitement or emotion. An exclamatory sentence ends with an exclamation mark (!) | 187 | |
| 13697858429 | Declarative sentence | A declarative sentence (also known as a statement) makes a statement and ends with a period. It's named appropriately because it declares or states something. These guys don't ask questions, make commands, or make statements with emotion. | 188 | |
| 13697858430 | Imperative sentence | An imperative sentence gives a command. It usually ends with a period, but it may also end with an exclamation point (!). Commands ask or tell people to do something. | 189 | |
| 13697858432 | Simple Sentence | a sentence consisting of only one clause, with a single subject and predicate. | 190 | |
| 13697858433 | Compound Sentence | a sentence with 2+ independent clauses | 191 | |
| 13697858434 | Complex Sentence | a sentence containing a subordinate clause or clauses--1 Ind. & 1+ Dep. | 192 | |
| 13697858435 | Compound-Complex Sentence | a sentence having two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses. | 193 | |
| 13697858417 | Anaphora | repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or lines | 194 | |
| 13697858418 | Anastrophe | Inversion of the usual, normal, or logical order of the parts of a sentence. Purpose is rhythm or emphasis or euphony. It is a fancy word for inversion. | 195 | |
| 13697858438 | Loose Sentence | A type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses. | 196 | |
| 13697858439 | Periodic Sentence | A periodic sentence has the main clause or predicate at the end. This is used for emphasis and can be persuasive by putting reasons for something at the beginning before the final point is made. It can also create suspense or interest for the reader. | 197 | |
| 13697858440 | Clause/Main/ Independent/Dependent | A dependent clause is a group of words that also contains a subject and a verb, but it is not a complete thought. Because it is not a complete thought, a dependent clause cannot stand on its own as a sentence; it is dependent on being attached to an independent clause to form a sentence. | 198 | |
| 13697858441 | Natural Order Sentence | When the subject of a sentence comes before the verb, the sentence is in natural order. EXAMPLES: The dog ran down the street. When the verb or part of the verb comes before the subject, the sentence is in inverted order. | 199 | |
| 13697858442 | Interrupted Sentence | A sentence with a phrase or clause that interrupts the flow of a sentence and is usually set off by commas, dashes, or parentheses. | 200 | |
| 13697858443 | Balanced Sentence | A balanced sentence is a sentence made up of two parts that are roughly equal in length, importance, and grammatical structure, as in the advertising slogan for KFC: "Buy a bucket of chicken and have a barrel of fun." ... For instance, a balanced sentence that makes a contrast is called antithesis. | 201 | |
| 13697858444 | Inverted Order Sentence | An inverted sentence is a sentence in a normally subject-first language in which the predicate (verb) comes before the subject (noun). Down the street lived the man and his wife without anyone suspecting that they were really spies for a foreign power. | 202 | |
| 13697858445 | Split Order Sentence | sentence that divides the predicate into two parts with the subject coming in the middle | 203 | |
| 13697858446 | First Person | "I" | 204 | |
| 13697858447 | Second Person | "You" | 205 | |
| 13697858448 | Third Person Limited | In third person limited the narrator only knows the thoughts and feelings of one character. All characters are described using pronouns, such as 'they', 'he', and 'she'. But, one character is closely followed throughout the story, and it is typically a main character. | 206 | |
| 13697858449 | Third Person Omniscient | The third-person omniscient point of view is a method of storytelling in which the narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of all of the characters in the story. | 207 | |
| 13697858450 | Innocent Eye | The contrast between what the innocent-eye narrator perceives and what the reader understands may produce an ironic effect. Stream of consciousness (interior monologue) is a narrative method in modern fiction in which the author tells the story through an unbroken flow of thought and awareness. | 208 | |
| 13697858451 | Unreliable narrator | An unreliable narrator is a narrator, whether in literature, film, or theatre, whose credibility has been seriously compromised. The term was coined in 1961 by Wayne C. Booth in The Rhetoric of Fiction. ... Sometimes the narrator's unreliability is made immediately evident. | 209 | |
| 13697858452 | Stream of Consciousness | In literature, stream of consciousness is a method of narration that describes happenings in the flow of thoughts in the minds of the characters. The term was initially coined by psychologist William James in his research, The Principles of Psychology. | 210 | |
| 13697858453 | Bias | prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair. | 211 | |
| 13697858463 | Organization | an organized body of people with a particular purpose, especially a business, society, association, etc. | 212 | |
| 13697858454 | Cause and effect organization | organization that focuses on a situation and its causes or a situation and its effects | 213 | |
| 13697858455 | Chronological order | Use chronological in a sentence. adjective. The definition of chronological is arranged in the order it happened. An example of chronological is a biography that starts in 1920 and goes through 1997. | 214 | |
| 13697858456 | Comparison | Examination of two or more objects with reference to their likeness or unlikeness. | 215 | |
| 13697858457 | Order of importance | Ideas or steps are prioritized by the writer or speaker according to a hierarchy of value. When using the order of importance pattern of organization, information can be structured from most important to least important or least important to most important. | 216 | |
| 13697858458 | Advantages and disadvantages | Proclaiming two differing sides of a situation to contrast it. (Advantage, and disadvantage) | 217 | |
| 13697858459 | General to specific | In composition, general-to-specific order is a method of developing a paragraph, essay, or speech by moving from a broad observation about a topic to specific details in support of that topic. | 218 | |
| 13697858460 | Problem to solution | In composition, using a problem-solution format is a method for analyzing and writing about a topic by identifying a problem and proposing one or more solutions. ... "This sort of essay involves argumentation in that the writer seeks to convince the reader to take a particular course of action. | 219 | |
| 13697858461 | Spatial | In composition, spatial order is a method of organization in which details are presented as they are (or were) located in space — such as, from left to right or from top to bottom. | 220 | |
| 13697858462 | Sequence | a particular order in which related events, movements, or things follow each other. "the content of the program should follow a logical sequence" | 221 | |
| 13698850173 | Modes of Writing | organizational patterns of writing based on author's purpose | 222 | |
| 13697858464 | Narration | the telling of a story in fiction, nonfiction, poetry, or drama; one of the modes of discourse | 223 | |
| 13697858465 | Cause-Effect | Mode to tell story in terms of X happened so Y happened then Z happened because of Y... | 224 | |
| 13697858466 | Definition mode | A mode of writing in which you tell what something is by stating its general class and characteristics | 225 | |
| 13697858467 | Process Analysis mode | A mode of writing that explains how to make or do something OR how something works. | 226 | |
| 13697858468 | Description mode | to re-create, invent, or visually present a person, place, event, or action so that the reader can picture that which is being described. | 227 | |
| 13697858469 | Exposition mode | to explain and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence, and appropriate discussion | 228 | |
| 13697858470 | Comparison and Contrast | A mode of discourse in which two or more things are compared and contrasted. Comparison often refers to similarities, contrast to differences. | 229 | |
| 13697858471 | Classification and Division | a pattern of writing or speaking which is characterized by division, which is the process of breaking a whole into parts, and classification, which is the often subsequent process of sorting individual items into categories | 230 | |
| 13697858472 | What marking system do you use in your process of elimination on the multiple choice section of the exam? Explain. | Eliminate the obvious wrong answers to narrow it down to 2 answers. From there, choose the BEST answer. | 231 | |
| 13697858473 | Explain what a question stem is. | The question stem is essentially the question's problem. | 232 | |
| 13697858487 | How are the foils written on the multiple choice section? | One is often the OPPOSITE of the correct answer. Two are often SIMILAR answers that are either too narrow or too broad to be the best answer. | 233 | |
| 13697858474 | What types of questions are on the multiple choice section? | Many questions inquire of the syntax in sentences, as well as the tone of authors in certain passages. | 234 | |
| 13697858475 | How many questions are on the AP multiple choice section? | approx. 50-55 | 235 | |
| 13697858476 | How many passages are on the AP multiple choice section? | typically 4-5 | 236 | |
| 13697858477 | From what time periods will these passages come? | 1600-Present | 237 | |
| 13697858478 | Break down the SOAPStone acronym. | Subject, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, Speaker, Tone | 238 | |
| 13697858479 | Explain two different ways you could organize a rhetorical (style) analysis essay. | Have thesis in introduction paragraph, identifying a different strategy in each paragraph. OR... Organize it by the author's structure. | 239 | |
| 13697858480 | Explain what must go into a rhetorical analysis thesis then write down an example of a strong one from one of your essays. | The rhetorical analysis thesis identifies the impactful elements of a writer's rhetoric and their effects on readers. It will also identify tone. | 240 | |
| 13697858481 | Explain how thesis, topic sentence, concrete detail, and elaboration are connected. BE CLEAR. | Thesis states an outline of your thoughts, topic sentence provides intro to what thoughts from the thesis you will be discussing, concrete detail provides the evidence for your thoughts, all while you elaborate and explain in order to further display and develop your thoughts. | 241 | |
| 13697858482 | Explain how to write a thesis for an argumentative essay then write down a strong one from one of your essays. | Argumentative Thesis: Begin with a phrase addressing counterargument, then give your overall stance on the issue, followed by your 1st reason, 2nd reason, and 3rd reason. | 242 | |
| 13697858483 | Explain how to write an argumentative introduction. THIS IS A WEAKNESS! | Address counterarguments right away. "Although..." | 243 | |
| 13697858484 | Explain how you will spend the 15 minutes + 2 hours you will have for the essay portion of the exam. | I will spend it writing wonderful essays using the many skills I learned during AP Lang. :) | 244 |
