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AP Language and Composition Vocabulary Flashcards

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6764307107AlliterationThe repetition of the same sound or letter at the beginning of consecutive words or syllables0
6764307108AllusionAn indirect reference, often to another text or an historic event1
6764307109AnalogyAn extended comparison between two seemingly dissimilar things2
6764309482AnaphoraThe repetition of words at beginning of successive clauses3
6764309483AnecdoteA short account of an interesting event4
6764316249AntecedentThe noun to which a later pronoun refers5
6764319542AntimetaboleThe repetition of words in an inverted order to sharpen a contrast6
6764319543AntithesisParallel structure that juxtaposes contrasting ideas7
6764321308AphorismA short, astute statement of a general truth8
6764321309AppositiveA word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun9
6764323350AssumptionA belief or statement taken for granted without proof10
6764323351AsyndetonLeaving out conjunctions between words, phrases, clauses11
6764326159Colloquial/ismAn informal or conversational use of language12
6764329797Complex SentenceA sentence that includes one independent clause an and at least one dependent clause13
6764329798ConcessionA reluctant acknowledgement or yielding14
6764331535ConnotationThat which is implied by a word, as opposed to the word's literal meaning (see denotation)15
6764331536CounterargumentA challenge to a position; an opposing argument16
6764333220Cumulative SentenceAn independent clause followed by subordinate clauses or phrases that supply additional detail17
6764333221Declarative SentenceA sentence that makes a statement18
6764337030Deduction/DeductiveReasoning from general to specific19
6764337031Dictionword choice20
6764337032ElegiacMournful over what has passed or been lost; often used to describe tone21
6764338980EpigramA brief witty statement22
6764338981EthosA Greek term referring to the character of a person; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see logos and pathos)23
6764341009Figurative LanguageThe use of tropes or figures of speech; going beyond literal meaning to achieve literary effect24
6764341010HortatoryUrging, or strongly encouraging25
6764344786HyperboleExaggeration for the purpose of emphasis26
6764373128ImageryVivid use of language that evokes a reader's senses (sight, smell, taste, touch, hearing)27
6764373129Imperative SentenceA sentence that requests or commands28
6764373130InversionA sentence in which the verb precedes the subject29
6764374562IronyA contradiction between what is said and what is meant; incongruity between action and result30
6764374563JuxtapositionPlacement of two things side by side for emphasis31
6764374564LogosA Greek term that means "word"; an appeal to logic; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see ethos and pathos)32
6764374565MetaphorA figure of speech or trope through which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else, thus making an implicit comparison33
6764376646MetonymyUse of an aspect of something to represent the whole34
6764376647ModifierA word, phrase, or clause that qualifies or describes another word, phrase, or clause35
6764376648NarrationRetelling an event or series of events36
6764377990OxymoronA figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms.37
6764377991ParadoxA statement that seems contradictory but is actually true38
6764377992ParallelismThe repetition of similar grammatical or syntactical patterns39
6764377993ParodyA piece that imitates and exaggerates the prominent features of another; used for comic effect or ridicule40
6764379607PathosA Greek term that refers to suffering but has come to be associated with broader appeals to emotion; one of Aristotle's three rhetorical appeals (see ethos and logos)41
6764379608Periodic SentenceA sentence that builds toward and ends with the main clause.42
6764379609PersonificationAssigning lifelike characteristics to inanimate objects43
6764381781PolysyndetonThe deliberate use of a series of conjunctions44
6764381782RefuteTo discredit an argument, particularly a counterargument45
6764383403SatireAn ironic, sarcastic, or witty composition that claims to argue for something, but actually argues against it46
6764383404SimileA figure of speech that uses "like" or "as" to compare two things47
6764384715Straw ManA logical fallacy that involves the creation of an easily refutable position; misrepresenting, then attacking an opponent's position48
6764384716Subordinate ClauseCreated by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause49
6764384717SyllogismA form of deductive reasoning in which the conclusion is supported by a major and minor premise (see premise; major and minor)50
6764387111SyntaxSentence structure51
6764387112TropeArtful diction; the use of language in a nonliteral way; also called a figure of speech52
6764387113UnderstatementLack of emphasis in a statement or point; restraint in language often used for ironic effect53
6764387488ZeugmaA construction in which one word (usually a verb) modifies or governs - often in different, sometimes in-congruent ways - two or more words in a sentence54

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