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AP Language and Composition Vocabulary Flashcards

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14566298742abstractexisting in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or concrete existence0
14566298743allusion/alludes/classical allusionan expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference1
14566455497ambiguitythe multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.2
14566455498anecdote/anecdotala short amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person3
14566455499antithesis/antitheticaldirect contrast; opposition4
14566455500appeal to authoritya fallacy in which a speaker or writer seeks to persuade not by giving evidence but by appealing to the respect people have for a famous person or institution5
14566455501author's purposethe author's reason for or intent in writing6
14566455502analogya comparison of two different things that are similar in some way7
14566455503antecedentthe word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun8
14566455504aphorisma brief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life9
14566455505clausea grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb10
14566455506clichéa worn-out idea or overused expression11
14566455507colloquialisminformal words or expressions not usually acceptable in formal writing12
14566455508concreteexisting in a material or physical form; not abstract13
14566455509connotationan idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning14
14566455510comtemplativeexpressing or involving prolonged thought15
14566455511conveymake (an idea, impression, or feeling) known or understandable to someone16
14566455512deductivecharacterized by or based on the inference of particular instances from a general law17
14566455513denotationthe literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests18
14566455514devicetechnique a writer uses to produce a special effect in their writing19
14566455515dichotomy/dichotomousdivides a thing into two equal and contradictory parts, or between two opposing groups20
14566455516dictationtranscription of spoken text21
14566455517didacticintended to instruct22
14566455518elegiacexpressing sorrow or lamentation23
14566455519euphemisman indirect, less offensive way of saying something that is considered unpleasant24
14566455520excerpt/excerpteda quoted selection removed from a longer piece and presented to the reader, often in support of a point or as an example25
14566455521expositoryexplanatory26
14566455522extended metaphora metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work27
14566455523extended similea simile in which something is compared using a whole story instead of a single word or phrase28
14566455524figures of speechexpressions, such as similes, metaphors, and personifications, that make imaginative, rather than literal, comparisons or associations29
14566455525footnotea note at the bottom of the page used to cite references or give more information30
14566455526homilya sermon31
14566455527hyperboleexaggeration32
14566455528hypothetical examplean example that describes an imaginary or fictitious situation33
14566455529illustrate/illustrativeto make something more clear or visible34
14566455530imagerydescription that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste)35
14566455531inferencea conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning36
14566455532invectivedenotes speech or writing that attacks, insults, or denounces a person, topic, or institution37
14566455533irony (especially verbal)a figure of speech in which words are used in such a way that their intended meaning is different from the actual meaning of the words. It may also be a situation that may end up in quite a different way than what is generally anticipated. In simple words, it is a difference between the appearance and the reality38
14566455534jargonspecial words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand39
14566455535juxtapositionplacement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts40
14566455536lyricalexpressing a poet's inner feelings; emotional; full of images; song-like41
14566455537metaphora comparison without using like or as42
14566455538moodfeeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader43
14566455539narrativethe telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events44
14566455540oxymorona figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase45
14566455541paradox/paradoxicala statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity46
14566455542parallelism/parallel structurethe repetition of words or phrases that have similar grammatical structures47
14566455543pedanticsomeone who is concerned with precision, formalism, accuracy, and minute details in order to make an arrogant and ostentatious show of learning48
14566455544personificationa figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes49
14566455545point of viewthe perspective from which a story is told50
14566455546prosaicdull51
14566455547proseform of language that has no formal metrical structure52
14566455548puna play on words53
14566455549purposethe goal the speaker wants to achieve54
14566455550qualifymeasure up; change something slightly, limit it or add a condition to it55
14566596234rebuttala refutation or contradiction56
14566596235refute/refutationto discredit an argument, particularly a counterargument57
14566596236rhetoric/rhetorical purpose/rhetoricalhow writers and speakers use words to influence an audience58
14566596237strategytechnique of several specific methods the creator of a narrative uses to convey what they want59
14566596238sarcasmthe use of irony to mock or convey contempt60
14566596239satire/satirical/satirizesarcastic imitation61
14566596240solecismnonstandard grammatical usage; a violation of grammatical rules62
14566596241stancethe attitude that the writer has towards the topic of his or her message63
14566596242style/stylisticany specific way of using language, which is characteristic of an author, school, period, or genre64
14566596243subordinate clausecreated by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause65
14566596244symbola thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract66
14566596245syntax/syntacticalthe way in which words are put together to form phrases, clauses, or sentences67
14566596246tonea writer's attitude toward his or her subject matter revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization on the sentence and global levels68
14566596247understatementthe presentation of something as being smaller, worse, or less important than it actually is69
14566596248witintellectually amusing language that surprises and delights70
14566596249allegorya story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one71
14566596250alliterationrepetition of initial consonant sounds72
14566596251anticlimax/anticlimactican event or experience that causes disappointment because it is less exciting than was expected or because it happens immediately after a much more interesting or exciting event73
14566596252assertion (qualified, unqualified)making a statement investing strong beliefs in it, as if it is true, though it may not be74
14566596253apostrophe (poetry)a figure of speech in which the poet addresses an absent person, an abstract idea, or a thing75
14566596254climaxmost exciting moment of the story; turning point76
14566596255conceita fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects77
14566596256counterexamplean example used to support a claim or statement that is the opposite of another claim or statement78
14566596257cynicisman attitude or quality of belief that all people are motivated by selfishness79
14566596258diatribea bitter verbal attack80
14566596259digressionstraying from main point81
14566596260dogmaan unproven principle or belief held to be true82
14566596261enumeratelist83
14566596262enunciateto pronounce clearly84
14566596263epilogueshort speech at conclusion of dramatic work85
14566596264epiphanya moment of sudden revelation or insight86
14566596265ethoscredibility87
14566596266fallacya mistaken belief, especially one based on unsound argument88
14566596267farcea comedy that contains an extravagant and nonsensical disregard of seriousness, although it may have a serious, scornful purpose89
14566596268genrea major category or type of literature90
14566596269imperative moodgive commands91
14566596270inversioninverted order of words in a sentence (variation of the subject-verb-object order)92
14566596271logosappeal to logic93
14566596272metonymya figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it94
14566596273similea comparison using "like" or "as"95
14566596274onomatopoeiaa word that imitates the sound it represents.96
14566596275parodya work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule97
14566596276pathosappeal to emotion98
14566596277periodic structurea particular placement of sentence elements such as the main clause of the sentence and/or its predicate are purposely held off and placed at the end instead of at the beginning or their conventional positions99
14566596278prepositional phrasea group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun100
14566596279semanticsthe set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences in a given language; also, the study of meaning101
14566596280syllogisma form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion102
14566596281themecentral idea of a work of literature103
14566596282treatisea methodically and thoroughly written discussion of a topic104

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