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AP Language & Composition: Syntax Flashcards

Syntax- the arrangement of words and the order of grammatical elements in a sentence.

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2373812457DeclarativeA sentence that makes a statement.0
2373812458ImperativeA sentence that gives a command.1
2373812459InterrogativeA sentence that asks a question2
2373812460ExclamatoryA sentence that provides emphasis or expresses strong emotion.3
2373812461Simple SentenceContains one independent clause4
2373812462Compound SentenceContains two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction or by a semicolon.5
2373812463Complex SentenceContains and independent clause and one or more subordinate clauses6
2373812464Compound- Complex Sentencecontains two or more independent clauses and one or more subordinate clauses.7
2373812465Cumulative SentenceMakes complete sense if brought to a close before the actual ending. The sentence could end before the modifying phrases without losing its coherence.8
2373812466Periodic SentenceMakes sense fully only when the end of the sentence is reached.9
2373812467InversionConstructing a sentence o the predicate comes before the subject. This is a device in which typical sentence patterns are reversed to create an emphatic or rhythmic affect.10
2373812468JuxtapositionPlacing two elements sibe by side to present a comparison or contrast., The arrangement of two or more ideas, characters, actions, settings, phrases, or words side-by-side or in similar narrative moments for the purpose of comparison, contrast, rhetorical effect, suspense, or character development.11
2373812469Parallel StructureThe repetition of phrases, clauses, or sentences that have the same grammatical structure12
2373812470RepetitionThe repeated use of the same word or word pattern as a rhetorical device13
2373812471Rhetorical QuestionA statement that is formulated as a question but that is not supposed to be answered14
2373812472AnaphoraThe repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of consecutive lines or sentences15
2373812473AsyndetonA construction in which elements are presented in a series without conjunctions16
2373812474ChiasmusA sentence strategy in which the arrangement of ideas in a second clause is a reversal of the first.17
2373812475Polysyndetonusing several conjunctions in close succession, especially where some might be omitted (as in 'he ran and jumped and laughed for joy')18
2373812476Zeugmause of a word to govern two or more words though appropriate to only one19
2373812477Words that describe style and syntaxPlain, spare, austere, unadorned Ornate, elaborate, flowery Jumbled, chaotic, obfuscating Erudite, esoteric Journalistic, terse, laconic Harsh, grating Mellifluous, musical lilting, lyrical20

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