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AP Language & Composition Vocabulary Flashcards

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4648835848Appeals (ethical, emotional, logical)Ethics: convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader. Emotional: convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response. Logical: a way of persuading an audience by reason0
4648838471ArgumentThe main statement of a poem, essay, short story, or novel that usually appears as an introduction or a point on which the author will develop their work to convince the readers1
4648841595Defend/challenge/qualifyA statement that modifies or limits the meaning of a claim2
4648841945DiscourseSpeech or writing normally longer than sentences which deals with the certain subject formally in the form of writing or speech3
4648843253RhetoricThe act of persuasion4
4648844331Rhetorical devicesTechniques used by the author or speaker that conveys the reader/listener a meaning with the intention of persuading them5
4648847782Rhetorical modesDescribe the variety, conventions, and purposes of the major kinds of language- based communication like writing or speaking (4 common modes: narration, description, exposition, and argumentation)6
4648850199SemanticsBranch of linguistics that deals with interpretation and meaning of words, sentence structure, and symbols, while determining the reading comprehension of the readers (how they understand & their interpretations)7
4648853231StyleLiterary element that describes the ways that the author uses words- word choice, sentence structure, figurative language, & sentence arrangement all work together to establish mood, images, and meaning of the text8
4648855754ThesisA short statement, often one sentence, that summarizes the main point or claim of an essay, research paper, etc., and is developed, supported, and explained in the text by examples and evidence9
4648858805ConnotationAn implied meaning that is associated with a word of it's literal meaning10
4648860030DenotationThe literal meaning of a word11
4648860534DictionChoice of words and style of expressions that an author makes and uses12
4648861400EllipsisLiterary device that's used in narratives to omit parts of a sentence or event, giving the reader a chance to fill in the gaps13
4648864496EquivocationTelling something that is not false, but not revealing the unpleasant truth14
4648865578EuphemismPolite expressions used in place of words or phrases that may be harsh or unpleasant15
4648866243HyperboleAn exaggeration of ideas for the sake of emphasis16
4648866728JuxtapositionTwo or more ideas, places, characters, and their actions are placed side by side in a narrative or poem for the purpose of developing comparisons and contrasts17
4648869716MalapropismUsing an incorrect word in place of one that is similar in pronunciation18
4648870137MoodElement that evokes certain feelings or vibes in readers through words and descriptions19
4648871806Non sequiturStatements, sayings, and conclusions that do not follow the fundamental principles of logic and reason20
4648873216PedanticConcern of precision, formalism, accuracy and minute details in order to make a statement arrogant and ostentatious show of learning21
4648874557PlatitudeRepetition of obvious, simple, and easily understood statements that have little meaning or emotional weight22
4648876097PolemicA controversial dispute or debate, or someone who is inclined to argue23
4648876865SarcasmBitter or caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something24
4648877547SyntaxThe way the author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences25
4648878761ToneThe author's attitude toward their material, audience, or both26
4648879361TransitionA word or phrase that links different ideas and signals a shift from one idea to another27
4648882138UnderstatementIronic minimizing of a fact, presents something as less significant than it is28
4648883192VoiceThe author's writing style of use of syntax, diction, dialogue, etc. withing a body of text29
4648885211AllegoryUsing character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning30
4648888914AlliterationThe repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words31
4648889582AllusionA direct/indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known such as an event, book, place, etc.32
4648890929AnalogySimilarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. Can explain something unfamiliar by associating it with or pointing out its similarity to something more familiar33
4749549383AnecdoteShort and interesting story or an amusing event often proposed to support or demonstrate some point and make readers & listeners laugh34
4749550946IronyThe contrast between what it is stated explicitly and what is really meant; difference between what appears to be and what is actually true (3 types: verbal, situational, & dramatic)35
4749552511MetaphorFigure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting similarity36
4749554802MotifCan be an image, sound, action, or other figure with symbolic significance & contributes to the development of the theme37
4749556961OxymoronFigure of speech where in the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest paradox38
4749558121ParadoxA statement that appears to be self contradictory, but contains some degree of truth39
4749559999Parallel syntax (parallelism)Grammatical and rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity40
4749561097ParodyWork that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule41
4749567723PunA play on words in which a humorous effect is produced by using a word that suggests two or more meanings by exploiting similar sounding words with different meanings42
4749568954SatireTechnique used to expose and criticize foolishness and corruption of an individual or society by using humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule43
4749571201SimileA comparison that uses "like" or "as"44

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