AP Notes, Outlines, Study Guides, Vocabulary, Practice Exams and more!

AP Language Comprehensive Vocab - Sentences Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
10150493212assertiona confident and forceful statement of fact or belief:0
10150493213biasedunfairly prejudiced for or against someone or something:1
10150493214convolutedextremely complex and difficult to follow:2
10150493215integralforming a necessary part of something;3
10150493216condescendingbehaving as though you think you are better, more intelligent, or more important than other people:4
10150493217embellishto make (a statement or story) more interesting or entertaining by adding extra details, especially ones that are not true:5
10150493218contemporaryoccurring in the present or at the same time:6
10150493219transientlasting only for a short time; impermanent (can refer to people, often homeless):7
10150493220proliferateto increase rapidly in numbers:8
10150493221waryfeeling or showing caution about possible dangers or problems:9
10150493222ubiquitousbeing or seeming to be everywhere at the same time; omnipresent.10
10150493223banalso lacking in originality as to be obvious and boring:11
10150493224platitudea remark or statement (especially of a moral nature) that has been used too often to be interesting or thoughtful:12
10150493225deludeto impose a misleading belief upon someone; to deceive; to fool:13
10150493226clichéa phrase or opinion that is overused and demonstrates a lack of original thought:14
10150493227surreptitiouskept secret, especially because it would not be approved of:15
10150493228apathylack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern:16
10150493229inconsequentialnot important or significant:17
10150493230tenuousvery weak, uncertain, insecure:18
10150493231malleableable to be shaped, formed, controlled, influenced:19
10150493232eloquentable to express your ideas and opinions well, especially in a way that influences people:20
10150493233lucidexpressed in a way that is clear and easy to understand:21
10150493234alienateto do something that makes someone unfriendly or unwilling to support you:22
10150493235obscurenot well known and usually not very important; difficult to understand:23
10150493236listlessfeeling tired and not interested in things:24
10150493237disparitya great difference:25
10150493238ostentatiouscharacterized by vulgar or pretentious display; designed to impress or attract attention:26
10150493239pretentiousattempting to impress by faking greater importance, talent, culture, etc., than is actually possessed:27
10150493240astutehaving or showing an ability to accurately assess situations or people and turn this to one's advantage:28
10150493241fabricateto invent a story, piece of information etc. in order to deceive:29
10150493242subjective(1) existing only in a person's mind. (2) influenced by personal feelings or opinions.30
10150493243objective(1) existing independent of or external to the mind. (2) not influenced by personal feelings or opinions.31
10150493244tacitunderstood or implied without being stated:32
10150493245inferto deduce or conclude from evidence and reasoning rather than from explicit statements:33
10150493246wroughtbeaten out or shaped by hammering:34
10150493247belieto give a false appearance of something:35
10150493248benigngentle; not harmful:36
10150493249quibbleto argue or raise objections about a trivial matter:37
10150493250syntaxword order (the arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language):38
10150493251semanticsthe meaning of a word, phrase, sentence, or text:39
10150493252juxtaposeto place side-by-side or close together for contrasting effect40
10150493253anecdotea short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person:41
10150493254opiniona view or judgment formed about something, not necessarily based on fact or knowledge:42
10150493255beliefsomething one accepts as true or real; a firmly held opinion or conviction:43
10150493256explicitstated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt:44
10150493257implicitsuggested but not plainly expressed:45
10150493258hyperboleexaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally:46
10150493259jargonspecial words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand:47
10150493260personathe aspect of someone's character that is presented to or perceived by others:48
10150493261code-switchingthe practice of alternating between two or more languages or varieties of language in conversation:49
10150493262discoursewritten or spoken communication:50
10150493263rhetoric(1) the art of persuasive speaking or writing: (2) language designed to have a persuasive effect, but often regarded as lacking in sincerity:51
10150493264modestmoderate (humble) in the estimation of one's abilities or achievements:52
10150493265prudentexercising good judgment or common sense:53
10150493266contextthe circumstances that form the setting for an event, statement, idea, text, etc.54
10150493267intuitivebased on what one feels to be true even without conscious reasoning; instinctive:55
10150493268counterintuitivecontrary to common-sense expectation (but often nevertheless true):56
10150493269plausibleseeming reasonable or probable::57
10150493270coherentlogically consistent:58
10150493271quantifyto find or calculate the quantity or amount of (something):59
10150493272relativehaving a particular quality or value when compared with something else:60
10150493273absolutecomplete, definite, true, or right, and not changing in any situation:61
10150493274comprehensiveincluding all or nearly all elements or aspects of something; complete:62
10150493275paradigm(1) a set of assumptions, concepts, values, and practices that constitutes a way of viewing reality for the community that shares them (especially in an intellectual discipline): (2) an outstandingly clear or typical example or archetype:63
10150493276hierarchya system in which people or things are placed in a series of levels with different importance or status:64
10150493277anomalysomething that deviates from what is standard, normal, or expected:65
10150493278salientmost noticeable or important:66
10150493279constituentbeing a part of a whole:67
10150493280panderto do or provide what someone wants or demands (even though it is not proper, good, or reasonable):68
10150493281stigmaa mark of disgrace:69
10150493282impartialtreating all rivals or disputants equally:70
10150493283substantiateto provide evidence to support or prove the truth of something:71
10150493284contemptthe feeling that a person or a thing is beneath consideration, worthless, or deserving scorn:72
10150493285impedeto interfere with or slow the progress of (someone or something):73
10150493286servilevery obedient and trying too hard to please someone:74
10150493287effusiveexpressing feelings of gratitude, pleasure, or approval in an unrestrained or heartfelt manner:75
10150493288nuancea subtle difference in meaning, expression, or sound. "The nuances of facial expression and body language."76
10150493289facetone side of something that is many-sided. "Her argument addresses many facets of the issue."77
10150493290candidtruthful and straightforward; frank. "His responses were remarkably candid."78
10150493291tersesparing in the use of words; abrupt. "A terse statement."79
10150493292bolsterto support or strengthen; prop up. "She wished to bolster up her theories with hard data."80
10150493293culpabledeserving blame. "Sometimes you're just as culpable when you watch something as when you actually participate."81
10150493294delineateto describe or portray something precisely. "The law should delineate and prohibit behavior that is socially abhorrent."82
10150493295zealota person who is fanatical and uncompromising in pursuit of their religious, political, or other ideals. "Zealots on both sides of the issue resorted to name-calling and scare tactics."83
10150493296insinuateto suggest or hint (something bad or reprehensible) in an indirect and unpleasant way. "Are you insinuating that I won by cheating?"84
10150493297irreverentlacking proper respect or seriousness. "Such irreverent behavior is inappropriate during church services."85
10150493298invaluableextremely useful; indispensable: "An invaluable source of information."86
10150493299idiosyncrasya mode of behavior or way of thought peculiar to an individual: "One of his little idiosyncrasies was always preferring to be in the car first."87
10150493300idioma group of words established by usage as having a meaning not deducible from those of the individual words: "'It's raining cats and dogs,' is a strange idiomatic expression."88
10150493301vociferousmarked by or given to vehement insistent outcry. "He was a vociferous opponent of the takeover."89
10150493302spitea desire to hurt, annoy, or offend someone: "She'd think I was saying it out of spite."90
10150493303empiricalbased on observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic: "They provided considerable empirical evidence to support their argument."91
10150493304minutiaethe small, precise, or trivial details of something: "The minutiae of everyday life."92
10150493305watershedan event or period marking a turning point in a course of action or state of affairs: "These works mark a watershed in the history of music."93
10150493306adventthe arrival of a notable person, thing, or event: "The advent of television."94
10150493307provincialunsophisticated or narrow-minded: "His contributions to the discussion are often provincial."95
10150493308floutto openly disregard (often with contempt or scorn): "Many corporations flout basic ethical principles for the sake of profit."96
10150493309invoketo cite or appeal to someone or something as an authority for an action or in support of an argument; to call on or summon; to give rise to: "She invoked history to prove her point." "There was no way to explain the accident without invoking his rage."97
10150493310indictto accuse or charge with a fault, offense, or serious crime: "A grand jury is expected to indict him for murder."98
10150493311contingentoccurring or existing only if certain other circumstances are the case: "The resolution of the conflict was contingent on the signing of a ceasefire agreement."99
10150493312vehementshowing strong feeling; forceful, passionate, or intense: "Her voice was low but vehement."100
10150493313holisticrelating to or concerned with wholes or with complete systems rather than parts: "We take a holistic approach to improving our team."101
10150493314onusa disagreeable necessity; the burden of proving something: "The onus is on you to provide evidence for your absurd claims."102
10150493315mootsubject to debate and typically not admitting of a final decision (therefore often having little practical significance because the subject is too uncertain): "The court ruled that the issue is now moot because the people involved in the dispute have died."103
10150493316caricaturea ludicrous, grotesque, or comically exaggerated representation of someone or something: "The drawing is a caricature."104
10150493317propagateto breed, spread, and promote widely (ideas, specimens, offspring, etc.): "The preacher traveled to propagate his beliefs."105
10150493318beguileto charm or enchant someone, sometimes in a deceptive way.106
10150493319circumventto find a way around an obstacle, problem, difficulty (typically in a clever and surreptitious way).107
10150493320propagandainformation, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.108
10150493321expedienta means of attaining an end, especially one that is convenient but considered improper or immoral.109
10150493322meticulousshowing great attention to detail; very careful and precise.110
10150493323euphemisma mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.111
10150493324schisma split or division between strongly opposed sections or parties, caused by differences in opinion or belief.112
10150493325puritanicalpracticing or affecting strict religious or moral behavior.113
10150493326nefariouswicked or criminal (typically referring to an action or activity).114
10150493327penitentfeeling or showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong.115
10150493328dogmaticexpressing opinions forcefully, as if they were fact: "He's become so dogmatic lately that arguing with him is pointless."116
10150493329hypocrisypretending to be what one is not or to believe what one does not; behavior that contradicts what one claims to believe or feel: "Teenagers often have a keen awareness of their parents' hypocrisies."117
10150493330orthodoxbeliefs that conform to what is generally or traditionally accepted as right or true; not independent-minded: "She believes in the benefits of both orthodox medicine and alternative medicine."118
10150493331vindicateto clear someone of blame or suspicion: "She will be completely vindicated by the evidence."119
10150493332disdaina feeling of contempt for someone or something regarded as unworthy or inferior: "He regarded the proposal with disdain."120
10150493333cryptichaving a hidden or ambiguous meaning: "The instructions were cryptic. They said only to wait until we felt certain the answer was clear."121
10150493334flagrantobviously offensive; so inconsistent with what is right or proper as to appear to be a flouting of law or morality: "Their actions were a flagrant violation of the law."122
10150493335superfluousexceeding what is sufficient or necessary: extra: "The poorly-written essay was loaded with superfluous words."123
10150493336auspiciousshowing or suggesting that future success is likely: "She told him she couldn't dance with him just then, but her auspicious smile encouraged him to ask again later."124
10150493337benevolentwell meaning and kindly: "We received a gift from a benevolent donor."125
10150493338prefaceto introduce or begin (a speech, remark, or event, etc.) by saying or doing something: "It is important to preface this debate with a general comment."126
10150493339disenfranchisedeprived of power; marginalized: "Undocumented immigrants are the among the most disenfranchised."127
10150493340vicissitudea fluctuation of state or condition: "The vicissitudes of daily life."128
10150493341sanctimonioushypocritically pious or devout: "What happened to all the sanctimonious talk about putting his family first?"129
10150493342proprietyconformity to what is socially acceptable in conduct or speech; proper: "When attending a wedding, there are certain proprieties that must be observed."130
10150493343scrutinizeexamine or inspect closely and thoroughly: "The lawyer scrutinized the fine print."131
10150493344etymologythe origin of a word and the historical development of its meaning; the study of the origin of words: "I enjoying looking up the etymology of words."132
10150493345cohorta group of people banded together or treated as a group: "Juniors and seniors are different cohorts."133
10150493346arbitera person who settles a dispute or has ultimate authority in a matter: "The referee acts as the final arbiter in the game."134
10150493347mollifyto soothe or appease the anger or anxiety of someone: "Nature reserves were set up around the power stations to mollify local conservationists."135
10150493348premisea statement or proposition from which another is inferred or follows as a conclusion: "He didn't agree with the premises of her argument."136
10150493349contentiouslikely to cause disagreement or argument: "Gun control is a contentious issue."137
10150493350expoundto explain by setting forth in careful and often elaborate detail: "The article expounds the virtues of a healthy diet."138
10150493351articulateexpressing oneself readily, clearly, or effectively: "She articulates her ideas well."139
10150493352differentiaterecognize or ascertain what makes (someone or something) different; to make or become different: "Children can differentiate the past from the present." "The only thing that differentiates the twins is the color of their eyes."140
10150493353correlateto have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects or depends on another: "There's a frightening correlation between public opinion and fake news on Facebook."141
10150493354erroneouswrong; incorrect; mistaken: "A news article about the new virus was filled with much erroneous information."142
10150493355amenableopen and responsive to suggestion; easily persuaded or controlled: "Some people are more amenable than others."143
10150493356post hococcurring or done after the event: "He came up with an elaborate post hoc rationalization for his bad choices."144
10150493357dubiousgiving rise to uncertainty; questionable; suspect: "He made the dubious claim that Elvis is still alive and living in Hawaii."145
10150493358partisan(1) a strong supporter of a party, cause, or person. (2) prejudiced in favor of a particular cause. "Newspapers have become increasingly partisan."146
10150493359polarizeto break up into opposing factions or groupings: "The campaign polarized the electorate."147
10150493360obfuscateto render obscure, unclear, or confusing (sometimes done on purpose to be evasive): "Politicians keep obfuscating the issues."148
10150493361substantivehaving substance; having a firm basis in reality and therefore important, meaningful, or considerable: "Substantive changes were made to the document."149
10150493362vacuousempty; lacking ideas or intelligence: "It was a dull and vacuous movie."150
10150493363exponenta person who believes in and promotes the truth or benefits of an idea or theory: "Our senator is an exponent of free trade."151
10150493364wistfulfull of yearning or desire tinged with melancholy: "She wrote a wistful memoir."152
10150493365litmus testa test in which a single factor (as an attitude, event, or fact) is decisive: "The party is using attitudes about gun control as a litmus test for political candidates."153
10150493366arbitrarybased on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system: "His mealtimes were entirely arbitrary."154
10150493367flippantnot showing a serious or respectful attitude: "One flippant remark ruined the negotiations."155
10150493368pejorativea word or phrase that has negative connotations or that is intended to disparage or belittle: "Using the word simple to describe someone could have pejorative connotations."156
10150493369equanimitymental calmness, composure, and evenness of temper, especially in a difficult situation: "She accepted both the good and the bad with equanimity."157
10150493370vilifyto say or write very harsh and critical things about someone or something: "He was vilified in the press for his comments."158
10150493371notoriousfamous or well known, typically for some bad quality or deed: "Los Angeles is notorious for its smog."159
10150493372obsoleteno longer in use or no longer useful: "Your car phone is obsolete, yo."160
10150493373austerestern or cold in appearance, manner, or attitude; having no comforts or luxuries: "They choose austere furnishings for the office."161
10150493374apprehensionanxiety or fear that something bad or unpleasant will happen: "World leaders reacted to the election results with apprehension and applause."162
10150493375novelnew or unusual in an interesting way: "She's likes to come up with novel solutions to problems."163
10150493376prodigiousextraordinary in bulk, quantity, or degree: "We keep a prodigious supply of canned food in the basement for the apocalypse."164
10150493377pragmaticrelating to matters of fact or practical affairs often to the exclusion of intellectual or artistic matters; practical (as opposed to idealistic): "His pragmatic view of public education comes from years of working in city schools.165
10150493378facile(1) too simple; not showing enough thought or effort: "This problem needs more than just a facile solution." (2) working, moving, or performing well and very easily: "He is a wonderfully facile writer."166
10150493379anachronismsomething out of place in time or sequence: "Can you spot the anachronism in this painting?"167
10150493380gesticulateto move your arms and hands especially when speaking: "He gesticulated wildly during their argument."168
10150493381conjecturean opinion or idea formed without proof or sufficient evidence: "Most of the book is conjecture, not fact.."169
10150493382enmitymutual hatred or ill will: "His comments earned him the enmity of his coworkers."170
10150493383indolenthabitually lazy: "The indolent boy had to be forced to help out with the chores."171
10150493384quandarya state of uncertainty or perplexity: "The unexpected results of the test have created a quandary for researchers."172
10150493385didacticdesigned or intended to teach people something—often used to describe someone or something that tries to teach something (such as proper or moral behavior) in a way that is annoying or unwanted: "The poet's works became increasingly didactic after his religious conversion."173
10150493386haughtyblatantly and disdainfully proud: "The haughty waiter smirked when I remarked that it was odd that a French restaurant didn't even have french fries on the menu."174
10150493387insipidlacking flavor or interest: "I'd climbed and fished in the emptiest reaches of the American West, but Alaska made the wilds of the lower 48 seem insipid and tame."175
10150493388egregiousobviously and exceptionally bad: "The egregious errors in logic made his argument not just weak but embarassing."176

Need Help?

We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.

For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.

If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.

Need Notes?

While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!