2501540188 | Zeugma | Words that don't compare grammatically or idiomatically e.g. He maintained a flourishing business and a racehorse. | 0 | |
2501568573 | Oxymoron | Juxtaposed words with contradictory meanings e.g. Jumbo shrimp | 1 | |
2501574638 | Litote | Understatement e.g. It's no big deal. Just a heart attack is all. (LItote makes things LIttle) | 2 | |
2501580696 | Hyperbole | Exaggeration for the purpose of emphasis or heightened effect. | 3 | |
2501587360 | Epistrophe | Repetition of the same words at the end of each clause. e.g. They see no evil, speak no evil.... (like an apostrophe is the same 's at the end of each word) | 4 | |
2501597322 | Epanalepsis | Repetition at the end of a clause of the word that occurred at the beginning of the clause. | 5 | |
2501604868 | Anadiplosis | Repetition of the word at the end of one clause in the beginning of the following clause. e.g. The crime was common, common be the pain. | 6 | |
2501610488 | Climax | Arrangement of words from least to greatest importance e.g. He must fight for his family, country, and god. | 7 | |
2501624175 | Antimetabole | Repetition of the same words but in different order. e.g. You can take the boy out of the country, but you can't take the country out of the boy. | 8 | |
2501634084 | Chiasmus | Repetition of grammatical structures in two clauses in different order (but no repetition) e.g. It's hard to make money, but to spend it is easy | 9 | |
2501643074 | Polyptoton | Repetition of words derived from the same root e.g. their blood bleeds the nation of its assurance. | 10 | |
2501649547 | Synecdoche | Part of something that refers to the whole e.g. Heads of cattle | 11 | |
2501653301 | Metonymy | Entity referred to by one of its actions or associations e.g. applications office claims its applications have risen (applications refers to number of applicants) | 12 | |
2501665944 | Syllepsis | Use of a word understood differently in relation to two or more other words which it modifies e.g. She'd rather press grapes than clothes (pressing grapes rather than clothes is sylly) | 13 | |
2501674467 | Anthimeria | Substitution of one part of speech for another. e.g. The poet says we "milestone our lives" (milestone is noun used as verb) | 14 | |
2501682685 | Periphrasis | substitution of attribute word for the proper name of someone. e.g. She thinks she's a real Katy Perry (for periphrasis) | 15 | |
2501690528 | Parallelism | Similarity of structure of a pair or series of related words e.g. He tried to make the law clear, precise, an equitable | 16 | |
2501700939 | Antithesis | Juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas (contrasting thesis) often in parallel structure e.g. Place your virtues on a pedestal, put your vices under a rock | 17 | |
2501709755 | Anastrophe | Inversion of natural word order e.g. One ad does not a survey make (anastrophe because the death of yoda would be a catastrophe) | 18 | |
2501715874 | Parenthesis | Inserting verbal unit into a sentence that disrupts the flow (like putting something in parenthesis) e.g. There is a fly, which is black, sitting on your head. | 19 | |
2501722086 | Apposition | A noun or noun phrase that immediately follows another noun and helps it. (It is in a position to help the other noun)(apposition basically a predicate nom, helps rename noun) e.g. John, president of Walton, proposed free candy every Friday. | 20 | |
2501737035 | Ellipses | Deliberate omission of words that are implied by context e.g. The masters degree is awarded by 74 depts., the bachelors by 60. Eloopsies, I skipped some words | 21 | |
2501744715 | Asyndeton | Omission of conjunctions between words e.g. I came, I saw, I conquered Because conjunctions are a pain in the ASS(yndeton) | 22 | |
2501752041 | Polyseyndeton | opposite of asyndeton: use of may conjunctions e.g. I want candy and pie and cake and ice cream and cookies | 23 | |
2501757623 | Anaphora | Repetition of word or group of words at the beginning of each clause e.g. It is our duty, it is our right.... | 24 | |
2501768736 | Begging the question | Treating something that is still open to question as if it is already proved or disproved | 25 | |
2501772364 | Red herring | Introducing irrelevant topic to distract opponent | 26 | |
2501775946 | Hasty generalization | asserting an opinion based off of too little evidence, applying one instance to multiple instances | 27 | |
2501780266 | non sequitur | making a conclusion or statement that does not logically follow the previous argument or statement | 28 | |
2501784925 | Ad populum | Appealing to popularity of a claim as a reason for accepting it | 29 | |
2501788239 | Sweeping generalizarion | applying generalization too broadly e.g. all girls like wearing dresses. Katherine is a girl, so she must like wearing dresses. | 30 | |
2501793393 | Post hoc | The illogical conclusion that one event was caused by another simply because it occurred afterward | 31 |
AP Language Flashcards
Primary tabs
Need Help?
We hope your visit has been a productive one. If you're having any problems, or would like to give some feedback, we'd love to hear from you.
For general help, questions, and suggestions, try our dedicated support forums.
If you need to contact the Course-Notes.Org web experience team, please use our contact form.
Need Notes?
While we strive to provide the most comprehensive notes for as many high school textbooks as possible, there are certainly going to be some that we miss. Drop us a note and let us know which textbooks you need. Be sure to include which edition of the textbook you are using! If we see enough demand, we'll do whatever we can to get those notes up on the site for you!