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2792347988AttitudeA speaker's, author's, or character's disposition toward or opinion of a subject.0
2792348780PedanticAn adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish.1
2792349253SynecdocheA figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa.2
2792350646MetonymyA figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated (such as "crown" for "royalty").3
2792351178InvectiveAn emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language. (For example, in Henry IV, Part hill of flesh.")4
2792352034EpithetAn adjective or descriptive phrase expressing a quality characteristic of the person or thing mentioned.5
2792352888DidacticIntended to instruct.6
2792353486CircumlocutionAn indirect expression; use of wordy or evasive language.7
2792353973Caricature(n.) A representation (especially in drawing) in which the subject's characteristic features are deliberately exaggerated; (v.) to present someone or something in a deliberately distorted way.8
2792355288AnachromismWhen something/someone is chronologically out of place.9
2792355619ParallelismPhrases or sentences of a similar construction/meaning placed side by side, balancing each other.10
2792356281Inverted SentenceA sentence where the predicate comes before the subject.11
2792357307JuxtapositionThe placement of two items, often contrasting, next to or near each other.12
2792357947ChiasmusA statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed ("Susan walked in, and out rushed Mary.")13
2792358864PolysyndetonDeliberate use of many conjunctions in close succession, especially where some might be omitted. Hemingway and the Bible both use extensively. Ex. "he ran and jumped and laughed for joy".14
2792359528AsyndetonA series of words separated by commas (with no conjunction), e.g. "I came, I saw, I conquered." The parts of the sentence are emphasized equally; in addition, the use of commas with no intervening conjunction speeds up the flow of the sentence.15
2792360124AphorismA concisely phrased statement of a truth or opinion.16
2792360759AntithesisBalancing words, phrases, or ideas that are strongly contrasted, often by means of grammatical structure.17
2792361686AnaphoraA rhetorical figure of repetition in which the same word or phrase is repeated in (and usually at the beginning of) successive lines, clauses, or sentences.18
2792362166ArchaismThe use of deliberately old-fashioned language.19
2792362530PolemicControversy; argument; verbal attack.20
2792363355PanegyricElaborate praise; formal hymn of praise.21
2792363749DiatribeA bitter attack on something or someone (unlike a polemic, a diatribe is totally against the subject of the verbal attack).22
2792365359AnecdoteA brief narrative or retelling of a story or event often based on the speaker's own experience.23
2792366303Begging the QuestionA thought process that assumes a statement's conclusion is true without any sufficient evidence to support the claim.24
2792367498Non SequiturA statement that does not follow logically from evidence.25
2792367619Limited OptionsEither/or and false dichotomy: the most common of these is the cliche, "Either you are for us or against us." The statement does not acknowledge the possibility of a neural position.26
2792369741PathosAppeal to emotion.27
2792370375False Analogyan analogy in which the dissimilarities between two things are so much greater than their similarities that their connection by analogy is unjustified (oversimplifying).28
2792370814Ipse DixitLatin for "he himself has spoken" and this holds in cases where there is an appeal to an unqualified expert.29
2792371744Post Hoc, Ergo Propter HocThis fallacy is Latin for "after which therefore because of which," meaning that it is incorrect to always claim that something is a cause just because it happened earlier. One may loosely summarize this fallacy by saying that correlation does not imply causation.30
2792372266Circular ReasoningA fallacy in which the writer repeats the claim as a way to provide evidence31
2792372449BandwagonA fallacy which assumes that because something is popular, it is therefore good, correct, or desirable.32
2792372712Slippery SlopeA fallacy that assumes that taking a first step will lead to subsequent steps that cannot be prevented.33
2792373379SyllogismFrom the Greek for "reckoning together," a syllogism (or syllogistic reasoning or syllogistic logic) is a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (the first one called "major" and the second called "minor") that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. A frequently cited example proceeds as follows: major premise: All men are mortal. minor premise: Socrates is a man. conclusion: Therefore, Socrates is a mortal. A syllogism's conclusion is valid only if each of the two premises is valid. Syllogisms may also present the specific idea first ("Socrates") and the general second ("all men"). Adapted from V. Stevenson, Patrick Henry High School, and Abrams' Glossary of Literary Terms.34
2792374362IbidAn abbreviation for "ibidem", a Latin word meaning "in the same place". It is used in footnotes and bibliographies to refer to a source cited in a previous.35
2792375769EuphenismThe substitution of a relatively inoffensive term for one that is considered too harsh, unpleasant, or blunt.36
2792376039ConceitAn elaborate or fancy metaphor of a far-fetched nature.37
2792377804AssonanceTwo or more words with similar vowel sounds sandwiched between different consonants.38
2792378394ApostropheThe addressing of an inanimate object or an idea as it it were human.39
2792378947Periodic SentenceA sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end.40
2792379391Loose SentenceA complex sentence in which the main clause comes first and the subordinate clause follows.41
2792379746InversionA reversal of the usual order of words.42
2792380228AmbiguityThe purposeful creation of a statement with more than one possible meaning.43
2792380957NeologismA recently invented phrase or word. It is sometimes used to make authors look up-to-date or trendy.44
2792381553JargonThe specified language of a professional, occupational, or other group. Connotatively, it means pretentious, wordy, and almost meaningless language.45
2792382942ColloquialismA word or phrase that is not formal or literary, typically one used in ordinary or familiar conversation.46
2792383179ConcreteA word that specifies what is tangible, something experienced with at least one of the five senses. It gives meaning to the writing.47
2792384349AbstractA word that signifies a general concept, an idea, or a condition that is intangible.48
2792387145SatireA word that targets human vices and follies or social institution and conventions.49
2792389245Juvenalian SatireHarsh, biting satire, full of moral indignation and bitter contempt.50
2792391904Horatian Satiregentle, amused, witty satire; mildly corrective.51
2792392379NarrativeAny type of writing that is concerned with relating an event or a series of events.52
2792392822Homily/SermonA religious speech meant to be spoken out loud and containing a moral or didactic lesson.53
2792395387EulogyA speech or writing in praise of a person or thing, especially in honor of a deceased person.54
2792396224ElegyA thoughtful poem lamenting someone's death.55
2792397005AllegoryA literary work that occurs on two levels: the literal and the symbolic. Thus, actions, characters, settings, and object have symbolic, abstract meaning.56

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