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Ap Language Flashcards

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5215525290AllegoryIs a figure of speech in which abstract ideas and principles are described in terms if characters and events. Ex) "axis of evil" used allegorically for three countries we were at war with0
5215525291AmbiguousA word, phrase ot statement which contains more than one meaning. Ex) each of us saw her duck (duck has more than one meaning)1
5215525292AmbivalenceIndicates more than one possible attitude being displayed toward a character, theme, or idea.2
5215525293AnalogyA comparison in which an idea or a thing is compared to another thing that is quite different from it. Aims at explaining that idea it thing by comparing it to something familiar. Ex). You are as annoying as nails on a chalkboard3
5215525294AntithesisLiteral meaning opposite, is a rhetorical device in which two opposite ideas are put together in a sentece to achieve a contrasting effect. Ex) small step for man but a giant step for mankind4
5215525295ApostropheIn literature, apostrophe is a figure of speech sometimes represented by exclamation "O". A writer or a speaker, using an apostrophe, detaches himself from the reality and addresses an imaginary character in his speech.5
5215525296Catharsisis an emotional discharge through which one can achieve a state of moral or spiritual renewal or achieve a state of liberation from anxiety and stress.6
5215525297Colloquial(ism)In literature, colloquialism is the use of informal words, phrases or even slang in a piece of writing. ex)go bananas - go insane or be very angry7
5215525298Connotationrefers to a meaning that is implied by a word apart from the thing which it describes explicitly. Words carry cultural and emotional associations or meanings in addition to their literal meanings or denotations. ex) A dog connotes shamelessness or an ugly face.8
5215525299DidacticA novel, play or poem that is didactic aims to teach us something9
5215525300Delineatedescribe or portray10
5215525301EpiphanyIn literary terms, an epiphany is that moment in the story where a character achieves realization, awareness or a feeling of knowledge after which events are seen through the prism of this new light in the story.11
5215525302EthosIn rhetoric, ethos represents credibility or an ethical appeal which involves persuasion by the character involved.12
5215525303GeneralizationA generalization is defined as a broad statement or an idea that applies to a group of people or things13
5215525304Ironyin which words are used in such a way that their intended meaning is different from the actual meaning of the words. It may also be a situation that may end up in quite a different way than what is generally anticipated. In simple words, it is a difference between the appearance and the reality.14
5215525305UnderstatementAn understatement is a figure of speech employed by writers or speakers to intentionally make a situation seem less important than it really is.15
5215525306PathosPathos is a quality of an experience in life or a work of art that stirs up emotions of pity, sympathy and sorrow. Pathos can be expressed through words, pictures or even with gestures of the body.16
5215525307MotifMotif is an object or idea that repeats itself throughout a literary work.17
5215525308SyntaxSyntax is a set of rules in a language. It dictates how words from different parts of speech are put together in order to convey a complete thought.18
5215525309Objectiveinformation on the other hand is meant to be completely unbiased. There is a feeling of the writer or speaker being outside of the information, and when they present it they do so without taking a stance or expressing their feelings in relation to that information.19
5215525310Subjectiveis generally considered to be a single person's opinion. It has a viewpoint, or possibly a bias, regardless of the information it provides.20
5215525311Logossentence or argument used to convince or persuade the targeted audience by employing reason or logic.21
5215525312Metaphoris a figure of speech which makes an implicit, implied or hidden comparison between two things that are unrelated but share some common characteristics. In other words, a resemblance of two contradictory or different objects is made based on a single or some common characteristics.22
5215525313MetonymyIt is a figure of speech that replaces the name of a thing with the name of something else with which it is closely associated. ex)Let me give you a hand. (Hand means help.)23
5215525314Allusionis a brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance. It does not describe in detail the person or thing to which it refers. It is just a passing comment and the writer expects the reader to possess enough knowledge to spot the allusion and grasp its importance in a text.24
5215525315Anecdoteis defined as a short and interesting story or an amusing event often proposed to support or demonstrate some point and make readers and listeners laugh.25
5215525316Antecedentis an earlier clause, phrase or word to which a pronoun, another word or a noun refers back to.Broadly speaking, antecedent is a literary device in which a word or pronoun in a line or sentence refers to an earlier word, for instance, "while giving treats to children or friends offer them whatever they like."26
5215525317Aphorismis a statement of truth or opinion expressed in a concise and witty manner. The term is often applied to philosophical, moral and literary principles. ex) Words are, of course, the most powerful drug used by mankind. [Rudyard Kipling]27
5215525318AsideThe similarity between them is that a single character speaks directly to himself/herself, or the audience and no other character can hear character's speech. a shorter comment.28
5215525319Clicherefers to an expression that has been overused to the extent that it loses its original meaning or novelty. A cliché may also refer to actions and events which are predictable because of some previous events.29
5215525320Circumlocutioncan be defined as an ambiguous or paradoxical way of expressing things, ideas or views. In fact, when somebody wants to stay ambiguous about anything and he does not want to say something directly, it means he is using circumlocution.30
5215525321Denotationefined as a poem or song in the form of elegiac couplets, written in honor of someone deceased. It typically laments or mourns the death of the individual.31
5215525322Elegy, elegiacdefined as a poem or song in the form of elegiac couplets, written in honor of someone deceased. It typically laments or mourns the death of the individual.32
5215525323euphemismrefers to polite, indirect expressions which replace words and phrases considered harsh and impolite or which suggest something unpleasant.33
5215525324Hyperbolewhich involves an exaggeration of ideas for the sake of emphasis.34
5215525325Oxymorontwo opposite ideas are joined to create an effect. The common oxymoron phrase is a combination of an adjective proceeded by a noun with contrasting meanings, e.g. "cruel kindness" or "living death".35
5215525326JuxtapositionJuxtaposition is a literary technique in which two or more ideas, places, characters and their actions are placed side by side in a narrative or a poem for the purpose of developing comparisons and contrasts.36
5215525327Omniscientnarrative in third person in which a narrator knows the feelings and thoughts of every character in the story37
5215525328Paradoxmeans contrary to expectations, existing belief or perceived opinion. ex)Wise fool38
5215525329Parallelismuse of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same; or similar in their construction, sound, meaning or meter.39
5215525330PedanticA pedantic is someone who is concerned with precision, formalism, accuracy, minute details in order to make an arrogant and ostentatious show of learning. He could be a writer, a character, feelings, tone or words.40
5215525331PicaresqueType of novel main character crazy or rebel41
5215525332Satireemployed by writers to expose and criticize foolishness and corruption of an individual or a society by using humor, irony, exaggeration or ridicule.42
5215525333Stream of consciousnessstream of consciousness is a method of narration that describes in words the flow of thoughts in the minds of the characters.43
5215525334Symbolismis the use of symbols to signify ideas and qualities by giving them symbolic meanings that are different from their literal sense.44
5215525335Invectivedenotes speech or writing that attacks, insults, or denounces a person, topic, or institution. It involves the use of abusive and negative use of language. The tool of invective is generally employed in both poetry and prose to reiterate the significance of the deeply felt emotions of the writer.45
5215525336Cacophonyrefers to the use of words with sharp, harsh, hissing and unmelodious sounds primarily those of consonants to achieve desired results.46
5215525337EuphonyIt can be defined as the use of words and phrases that are distinguished as having a wide range of noteworthy melody or loveliness in the sounds they create.47

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