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AP Language Flashcards

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7234275111Simple sentenceOne single independent clause.0
7234275112Compound sentenceTwo independent clauses, or two simple sentences with a conjunction between them.1
7234276362Complex sentenceAn independent clause and at least one subordinate clause.2
7234277056Compound-complex sentenceTwo independent clauses and at least one subordinate clause.3
7234278833Loose sentenceA basic sentence with details added immediately at the end of the basic sentence elements.4
7234282767Periodic sentenceA sentence in which details are placed either before the sentence or within.5
7234284186SynecdocheA part of something is used to refer to the whole.6
7234286394MetonymyAn entity is referred to by one of its attributes.7
7234287164ParallelismA set of similarly structured words, phrases, or clauses that appears in a sentence or paragraph.8
7234287973DictionWord choice, which is viewed on scales of formality/informality, concreteness/abstraction, Latinate derivation/Anglo-Saxon derivation, and denotative/connotative values.9
7234295117Latinate DictionVocabulary characterized by the choice of elaborate, often complicated words derived from Latin roots.10
7234300722Anglo-Saxon DictionWord choice characterized by simple, often one- or two- syllable nouns, adjectives, and adverbs.11
7234304694SlangInformal language, often considered inappropriate for formal occasions and text.12
7234306402DialectThe describable patterns of a language - grammar and vocabulary - used by a particular cultural or ethnic population.13
7234309943PersonificationThe giving of human characteristics to inanimate objects.14
7234311262PeriphrasisThe substitution of an attributive word or phrase for a proper name, or the use of a proper name to suggest a personality characteristic.15
7234312110DenotationThe dictionary definition of a word.16
7234313451ConnotationThe implied meaning of a word.17
7234314218SchemeAn artful variation from typical formation and arrangement of words or sentences.18
7234315068TropeAn artful variation from expected modes of expression of thoughts and ideas.19
7234316063Parallelism of wordsParallel construction applied strictly to words.20
7234317351Parallelism of phrasesParallel construction applied strictly to phrases.21
7234319379PunA play on words that sound alike, but have different meanings, or those that are used differently in relation to two other words it governs or modifies.22
7234320709AnthimeriaOne part of speech - for example, a noun - substituting for another - for example, a verb.23
7234324966Parallelism of clausesParallel construction applied strictly to clauses.24
7234325901AntithesisThe juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas, often in parallel structure.25
7234327755Antithesis of wordsThe juxtaposition of contrasting words.26
7234328557Antithesis of phrasesThe juxtaposition of contrasting phrases.27
7234328558Antithesis of clausesThe juxtaposition of contrasting clauses.28
7234329496AntimetaboleThe repetition of words in successive clauses in reverse grammatical order.29
7234330180OnomatopoeiaSounds of the words used are related to their meaning.30
7234332596HyperboleAn exaggeration for effect.31
7234333513ParenthesisAn insertion of material that interrupts the typical flow of a sentence.32
7234425965AppositiveA noun or noun phrase that follows another noun immediately and defines or amplifies its meaning.33
7234427810EllipsisThe omission of words, the meaning of which is provided by the overall context of a passage.34
7235521367AsyndetonThe omission of conjunctions between related clauses.35
7234428800AlliterationThe repetition of consonants at the beginning or in the middle of two or more adjacent words.36
7235492552AssonanceThe repetition of vowel sounds in the stressed syllables of two or more adjacent words.37
7235494475LitotesAn understatement. Can be used to both soften criticism or express reserved optimism.38
7235496193IronyWriting or speaking that implies the contrary of what is actually written or spoken.39
7235497721AnaphoraThe repetition of a group of words at the beginning of successive clauses.40
7235499350EpistropheThe repetition of a group of words at the end of successive clauses.41
7235500829AnadiplosisThe repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the next clause.42
7235504689ClimaxThe arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in order of increasing number or importance.43
7235507612SimileA type of comparison that uses like or as.44
7235508283MetaphorAn implied comparison that does not use like or as.45
7235508908OxymoronJuxtaposed words with seemingly contradictory meanings.46
7235510192Rhetorical questionA question posed by the speaker or writer not to seek an answer but to affirm or deny a point by simply asking a question about it.47

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