Terms : Hide Images
| 14360909500 | Allegory | the device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning . An example is an when an author may intend the characters to personify an abstraction like hope or freedom. Usually deals with the moral truth or generalization about human existence. | 0 | |
| 14360929673 | Alliteration | the repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words( eg., she sells seashells ) Although the term is not used frequently in the multiple-choice section, you can look for alliteration in any essay passage. the repetition can reference meaning, unify ideas, supply a musical sound, and/or echo the sense of the passage | 1 | |
| 14486072319 | Allusion | A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art. Allusions can be historical, literary, religious, topical, or mythical. There are many more possibilities, and a work may simultaneously use multiple layers of allusion. | 2 | |
| 14486077352 | Ambiguity | The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage. | 3 | |
| 14486084125 | Anadiplosis | repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause ("Fear leads to anger;anger leads to hate, hate leads to suffering,-Yoda) | 4 | |
| 14486096726 | Analogy | A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. An analogy can explain something unfamiliar by associating it with or pointing out its similarity to something more familiar. Analogies can also make writing more vivid, imaginative, or intellectually engaging | 5 | |
| 14486116731 | Anaphora | One of the devices of repetition, in which the same expression (word or words) is repeated at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences. ("it was the best of times, it was the worst of times") | 6 | |
| 14486123379 | Anacdote | a short narrative detailing particulars of an interesting episode or event. the term most frequently refers to an incident in the life of a person | 7 | |
| 14486137898 | antecedent | the word, phrase, or clause to which a pronoun refers. | 8 | |
| 14486148597 | Aphorism | A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. | 9 | |
| 14491893741 | Antimetabole | repetition of words, in successive clauses, in reverse grammatical order | 10 | |
| 14491894603 | Antithesis | the juxtaposition of contrasting words or ideas, often/ not always in parallel structure | 11 | |
| 14491913854 | Anthimeria | the substitution of one part of speech for another(such as a noun used as a verb) | 12 | |
| 14491943984 | Apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. | 13 | |
| 14491958221 | Appositive | a noun or pronoun — often with modifiers — set beside another noun or pronoun to explain or identify it. | 14 | |
| 14491966005 | assertion | a confident and forceful statement of fact or belief | 15 | |
| 14491972034 | Assonance | the repetition of the sound of a vowel non-rhyming stressed syllables near to each other | 16 | |
| 14491986234 | Asyndeton | the omission or absence of conjunction between parts of a sentence | 17 | |
| 14491995005 | audience | those particular individuals for whom a text is intended | 18 | |
| 14492003793 | author's purpose | the ultimate objective that an author seeks to achieve in creating a text | 19 | |
| 14497848590 | atmosphere/mood | The emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described.(*) | 20 | |
| 14497877864 | clause | A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb. (*) | 21 | |
| 14497894191 | Adverbial | a dependent clause that functions as an adverb | 22 | |
| 14497898262 | Noun | a dependent clause that functions as an adverb | 23 | |
| 14497906573 | adjectival | a dependent clause that functions as an adjective | 24 | |
| 14497919078 | classical appeals (logos, ethos, pathos) | Aristotle's three types of persuasion (logic, morals, emotions) | 25 | |
| 14497924402 | Cliché | a phrase or opinion that is overused and betrays a lack of original thought. | 26 | |
| 14497940743 | Climax | arrangement of words, phrases, or clauses in an order of increasing importance, often in parallel structure | 27 | |
| 14497993440 | colloquial/colloquialism | The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. Not generally acceptable for formal writing, colloquialisms give a work a conversational, familiar tone. Colloquial expressions in writing include local or regional dialects. | 28 | |
| 14498178677 | Coherence | A principle demanding that the parts of any composition be arranged so that the meaning of the whole may be immediately clear and intelligible. | 29 | |
| 14498203306 | Conceit | A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. | 30 | |
| 14498205995 | Connotation | the non literal, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning. Connotations may involve ideas, emotions, or attitudes | 31 | |
| 14498223162 | Consonance | the repetition of consonants in words stressed in the same place (but whose vowels differ) | 32 | |
| 14498233982 | content | what is said in a given text vs how it is said | 33 | |
| 14498242838 | denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color. | 34 | |
| 14498253143 | dictation | related to style, diction refers to the writer's word choices. especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness | 35 | |
| 14498275723 | didactic | From the Greek, didactic literally means "teaching." Didactic words have the primary aim of teaching or instructing,especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles. | 36 | |
| 14498291234 | double entendre | A figure of speech in which a word or phrase can be understood in two ways, especially when one meaning is risqué. | 37 | |
| 14498302230 | Epistrophe | the opposite of anaphors, repetition at the end of successive clauses | 38 | |
| 14498318624 | Epithet | attributing to a person or thing a quality or description- sometimes by the simple addition of a descriptive adjective; sometimes through a descriptive or metaphorical apposition | 39 | |
| 14498342413 | Epizeuxis | the repetition of a word or phrase in immediate succession | 40 | |
| 14498522456 | Euphemism | From the Greek for "good speech," euphemisms are a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept. The euphemism may be used to adhere to standards of social or political correctness or to add humor or ironic understatement. Saying "earthly remains" rather than "corpse" is an example of euphemism. | 41 | |
| 14498670698 | evaluate | to think carefully about something before making a judgement about its value, importance, or quality | 42 | |
| 14498688129 | Exposition | In essays, one of the four chief types of composition, the others being argumentation, description, and narration. The purpose of exposition is to explain something. In drama, the exposition is the introductory material, which creates the tone, gives the setting, and introduces the characters and conflict. | 43 | |
| 14498695396 | extended metaphor | A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work. | 44 | |
| 14498701989 | figurative language | Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid. | 45 | |
| 14498712365 | figure of speech | a device used to produce figurative language(*) | 46 | |
| 14498721228 | form | how something is said ( literally, the "shape" of it) versus what is said in a given text | 47 | |
| 14498728734 | generic conventions | This term describes traditions for each genre. (*) | 48 | |
| 14498758914 | Genre | the major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of the literature are prose, poetry, and drama.(*) | 49 | |
| 14498772061 | homily | This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice. | 50 | |
| 14498790785 | Hyperbole | A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement.(*) | 51 | |
| 14498973964 | Idiom | an expression whose meanings is not predictable from the usual meanings of its constituents, as, kick the bucket, or from the general grammatical rules of a language, as the table round, for the round table, and that is not a constituent of a larger expression of like characteristics | 52 | |
| 14499004393 | Imagery | the sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions | 53 | |
| 14499078454 | inference/infer | to draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented | 54 | |
| 14499092303 | invective | An emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language. | 55 | |
| 14499126180 | irony/ironic | the contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant | 56 | |
| 14499140281 | Juxtaposition | Placing dissimilar items, descriptions, or ideas close together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast. | 57 | |
| 14499157958 | Litotes | understatement by defining something by what it is not | 58 | |
| 14499220313 | loose sentence | A type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses.a sentence that begins with a main clause that is followed by a subordinate clauseper | 59 | |
| 14502456478 | Metaphor | a figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity | 60 | |
| 14502480622 | Metonymy | A term from the Greek meaning "changed label" or "substitute name," a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. | 61 | |
| 14502517172 | Mood | has two meanings. the first is grammatical and deals with verbal units and speakers attitude. the second meaning of mood is literary, meaning the prevailing at atmosphere or emotional aura of work(*) | 62 | |
| 14502984186 | Narrative | The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events. | 63 | |
| 14502992846 | Onomatopoeia | a figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words | 64 | |
| 14503066950 | Oxymoron | From the Greek for "pointedly foolish," an oxymoron is a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. | 65 | |
| 14503078059 | Paradox | A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity. | 66 | |
| 14503089479 | Parallelism | Also referred to as parallel construction or parallel structure, this term comes from Greek roots meaning "beside one another." It refers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity. | 67 | |
| 14503944208 | Parody | A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule.(*) | 68 | |
| 14503963926 | pedantic | An adjective that describes words to convey a meaning that could have been expressed with shorter words | 69 | |
| 14503987193 | periodic sentence | A sentence that begins with a subordinate clause and presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. this independent clause is preceded by a phrase or clause that can not stand alone | 70 | |
| 14504149577 | Personification | A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions. | 71 | |
| 14504176262 | infinitive phrase | the combination of "to" plus the base form of a verb and any compliments or modifiers | 72 | |
| 14504191645 | participial phrase | a phrase used as an adjective phrase to modify a noun or pronoun. It includes the participle together with its modifiers, objects, or predicate words | 73 | |
| 14504199712 | prepositional phrase | starts with a preposition and ends with an object, and may have modifiers between the preposition and object of the preposition | 74 | |
| 14504213649 | Predicate Phrase | a phrase that modifies the subject of a sentence in some way. | 75 | |
| 14504224211 | point of view | In literature, the perspective from which a story is told. There are two general divisions of point of view, and many subdivisions within those. (1) first person narrator . (2) third person narrator (*) | 76 | |
| 14504242765 | predicate adjective | One type of subject complement--an adjective, group of adjectives, or adjective clause that follows a linking verb. It is in the predicate of the sentence, and modifies, or describes, the subject. | 77 | |
| 14504368232 | predicate nominative | A second type of subject complement - a noun, group of nouns, or noun clause that names the subject. It, like the predicate adjective, follows a linking verb and is located in the predicate of the sentence. | 78 | |
| 14504380094 | Prose | one of the major divisions of genre, prose refers to fiction and nonfiction, including all its forms. In prose the printer determines the length of the line; in poetry, the poet determines the length of the line. | 79 | |
| 14504395482 | Pun | (paranomasia) word play that suggests two or meanings by exploiting multiple meanings of words or similar- sounding words | 80 | |
| 14504423002 | Repetition | The duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as a sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern. | 81 | |
| 14504471063 | rhetor | The speaker who uses elements of rhetoric effectively in oral or written test. | 82 | |
| 14504471762 | Rhetoric | From the Greek for "orator," this term describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively. | 83 | |
| 14504484130 | rhetorical modes | This flexible term describes the variety, the conventions, and the purposes of the major kinds of writing.(*) | 84 | |
| 14504535785 | rhectorical triangle | the interconnection between the audience or listener, the speaker, and the purpose or subject of a text. | 85 | |
| 14504549240 | Sarcasm | From the Greek meaning "to tear flesh," sarcasm involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something.(*) | 86 | |
| 14504668068 | Satire | A work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule.(*) | 87 | |
| 14505146259 | Semantics | The branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another. | 88 | |
| 14505149528 | sentence fragment | an incomplete sentence; a sentence that does not have a full thought | 89 | |
| 14505153204 | simple sentence | a sentence consisting with one main clause | 90 | |
| 14505163715 | compound sentence | a sentence with two main clauses | 91 | |
| 14505167727 | complex sentence | a sentence with a main clause and a subordinate clause | 92 | |
| 14505184961 | compound-complex sentence | a sentence with two main clauses and at least one subordinate clause | 93 | |
| 14505193755 | conditional sentence | a sentence discussing known factors and hypothetical situations (usually phrased in the form of "if...then") | 94 | |
| 14505216360 | interrogative sentence | A sentence that asks a question | 95 | |
| 14505227616 | shift | any kind of change in tone, diction, plot structure, or other literary element | 96 | |
| 14505251609 | slang | informal speech used by a particular group of people | 97 | |
| 14505258845 | Speaker | the individual voice of the narrator (not necessarily the author) and all of the characteristics of that individual | 98 | |
| 14505340967 | stream of consciousness | a person's thoughts and conscious reactions to events, perceived as a continuous flow | 99 | |
| 14505393420 | Style | the consideration of style has two purposes | 100 | |
| 14505398444 | Subject vs. Object | that which commits the action versus that which takes the action. | 101 | |
| 14505440886 | subject complement | The word (with any accompanying phrases) or clause that follows a linking verb and complements, or completes, the subject of the sentence by either (1) renaming it or (2) describing it | 102 | |
| 14505454594 | subordinate clause | Like all clauses, this word group contains both a subject and a verb (plus any accompanying phrases or modifiers), but unlike the independent clause, the subordinate clause cannot stand alone; it does not express a complete thought. Also called a dependent clause | 103 | |
| 14505463972 | Syllogism | From the Greek for "reckoning together," a syllogism (or syllogistic reasoning or syllogistic logic) is a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (the first one called "major" and the second called "minor") that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. (*) | 104 | |
| 14505469790 | symbol/symbolism | Generally, anything that represents itself and stands for something else.(*) | 105 | |
| 14505475141 | Synecdoche | A figure of speech in which a part is used to describe the whole | 106 | |
| 14505479672 | Synthesthetic | the description of one kind of sense impression by using words that normally describe another | 107 | |
| 14505484067 | Syntax | the way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences(*) | 108 | |
| 14505487848 | Theme | the central idea or message of work, the insight it offers into life | 109 | |
| 14505510388 | Thesis | in expository writing, the thesis statement is the sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or position | 110 | |
| 14505518794 | Tone | Similar to mood, tone describes the author's attitude toward his material, the audience, or both. | 111 | |
| 14505520845 | transition | a word or phrase that links different ideas(*) | 112 | |
| 14505525065 | Trope | a:n artful variation from expected modes of expression of thoughts and ideas; a figure of speech involving a "turn" or change of sense- a use of the word in a sense other than its proper or literal one | 113 | |
| 14505531897 | Understatement | the ironic minimizing of fact, understatement presents something as less significant than it is | 114 | |
| 14505534432 | Undertone | An attitude that may lie under the ostensible tone of the piece. | 115 | |
| 14505536957 | unrealiable narrator | an untrustworthy or naive commentator on events and characters in a story | 116 | |
| 14505540296 | Validity | is rhetoric, how true or well-supported is the argument | 117 | |
| 14505549941 | active voice | The subject of the sentence commits on action upon the object (subject first then object)( the enemy defeated bu the troops) | 118 | |
| 14507738623 | passive voice | the object is acted by the subject the object of the sentence appears before the subject (the troops were defeated) | 119 | |
| 14507752071 | wit | In modern usage, intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights.(*) | 120 | |
| 14507765029 | Zeugma | a trope, one word (usually a noun or main verb) governs two other words not related in meaning. "He maintained a business and his innocence." | 121 |
