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AP Language General Argument Terms Flashcards

Terms : Hide Images
6759800922AmbiguityThe state of having more than one meaning, which has the capacity to cause confusion- generally, unintentional.0
6759800923AntithesisEstablishes a clear contrasting relationship between two ideas by joining them together or juxtaposing them, often in parallel structure. Ex - "Success makes men proud; failure makes them wise1
6759800924AnalogySuggestion that two ideas, situations, are comparable in certain ways2
6759800927ApophasisEmphasizes something by seeming to pass over it Ex - We will not bring up the matter of the budget deficit here because the real problem is...3
6759800928AssertionConclusion one draws based on some combination of reasons and assumptions (Claim, Thesis)4
6759800929AssumptionProvides the connection between the evidence or proof and the conclusions drawn from the proof (the "unseen glue" in an argument)5
6759800931BackingSupport, justification, reasons to back up the warrant or claim (see Toulmin model)6
6759800932ClaimAn assertion or thesis7
6759800933ConcessionThe admitting or acknowledgement of a point claimed in an argument8
6759800937DeductiveA type of reasoning/method of organizing arguments by drawing a conclusion based on a general principle9
6759800939DogmatismAn ethical fallacy in which a person attempts to persuade by asserting or assuming that a particular position is the only one conceivable acceptable (implies that there are no arguments to be made....)10
6759800941EquivocationTwo meanings at the same time in one word or phrase11
6759800944ExemplumCiting a example or story12
6759800945GroundsReasons or supporting evidence that bolster the claim in an argument (part of Toulmin model)13
6759800946InductiveA type of reasoning/method of organizing arguments by generalizing from specific data14
6759800947InferenceThe act or process of deriving logical conclusions from premises known or assumed to be true15
6759800951Pathetic FallacyGives human qualities to inanimate objects (like personification)...comes from PATHOS16
6759800952PremiseA proposition upon which an argument is based or from which a conclusion is drawn (assumed to be true)17
6759800957Rogerian ArgumentCarl Rogers's argument model is a conflict solving technique based on finding common ground instead of a polarizing debate18
6759800959Syllogismclassic outline of deduction used to test the logic of an argument. It contains a major premise (premise which contains the major term) and a minor premise (premise that contains the minor term).19
6759800960WarrantThe principle, provision or chain of reasoning that connect the grounds/reason to the claim.20
6759800962QualificationSpecification of limits to claim, warrant and backing. The degree of conditionality asserted.21

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