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AP Language key terms Flashcards

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7260100374Allegorya narrative in which the characters, behavior, etc. demonstrate symbolism on many levels0
7260100375Alliterationthe sequential repetition of a similar initial sound1
7260100376Allusiona literary, historical, religious, or mythological reference2
7260100377Anaphorathe regular repetition of the same word or phrase at the beginning of successive phrases3
7260100378AntithesisThe juxtaposition of contrasting ideas in balanced phrases, words, grammatical, structure or ideas4
7260100379AphorismA concise statement of a truth or principle5
7260100380ApostropheAn address or invocation to something inanimate6
7260100381Appeals to authority, emotion or logicRhetorical arguments in which the speaker claims to be an authority or expert in field. Ex. Ethos, logos and pathos7
7260100382Assonancethe repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds8
7260100383AsyndetonA syntactical structure in which conjunctions are omitted in a series, usually producing more rapid prose9
7260100384AttitudeThe sense expressed by the tone of voice or the mood of a piece of writing, the authors feeling towards their subject, characters l, events or theme.10
7260100385Begging the questionAn argumentative ploy where the arguer sidesteps the question or the conflict, evades or ignores the real question.11
7260100386CannonThat which has been accepted as authentic, such as in cannon law, or the "cannon according to the theories of Einstein"12
7260100387Chiasmusa figure of speech containing two phrases that are parallel but inverted to each other13
7260100388ClaimA figure of speech and generally a syntactical structure wherein the order of the terms in the first half of a parallel clause is reversed in the second.14
7260100389ColloquialA term identifying the diction of the common, ordinary folks, especially in a specific region or area. Example: southerns using the colloquial expression "y'all"15
7260100390compare and contrastShows how two or more things are alike and how they are different16
7260100391Connotationthe implied or associative meaning of a word17
7260100392ConceitComparison of two unlikely things that is drawn out within a piece of literature, in particular an extended metaphor within a poem.18
7260100393ConsonanceRepetition of a consonant sound within two or more words in close proximity.19
7260100394ConventionAn accepted manner, model or tradition.20
7260100395CritqueAn assessment or analysis of something, such as a passage of writing, for the purpose of the determining what it is, what its limitation are, and how it conforms to the standard of the genre21
7260100396deductive reasoningThe process of using logic to draw conclusions22
7260100397Dialecta particular form of a language that is peculiar to a specific region or social group. Example: southerners using y'all23
7260100398Dictionthe choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.24
7260100399Didactic(Greek: "good teaching") writing or speech is didactic when it has an instructive purpose or a lesson.25
7260100400Elegya poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead.26
7260100401EpistropheRepetition of the same words or phrases at the ends of successive sentences27
7260100402epitaphWriting in praise of a dead person, most often inscribed upon a headstone28
7260100403EthosCredibility.29
7260100404EuphemismIndirect, kinder, or less harsh or hurtful way of expressing unpleasant info.30
7260100405Expositionthe interpretation or analysis of a text31
7260100406eulogya formal speech praising a person who has died32
7260100407extended metaphorA series of comparisons within a piece of writing33
7260100408Figurative languageFigurative language has levels of meaning expressed through figures of speech such as personification, metaphor hyperbole, irony, oxymoron, and others34
7260100409FlashbackAn earlier event is inserted into the normal chronology of the narration35
7260100410GenreA type or class literature such as epic, narrative, poetry, biography history36
7260100411HomilyA sermon but more contemporary uses include a serious talk speech or lecture involving moral or spiritual life37
7260100412Hyperboleextreme exaggeration38
7260100413ImageryBroadly defined, any sensory detail or evocation in a work; more narrowly the use of figurative speech to evoke feeling, call to find an idea, or to describe an object. basically involves any or all of the five senses39
7260100414Inductive reasoningThe method of reasoning or argument and which general statements and conclusions are drawn from specific principles40
7260100415InferenceI conclusion or proposition arrived at by considering facts, observations, or some other specific data41
7260100416IronyThe contrast between what is stated explicitly what is really meant Verbal irony: what the author/error says is actually the opposite of what is meant. Situational irony: when events end up the opposite of what is expected Dramatic irony: and drama and fiction, fax or situations are going to the audience but not the characters42
7260100417IsocolonParallel structure in which the parallel elements are similar not only to grammatical structure but also in length43
7260100418JargonSpecialized or technical language of a trade, profession or similar group44
7260100419Juxtapositionthe location of one thing as being adjacent or juxtaposed with another to create an effect, reveal an attitude or accomplish some other purpose45
7260100420LitoteA figure of speech that emphasizes its subject by conscious understatement46
7260100421Loose sentenceA long sentence that starts with its main clause, which is followed by several dependent clauses and modifying phrases.47
7260100422MetaphorOne thing pictured as if it were something else, suggesting a likeness or an analogy. Metaphor is an implicit comparison or identification of one thing with another without the use of a verbal signal such as like or as48
7260100423MetonymyA figure of speech in which an attribute or commonly associated feature is used to name or designate something49
7260100424Mode of discourseThe way in which information is presented in written or spoken form.50
7260100425MoodFeeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader51
7260100426NarrativeAmount of discourse that tells a story of some sort and it is based on sequences of connected if that's, usually presented in a straightforward chronological framework52
7260100427OnomatopoeiaA word that imitates the sound it represents.53
7260100428OxymoronA figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase.54
7260100429Paradoxa statement that seems contradictory but is actually true55
7260100430parallel structureThe use of similar forms a writing nouns, verbs, phrases, or thoughts,56
7260100431Pathosappeal to emotion57
7260100432periodic sentenceA long sentence in which the main clause is not completed until the end58
7260100433PersonificationTreating an abstraction or nonhuman object as if it were a person by endowing it with human features of qualities59
7260100434Point of viewThe relation in which a narrator/author stands to a subject of discourse60
7260100435ProseThe ordinary form of written language without metrical structure in contrast to verse and poetry.61
7260100436RealismAttempting to describe nature and life without idealization and with attention to detail62
7260100437rebuttal/refutationAn argument technique where in opposing arguments are anticipated and countered63
7260100438RhetoricThe art of using language effectively and persuasively64
7260100439Rhetorical questionA question asked merely for effect with no answer expected.65
7260100440SarcasmA form of verbal irony in which apparent praise is actually critical66
7260100441SatireA literary style used to make fun of or ridicule an idea or human vice or weakness67
7260100442SimilesA direct, explicit comparison of one thing to another, usually using the words like or as to draw the connection68
7260100443StyleThe manner in which a writer combines and arranges words, shapes ideas, and utilizes syntax and structure. It is a distinctive manner of expression that represents the authors typical writing style69
7260100444SymbolismUse of a person, place, thing, events, or pattern that figuratively represents or stands for something else70
7260100445Synecdochea figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa example: fifty masts = fifty ships71
7260100446SyntaxThe way words are put together to form phrases, clauses, and sentences. Syntax is sentence structure and how it influences the way the reader receives a particular piece of writing72
7260100447ThemeThe central of dominant idea or focus of a work73
7260100448Tonean attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience74
7260100449VoiceThe acknowledged or unacknowledged source of the words of the story; the speakers or narrators particular take an idea based on particular passage and how all the elements of the style of the piece come together to express his or her feelings75
7260100450ZeugmaA grammatically correct construction it which a word, usually a verb or adjective, is applied to two or more nouns without being repeated76

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