Terms : Hide Images
| 9479667429 | Cumulative (Loose) Sentence | begins with a main clause that is followed by phrases and/or clauses that modify the main clause. These phrases or clauses add information to the main or independent clause. | 0 | |
| 9479667430 | Periodic Sentence | a sentence that, by leaving the completion of its main clause to the end, produces an effect of suspense. | 1 | |
| 9479667431 | Litotes/Understatement | a figure of speech in which a negative statement is used to affirm a positive statement. | 2 | |
| 9479667432 | Ethos | an appeal to ethics and it is a means of convincing someone of the character or credibility of the persuader. | 3 | |
| 9479667433 | Pathos | an appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response. | 4 | |
| 9479667434 | Induction | a logical process wherein you reason from particulars to universal, using specific cases in order to draw a conclusion, which is also called a generalization. | 5 | |
| 9479667435 | Deduction | a logical process wherein you reach a conclusion by starting with a general principle or universal truth (a major premise). | 6 | |
| 9479667436 | Equivocation | a fallacy of argument in which a lie is given the appearance of truth, or in which the truth is misrepresented in deceptive language. | 7 | |
| 9479667437 | Refutation | a denial of the validity of an opposing argument. | 8 | |
| 9479667438 | Diction | a speaker's choice of words. Analysis of diction looks at these choices and what they add to the speaker's message. | 9 | |
| 9479667439 | Rhetoric | it is the art of finding ways of persuading an audience (art of using words to persuade in writing or speaking). | 10 | |
| 9479667440 | Allusion | brief reference to a person, event, or place (real or fictitious) to to a work of art. | 11 | |
| 9479667441 | Hyperbole | deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis or to produce a comic or ironic effect; an overstatement to make a point. | 12 | |
| 9479667442 | Personification | attribution of a lifelike quality to an inanimate object or an idea. | 13 | |
| 9479667443 | Polysyndeton | the deliberate use of multiple conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses or words. | 14 | |
| 9479667444 | Parallelism | similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses. | 15 | |
| 9479667445 | Enumeration | to mention separately as if in counting; name one by one; specify, as in list | 16 | |
| 9479667446 | Rhetorical Question | Figure of speech in the form of a question posed for the rhetorical effect rather than for the purpose of getting an answer. Ex.) Are you stupid? | 17 | |
| 9479667447 | Chiasmus | the reversal in the order of words in two otherwise parallel phrases. Ex.) He went to the country, the country went to him. | 18 | |
| 9479667448 | Rebuttal | In the Toulon model, a rebuttal gives voice to possible objections. | 19 | |
| 9479667449 | Bandwagon Appeal | a fallacy of argument in which a course of action is recommended on the grounds that everyone else is following it. | 20 | |
| 9479667450 | Begging the Question | a fallacy of argument in which a claim is based on the very grounds that are in doubt or dispute. | 21 | |
| 9479667451 | Anecdote | a brief story used to illustrate a point or claim. | 22 | |
| 9479667452 | Narrative | is nothing more than storytelling. There is a beginning, a middle, and an end. | 23 | |
| 9479667453 | Dogmatism` | a fallacy of argument in which a claim is supported on the grounds that it's the only conclusion acceptable within a given community. | 24 | |
| 9479667454 | Non sequitor | a fallacy of argument in which claims, reasons, or warrants fail to connect logically; one point doesn't follow from another. | 25 | |
| 9479667466 | Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. A story in which each aspect of the story has a symbolic meaning outside the tale itself. | 26 | |
| 9479667467 | Alliteration | The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (as in "she sells sea shells"). | 27 | |
| 9479667468 | Antithesis | the opposition or contrast of ideas; the direct opposite. | 28 | |
| 9479667469 | Aphorism | A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. (If the authorship is unknown, the statement is generally considered to be a folk proverb.) | 29 | |
| 9479667470 | Apostrophe | A prayer like figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. It is an address to someone or something that cannot answer. | 30 | |
| 9479667471 | Colloquial/Colloquialism | The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing. | 31 | |
| 9479667472 | Connotation | The non-literal, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning. | 32 | |
| 9479667473 | Denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude, or color. | 33 | |
| 9479667474 | Didactic | From the Greek, didactic literally means "teaching." Intending to teach, and particularly, to have moral instruction as an ulterior motive. | 34 | |
| 9479667475 | Euphemism | From the Greek for "good speech," euphemisms are a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept - POLITICALLY CORRECT | 35 | |
| 9479667476 | Extended Metaphor | A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work. | 36 | |
| 9479667477 | Figurative Language/Figure of Speech | Figurative language has levels of meaning expressed through figures of speech such as personification, metaphor, hyperbole, irony, oxymoron, litote, and others. | 37 | |
| 9479667478 | Genre | The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama. | 38 | |
| 9479667479 | Homily | This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice. | 39 | |
| 9479667480 | Imagery | The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. | 40 | |
| 9479667481 | Inference/infer | To draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented. | 41 | |
| 9479667482 | Invective | an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language. | 42 | |
| 9479667483 | Irony/ironic | The contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant, or the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true. | 43 | |
| 9479667484 | Loose sentence/non-periodic sentence | A type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) comes first, followed by dependent grammatical units such as phrases and clauses. | 44 | |
| 9479667485 | Metaphor | A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity. | 45 | |
| 9479667486 | Metonymy | A figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. | 46 | |
| 9479667487 | Mood | The prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work resulting from the tone of a piece. | 47 | |
| 9479667488 | onomatopoeia | A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words. | 48 | |
| 9479667489 | Oxymoron | Oxymoron is a figure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. | 49 | |
| 9479667490 | Paradox | A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity. | 50 | |
| 9479667491 | Parody | A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. | 51 | |
| 9479667492 | Pedantic | An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish (language that might be described as "show-offy"; using big words for the sake of using big words). | 52 | |
| 9479667493 | Point of view | In literature, the perspective from which a story is told. | 53 | |
| 9479667494 | Prose | written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure. | 54 | |
| 9479667495 | Sarcasm | Involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something. | 55 | |
| 9479667496 | Satire | A work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule. | 56 | |
| 9479667497 | Symbol/symbolism | Generally, anything that represents itself and stands for something else. | 57 | |
| 9479667498 | Syntax | The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences. | 58 | |
| 9479667499 | Theme | The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life. | 59 | |
| 9479667500 | Thesis | The sentence or group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or position. | 60 | |
| 9479667501 | Tone | Describes the author's attitude toward his material, the audience, or both. | 61 | |
| 9479667502 | Slippery Slope | This is the failure to provide evidence to support a claim that one event will lead to a catastrophic chain of events. | 62 | |
| 9479667503 | Juxtaposition | Making on idea more dramatic by placing it next to its opposite. | 63 | |
| 9479667504 | Logos | An appeal to reason. | 64 | |
| 9479667505 | Simile | A critical figure of speech in an argument when what is unknown is compared to something that is known using the word "like," "as," or "than" in order to better perceive its importance. | 65 | |
| 9479667506 | narrative devices | This term describes the tools of the storyteller (also used in nonfiction), such as ordering events so that they build to a climactic moment or withholding information until a crucial or appropriate moment when revealing it creates a desired effect. On the essay portion of the exam, this term may also apply to biographical and autobiographical writing. | 66 | |
| 9479667507 | narrative techniques | The style of telling the "story," even if the passage is nonfiction. Concentrate on the order of events and on their detail in evaluating a writer's technique. | 67 | |
| 9479667508 | Ad hominem argument | An argument attacking an individual's character rather than his or her position on an issue | 68 | |
| 9479667509 | Anaphora | Figure of repetition that occurs when the first word or set of words in one sentence, clause, or phrase is/are repeated at or very near the beginning of successive sentences, clauses, or phrases; repetition of the initial words over successive phrases or clauses | 69 | |
| 9479667510 | Appeal to authority | A fallacy in which a speaker or writer seeks to persuade not by giving evidence but by appealing to the respect people have for a famous person or institution. | 70 | |
| 9479667511 | Argumentation | one of the four forms of discourse which uses logic, ethics, and emotional appeals (logos, ethos, pathos) to develop an effective means to convince the reader to think or act in a certain way. | 71 | |
| 9479667512 | Assonance | Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity | 72 | |
| 9479667513 | Asyndeton | A series of words separated by commas (with no conjunction). | 73 | |
| 9479667455 | verbal irony | what the author/narrator says is actually the opposite of what is meant | 74 | |
| 9479667456 | situational irony | when events end up the opposite of what is expected | 75 | |
| 9479667457 | dramatic irony | in drama and fiction, facts or situations are known to the reader or audience but not the characters | 76 | |
| 9479667458 | jargon | specialized or technical language of a trade, profession, or similar group. | 77 | |
| 9479667459 | zeugma | a grammatically correct construction in which a word, usually a verb or adjective, is applied to two or more nouns without being repeated. It is often used for comic effect. | 78 | |
| 9479667460 | example of zeugma | I lost my keys and my temper. | 79 | |
| 9479667461 | example of ad hominem | People attacked a politician due to his extra marital affair instead of focusing on what he has done in office. | 80 | |
| 9479667462 | example of allegory | The book Animal Farm represents the main people involved in the Russian Revolution. | 81 | |
| 9479667463 | example of anaphora | I have a home. I have a car. I have a family. I have a good life. Repetition of "I have" at the beginning of the sentences. | 82 | |
| 9479667514 | example of antithesis | 83 |
