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AP Language Literary Terms Flashcards

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3839014702AllegoryA narrative in which the characters, behavior, and even the setting demonstrates multiple levels of meaning and significance. Often a universal symbol or a personified abstraction0
3839014703AlliterationThe sequential repetition of a similar initial sound, usually applied to consonants, usually in closely proximate stressed syllables1
3839014704AllusionA literary, historical, religious, or mythological reference in a literary work2
3839014705AnaphoraThe regular repetition of the same words or phrases at the beginning of successive phrases or clauses3
3839014706AntithesisThe juxtaposition of sharply contrasting ideas in balanced or parallel words, phrases, grammatical structure, or ideas4
3839014707AphorismA concise statement designed to make a point or illustrate a commonly held belief5
3839014708Appeals to... authority, emotion, logicRhetorical arguments in which the speaker claims to be an authority or expert in a field, or attempts to play upon the emotions, or appeals to the use of reason6
3839014709ApostropheAn address or invocation to something inanimate7
3839014710AssonanceThe repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds, usually in successive or proximate words8
3839014711AsyndetonA syntactical structure in which conjunctions are omitted in a series, usually producing more rapid prose9
3839014712AttitudeThe sense expressed by the tone of voice or the mood of a piece of writing; the author's feelings toward his or her subject, characters, events, or theme. It might even be his or her feelings for the reader10
3839014713Begging the questionAn argumentative ploy where the arguer sidesteps the question or the conflict, evades or ignores the real question11
3839014714CanonThat which has been accepted as authentic12
3839014715ChiasmusA figure of speech and generally a syntactical structure wherein the order of the terms in the first half of a parallel clause is reversed in the second13
3839014716ColloquialA term identifying the diction of the common, ordinary folks, especially in a specific region or area14
3839014717ConceitA comparison of two unlikely things that is drawn out within a piece of literature, in particular an extended metaphor within a poem15
3839014718ConnotationThe implied, suggested, or underlying meaning of a word or phrase16
3839014719ConsonanceThe repetition of two or more consonants with a change in intervening vowels17
3839014720CritiqueAn assessment or analysis of something, such as a passage of writing, for determining what it is, what its limitations are, and how it conforms to the standard of the genre18
3839014721Deductive reasoningThe method of argument in which specific statements and conclusions are drawn from general principles: movement from the general to the specific19
3839014722DialectThe language and speech idiosyncrasies of a specific area, region, or group20
3839014723DictionThe specific word choice an author uses to persuade or convey tone, purpose or effect21
3839014724DidacticWriting or speech that has an instructive purpose or a lesson; often associated with a dry, pompous presentation22
3839014725ElegyA poem or prose that laments, or meditates upon the death of a person23
3839014726EpistropheIn rhetoric, the repetition of a phrase at the end of successive sentences24
3839014727EpitaphWriting in praise of a dead person, most often inscribed upon a headstone25
3839014728EthosIn rhetoric, the appeal of a text to the credibility and character of the speaker, writer, or narrator26
3839014729EulogyA speech or written passage in praise of a person; an oration in honor of a deceased person27
3839014730EuphemismAn indirect, kinder, or less harsh or hurtful way of expressing unpleasant information28
3839014731ExpositionThe interpretation or analysis of a text. Also, the opening section of a narrative or dramatic structure in which characters, setting, theme, and conflict can be revealed.29
3839014732Extended metaphorA series of comparisons within a piece of writing. If they are consistently one concept, this is also known as a conceit.30
3839014733Figurative LanguageLanguage with levels of meaning expressed through figures of speech such as personification, metaphor, litote, etc.31
3839014734FlashbackAn earlier event is inserted into the normal chronology of the narration32
3839014735GenreA type or class of literature, such as epic, narrative, poetry, biography, history33
3839014736HomilyA sermon, but more contemporary uses include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual life34
3839014737HyperboleOverstatement characterized by exaggerated language, usually to make a point or draw attention35
3839014738ImageryAny sensory detail or evocation in a work to evoke a feeling, to call to mind an idea, or to describe an object. Involves any or all of the five senses.36
3839014739Inductive reasoningThe method of reasoning or argument in which general statements and conclusions are drawn from specific principles: movement from the specific to the general37
3839014740InferenceA conclusion or proposition arrived at by considering facts, observations, or some other specific data. Looking at the clues, learning the facts.38
3839014741IronyThe contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant. The intended meaning is often the opposite of what is stated, often suggesting light sarcasm.39
3839014742IsocolonParallel structure in which the parallel elements are similar not only in grammatical structure, but also in length40
3839014743JargonSpecialized or technical language of a trade, profession, or similar group41
3839014744JuxtapositionThe location of one thing adjacent to another to create an effect, reveal an attitude, or accomplish some other purpose42
3839014745LitoteA figure of speech that emphasizes its subject by conscious understatement43
3839014746Loose SentenceA long sentence that starts with its main clause, which is followed by several dependent clauses and modifying phrases44
3839014747MetaphorOne thing pictured as if it were something else, suggesting a likeness or analogy. An implicit comparison or identification of one thing with another, without the use of like or as.45
3839014748MetonymyA figure of speech in which an attribute or commonly associated feature is used to name or designate something46
3839014749Mode of DiscourseThe way in which information is presented in written or spoken form. Narration, description, process analysis , and cause and effect are all types of this.47
3839014750MoodA feeling or ambience resulting from the tone of a piece as well as the writer/narrator's attitude and point of view. It is a "feeling" that establishes the atmosphere in a work of literature or other discourse.48
3839014751NarrativeA mode of discourse that tells a story of some sort and it is based on sequences of connected events, usually presented in a straightforward, chronological framework49
3839014752OnomatopoeiaA word capturing or approximating the sound of what is described. The purpose of these words is to make a passage more effective for the reader or listener.50
3839014753OxymoronA figure of speech that combines two apparently contradictory elements51
3839014754ParadoxA statement that seems contradictory but may probably be true52
3839014755Parallel StructureThe use of similar forms in writing for nouns, verbs, phrases, or thoughts. In prose, recurrent syntactical similarity where several parts of a sentence or several sentences are expressed alike to show that their ideas are equal in importance.53
3839014756PathosThat element in literature that stimulates pity or sorrow. In argument or persuasion it tends to be the evocation of pity.54
3839014757Periodic SentenceA long sentence in which the main clause is not completed until the end55
3839014758PersonificationTreating an abstraction or nonhuman object as if it were a person by endowing it with human features or qualities56
3839014759Point of ViewThe relation in which a narrator/author stands to a subject of discourse. Requires the reader to establish the historical perspective of what is being said.57
3839014760ProseThe ordinary form of written language without metrical structure in contrast to verse and poetry58
3839014761RealismAttempting to describe nature and life without idealization and with attention to detail59
3839014762RebuttalAn argument technique wherein opposing arguments are anticipated and countered60
3839014763RhetoricThe art of using words to persuade in writing or speaking61
3839014764Rhetorical QuestionA question that is asked simply for the sake of stylistic effect and is not expected to be answered62
3839014765SarcasmA form of verbal irony in which apparent praise is actually critical. Can be light, and gently poke fun at something, or it can be harsh and mean63
3839014766SatireA literary work that holds up human failings to ridicule and censure64
3839014767SimileA direct, explicit comparison of one thing to another, using the words like or as65
3839014768StyleThe manner in which a writer combines and arranges words, shapes ideas, and utilizes syntax and structure66
3839014769SymbolismUse of a person, place, thing, event, or pattern that figuratively represents or "stands for" something else67
3839014770SynecdocheA figure of speech in which a part signifies a whole68
3839014771SyntaxThe way words are put together to form phrases, clauses, and sentences. Basically, sentence structure.69
3839014772ThemeThe central or dominant idea or focus of a work. The statement a passage makes about its subject.70
3839014773ToneThe attitude the narrator/author has toward the subject and theme. Based on particular stylistic devices employed by the author.71
3839014774VoiceThe acknowledged or unacknowledged source of the words of the story; the speaker's or narrator's particular "take" on an idea based on a particular passage and how all the elements of the style of the piece come together to express his/her feelings.72
3839014775ZeugmaA grammatically correct construction in which a word, usually a verb or adjective, is applied to two or more nouns without being repeated73

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