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| 6344320041 | Litotes | a figure of speech in which a negative statement is used to affirm a positive statement. Ex.) When asked how someone is doing, that person might respond, "I'm not bad." | 0 | |
| 6344320047 | Syllogism | A logical structure that uses the major premise and minor premise to reach a necessary conclusion. Ex.) If P=Q and Q=R then P=R | 1 | |
| 6344320048 | Major premise | contains the term that is the predicate of the conclusion. All mammals are warm-blooded. | 2 | |
| 6344320049 | Minor premise | contains the term that is the subject of the conclusion. All horses are mammals. | 3 | |
| 6344320050 | Induction | induction is a logical process wherein you reason from particulars to universal, using specific cases in order to draw a conclusion, which is also called a generalization. Ex.) Regular exercise promotes weight loss. Exercise lowers stress levels. Exercise improves mood and outlook. Generalization: Exercise contributes to better health. | 4 | |
| 6344320051 | Deduction | a logical process wherein you reach a conclusion by starting with a general principle or universal truth (a major premise). Ex.) Major premise- Exercise contributes to better health. Minor premise- Yoga is a type of exercise. Conclusion- Yoga contributes to better health. | 5 | |
| 6344320052 | Enthymeme | Essentially a syllogism with one of the premises implied, and taken for granted as understood. Ex.) You should take her class because I learned so much from her last year. (Implied premise: If you take her class, you will learn a lot too). | 6 | |
| 6344320055 | Epanalepsis | a figure of speech defined by the repetition of the initial word (or words) of a clause or sentence at the end of that same clause or sentence. Ex.) In times like these, it is helpful to remember that there have always been times like these. | 7 | |
| 6344320059 | Anaphora | the intentional repetition of beginning clauses in order to create an artistic effect. Ex.) We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on the end. We shall fight in France. We shall fight on the seas and oceans. |  | 8 |
| 6344320060 | Epistrophe | repetition of a concluding word or word endings. Ex.) "He's learning fast, are you learning fast?" |  | 9 |
| 6344320061 | Synecdoche | a rhetorical trope involving a part of an object representing the whole, or the whole of an object representing a part. Ex.) "Twenty eyes watched our move." "All hands on deck." | 10 | |
| 6344320065 | Hyperbole | deliberate exaggeration used for emphasis or to produce a comic or ironic effect Ex.) My first and last name together generally served the same purpose as a high brick wall. | 11 | |
| 6344320067 | Alliteration | Repetition of the same sound beginning several words or syllables in sequence. Ex.) Let us go forth to lead the land we love. | 12 | |
| 6344320068 | Asyndeton | omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words. Ex.) We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. | 13 | |
| 6344320069 | Polysyndeton | the deliberate use of multiple conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses or words. Ex.) I paid for my plane ticket and the taxes, and the fees, and the charge for the checked bags and five dollars for a bottle of water. |  | 14 |
| 6344320070 | Parallelism | similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses. Ex.) Let both sides explore... Let both sides, for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals...Let both sides seek to invoke...Let both sides unite to heed... | 15 | |
| 6344320071 | Antithesis | opposition, or contrast or ideas or words in a parallel construction. Ex.) We shall support any friend, oppose any foe. | 16 | |
| 6344320074 | Chiasmus | the reversal in the order of words in two otherwise parallel phrases. Ex.) He went to the country, the country went to him. | 17 | |
| 6344320080 | Periphrasis | the substitution of a descriptive word or phrase for a proper name or conversely the use of a proper name as a shorthand to stand for qualities associated with it. Ex.) in the TV show "Dinosaurs" the infant dino called his father "Not-the-Mama." | 18 | |
| 6344320091 | Dogmatism` | a fallacy of argument in which a claim is supported on the grounds that it's the only conclusion acceptable within a given community. | 19 |
