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AP Language Literary Terms Flashcards

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8485630776MetaphorA figure of speech that makes an implicit, implied, or hidden comparison between two things that are unrelated, but which share some common characteristics.0
8485630777AllusionA brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance.1
8485630778AnalogyA comparison in which an idea or a thing is compared to another thing that is quite different from it.2
8485630779PersonificationA figure of speech in which a thing - an idea or an animal - is given human attributes.3
8485630780SimileA figure of speech that makes a comparison, showing similarities between two different things with the help of the words "like" or "as."4
8485630781EnumerationA rhetorical device used for listing details, or a process of mentioning words or phrases step by step.5
8485630782ParallelismThe use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same; or similar in their construction, sound, meaning, or meter.6
8485630783Narration7
8485630784Description8
8485630785Cause and effect9
8485630786Definition10
8485630787Comparison and contrast11
8485630788Process analysis12
8485630789MetonymyA figure of speech that replaces the name of a thing with the name of something else with which it is closely associated. "England decides to keep check on immigration."13
8485630790SynecdocheA literary device in which a part of something represents the whole or it may use a whole to represent a part. ""Friends, Romans, Countrymen, lend me your ears."14
8485630791Epistrophe(Epiphora) The repetition of phrases or words at the ends of the clauses or sentences. ""Where now? Who now? When now?"15
8485630792AsyndetonA stylistic device used in literature and poetry to intentionally eliminate conjunctions between the phrases, and in the sentence, yet maintain grammatical accuracy. "Are all thy conquests, glories, triumphs, spoils, Shrunk to this little measure?"16
8485630793PolysyndetonA stylistic device in which several coordinating conjunctions are used in succession in order to achieve an artistic effect. "And Joshua, and all of Israel with him, took Achan the son of Zerah, and the silver, and the garment, and the wedge of gold, and his sons, and his daughters, and his oxen, and his asses, and his sheep, and his tent, and all that he had."17
8485630794AnaphoraThe deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence. "My life is my purpose. My life is my goal. My life is my inspiration."18
8485630795ClimaxA particular point in a narrative at which the conflict or tension hits the highest point - the decisive moment or turning point.19
8485630796AntithesisA rhetorical device in which two opposite ideas are put together in a sentence to achieve a contrasting effect.20
8485630797UnderstatementThe presentation of a situation or thing as if it is less important or less serious than it is in reality.21
8485630798Counterargument22
8485630799Claim23
8485630800Evidence24
8485630801Warrant25
8485630802Logical fallacy26
8485630803AnecdoteA short and interesting story, or an amusing event, often proposed to support or demonstrate some point, and to make the audience laugh.27
8485630804AdageA short, pointed, and memorable saying that is based on facts, and which is considered a veritable truth by the majority of people.28
8485630805Simple sentence29
8485630806Sentence fragment30
8485630807Complex sentence31
8485630808Compound sentence32
8485630809Compound-complex sentence33
8485630810Imperative34
8485630811Interrogative35
8485630812ColloquialismsThe use of informal words, phrases or even slang in a piece of writing.36
8485630813Figurative languageLanguage that goes beyond the literal meanings of the words to give readers new insights.37
8485630814Emphatic punctuation38
8485630815Syntactical inversion39
8485630816Apposition40
8485630817AlliterationA stylistic device in which a number of words, having the same first consonant sound, occur close together in a series.41
8485630818Rhetorical question42
8485630819Parenthetical statement43
8485630820Periodic sentence44
8485630821Cumulative45
8485630822ParadoxA statement that appears to be self-contradictory or silly but may include a latent truth. "I must be cruel to be kind."46
8485630823OxymoronA figure of speech in which two opposite ideas are joined to create an effect. "Open secret"47
8485630824Allegory48
8485630825Parallel structure49
8485630826Provocative statements50
8485630827Exclamatory remarks51
8485630828Irony52
8485630829Qualifier53
8485630830Rebuttal54
8485630831Ethos55
8485630832Logos56
8485630833Pathos57
8485630834Archaic dictionA figure of speech in which a used phrase or word is considered very old fashioned and outdated. It can be a word, a phrase, a group of letters, spelling, or syntax. "And he stoppeth one of three. 'By thy long grey beard and glittering eye..."58
8485630835DialectThe language used by the people of a specific area, class, district, or any other group of people.59
8485630836SyllogismA rhetorical device that starts an argument with a reference to something general and from this it draws conclusion about something more specific. (Deductive logic)60
8485630837JuxtapositionA literary technique in which two or more ideas, places, characters and their actions are placed side by side in a narrative or a poem for the purpose of developing comparisons and contrasts.61
8485630838Absolute phraseConsists of a noun, pronoun, participle, and associated modifiers. They are also known as nominative phrases. They modify or provide information about an entire sentence. Absolute phrases look like clauses, yet they lack a true finite verb. They are separated from the rest of the sentence by commas. "Her arms folded across her chest, Professor Hill warned the class about the penalties of plagiarism."62
8485630839Prepositional phraseContains a preposition, an object of preposition (pronoun or noun) and related modifiers. It mostly starts with a preposition and ends with an object of a preposition. It serves as an adjective, or adverb within a sentence.63
8485630840Participial PhraseContain a present participle, which is (verb+ing), a past participle, modifiers, or other associated words. They are separated from the rest of the sentence by commas. A participle phrases act as an adjective within a sentence.64
8485630841Exclamation65
8485630842Conjunction66
8485630843Appositive67
8485630844Imperative sentence68
8485630845Cumulative sentence69
8485630846LitotesA figure of speech that employs an understatement by using double negatives or, in other words, a positive statement expressed by negating its opposite expressions. "The ice cream was not too bad."70
8485630847HyperboleA figure of speech that involves an exaggeration of ideas for the sake of emphasis.71
8485630848Symbolism72
8485630849JargonA literary term that is defined as the use of specific phrases and words in a particular situation, profession, or trade.73
8485630850Polemic74
8485630851SatireA technique employed by writers to expose and criticize foolishness and corruption of an individual or a society by using humor, irony, exaggeration or ridicule.75
8485630852Tirade76
8485630853Concrete diction77
8485630854Allusive reflection78
8485630855Hyphen79
8485630856Dash80
8485630857Shift in pronoun81
8485630858ToneAn attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience. Tone is generally conveyed through the choice of words, or the viewpoint of a writer on a particular subject.82
8485630859Data83
8485630860Inductive reasoning84
8485630861Deductive reasoning85
8485630862CaricatureA device used in descriptive writing and visual arts, in which particular aspects of a subject are exaggerated, to create a silly or comic effect.86
8485630863Clause87
8485630864Literary conceitA figure of speech in which two vastly different objects are likened together with the help of similes or metaphors. They have a surprising or shocking effect on the readers because they are novel comparisons unlike the conventional comparisons made in similes and metaphors.88
8485630865DidacticThe idea that different forms of art and literature ought to convey information and instructions along with pleasure and entertainment.89
8485630866PedanticWriting or writer concerned with precision, formalism, accuracy, and minute details in order to make an arrogant and ostentatious show of learning.90
8485630867Connotation91
8485630868Denotation92
8485630869EuphemismPolite, indirect expressions which replace words and phrases considered harsh and impolite or which suggest something unpleasant.93
8485630870Genre94
8485630871HomilyA sermon or speech that a religious person or priest delivers before a group of people to offer them moral correction.95
8485630872ChiasmusA rhetorical device in which two or more clauses are balanced against each other by the reversal of their structures in order to produce an artistic effect. "Never let a Fool Kiss You or a Kiss Fool You."96
8485766771ExemplumA rhetorical device that is defined as a short tale, narrative, or anecdote used in literary pieces and speeches to explain a doctrine, or emphasize a moral point.97
8524344486AnthimeriaOne part of speech, usually a verb, that substitutes for another, usually a noun.98
8524365365AnadiplosisA repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause. "Mental preparation leads to training; training builds tone and coordination; tone and coordination produce athletic excellence."99
8524383694TropeAny artful variation from the typical or expected way a word or idea is expressed.100
8524385802SchemeAny artful variation from the typical arrangement of words in a sentence.101

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