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AP Language Logical Fallicies Flashcards

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15680375920Ad HominemDirectly attacks someone's appearance, personal habits, or character rather than focusing on the merit of the issue at hand. This fallacy implies that if something is wrong with this person, then anything they say must be wrong.0
15680375921bandwagon appealAppeal to the popularity of the item, person, etc., as a reason for accepting it. Many people believe it or agree with it, so it must be true.1
15680375923Hasty GeneralizationA conclusion based on insufficient or unrepresentative evidence. Stereotypes and sexism are forms of this fallacy.2
15680375924Non SequiturWhen the conclusion does not follow the premises (argument/statement); when what is presented as evidence or reason is irrelevant or adds very little support to the conclusion.3
15680375925Slippery SlopeWhen a relatively insignificant first event is suggested to lead to a more significant event, which in turn leads to a more significant event, and so on, until some ultimate significant event is reached, where the connection of each event is not only unwarranted, but with each step it becomes more and more probable.4
15680375926StrawmanMisrepresenting someone's argument to make it easier to attack. Arguing something related to the topic but avoiding the actual topic5
15680375927False/Faulty CausalityThe incorrect assumption that because one event followed another, the first caused the second6
15680375928Appeal to pity/overly emotional appealuse emotion to distract the audience from the facts7
15680375932Weak AnalogyClaims comparisons when differences outweigh similarities (basically comparing apples to oranges).8
15680375933Authority FallacyA fallacy that offers the speaker/writer's authority as the sole reason for believing a claim.9
15680375934either/or fallacythe false reasoning that there are only two options that exist10
15680442748Appeal to ignorancesaying that something must be true (or false) because there isn't evidence to the contrary11

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