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| 5675946778 | Allegory | A narrative, either in verse or prose in which character, action, and sometimes setting represent abstract concepts apart from the literal meaning of a story. The underlying meaning usually has a moral, social, religious, or political significance, and the characters are often personifications of abstract ideas such as charity, hope, greed, and so on. | 0 | |
| 5675952129 | Anadiplosis | The repetition of a word that ends one clause at the beginning of the next. "My conscience hath a thousand several tongues, And ever tongue brings in a several tale, And every tale condemns me a villain" (Richard III) | 1 | |
| 5676052713 | Abstract | Difficult to understand, expressing a quality apart from an object, dealing with a subject in its abstract aspects; it is opposite of concrete. Example: the word poem is concrete, poetry is abstract. | 2 | |
| 5676061537 | Alliteration | The repetition of initial identical consonant sounds or any vowel sounds in successive or closely associated syllables, especially stressed syllables. | 3 | |
| 5676067181 | Analogy | A process of reasoning that assumes if two subjects share a number of specific observable qualities then they may be expected to share qualities that have not been observed; the process of drawing a comparison between two things based on a partial similarity of like features. | 4 | |
| 5676075892 | Anaphora | One of the devices of repetition in which the same expression (word or words) is repeated at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences. It is one of the most obvious of the devices used in the poetry of Walt Whitman, as these opening lines from one of his poems shows: As I ebb'd with the ocean of life. As I wended the shores I know, As I walk'd where the ripples continually wash you Paumanok | 5 | |
| 5676099552 | Anastrophe | The inversion of the usual, normal, or logical order of the parts of a sentence. ___________ is deliberate rather than accidental and is used to secure rhythm or to gain emphasis or euphony. Anything in language capable of assuming a usual order can be inverted. _________ can apply to the usual order of adjectives in English. | 6 | |
| 5676296580 | Antecedent | The word to which a pronoun refers (whose place it takes) is the __________ of the pronoun. For example: Mrs. Rice is my English teacher this year; I hope she won't give the class too much work. SHE refers to the antecedent MRS. RICE. | 7 | |
| 5676296581 | Anticipating Audience Response | A rhetorical technique often used to convince an audience of anticipating and stating the arguments that one's opponent is likely to give and then answering these arguments even before the opponent has a chance to voice them. | 8 | |
| 5676301852 | Antithesis | A figure of speech characterized by strongly contrasting words, clauses, sentences, or ideas as in "Man proposes, God disposes". ________ is a balancing of one term against another for emphasis. | 9 | |
| 5676301853 | Aphorism | An ________ is a concise statement of a principle or precept given in pointed words. Usually implies specific authorship and compact, telling expression. Benjamin Franklin was famous for them as well : "There are no gains without pains". | 10 | |
| 5676307209 | Apostrophe | A figure of speech in which something is directly addressed as though present. Since _______ is chiefly associated with deep emotional expression, the form is readily adopted by humorists for purpose of parody and satire. ex. And chiefly, Thou, O Spirit, that dost prefer Before all temples the upright heart and pure, Instruct me, for Thou know'st ex. Papa Above! Regard a Mouse ex. Milton! Thou shouldst be living at this hour" England hath need of thee.... | 11 | |
| 5676312087 | Appositive Phrase | Type of noun phrase that follows the noun or pronoun it modifies and amplifies or restricts its meaning. | 12 | |
| 5676316170 | Arrangement | Different styles a writer can employ. ex. cause/effect, narration, description, definition, etc. | 13 | |
| 5676320902 | Asyndeton | Omission of conjunctions between coordinate phrases, clauses, or words. ex. "Are all they conquests, glories, triumphs, spoils Shrunk to this little measure?"(Julius Caesar) | 14 | |
| 5676320903 | Attitude | The author's __________closely linked with the tone of a piece, can also be the underlying feeling behind a tone. ex. A tone might be one of anger, but the ________behind the tone is one of concern or fear of a situation. ex. The mother screams at the child, "Don't touch the hot stove!" | 15 | |
| 5676325235 | Call to action | Writing that urges people to take action or promotes change. | 16 | |
| 5676325236 | Characterization | The techniques a writer uses to create and reveal fictional personalities in a work of literature, by describing the character's appearance, actions, thoughts, and feelings. | 17 | |
| 5676329166 | Chiasmus | A _______ is a type of balance in which the second part is balanced against the first but with the part reversed. "Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country." | 18 | |
| 5676332267 | Classification and division | ____________is a method of sorting, grouping, collecting, and and analyzing things by categories based on features shared by all members of a class or group. __________ is a method of breaking down and entire whole into separate parts or sorting a group of items into non-overlapping categories. | 19 | |
| 5676332268 | Cliché | A term through overuse has lost its power | 20 | |
| 5676335572 | Coinage | A word or phrase made, invented, or fabricated. | 21 | |
| 5676335573 | Colloquial Expression | They are words or phrases, characteristics or appropriate ordinary or familiar conversations rather than formal speech writing. Informal, conversational language. | 22 | |
| 5676339690 | Comparison/Contrast | A rhetorical technique for pointing out similarities or differences. writers may use a point-by-point method to interweave points of _____or____between two things or a subject-by-subject method to discuss similarities and differences. | 23 | |
| 5676349336 | Compound/Complex Sentence | Contains two or more independent clauses and at least one subordinate clause. | 24 | |
| 5676363245 | Conceit | An elaborate and surprising figure of speech comparing two very dissimilar things. It usually involves intellectual cleverness and ingenuity. An elaborate or strained metaphor. | 25 | |
| 5676363246 | Concrete | Pertains to actual things, instances, or experiences: opposite of abstract. | 26 | |
| 5676367041 | Defensive/Offensive | A method of argument in which the speaker or writer defends her one views and/pr attacks the views of others. | 27 | |
| 5676367042 | Definition | A method of specifying the basic nature of any phenomenon, idea, or things. | 28 | |
| 5676371332 | Denotation | The specific, exact meaning of a word. | 29 | |
| 5676371333 | Diction | Diction is the choice of words in a work of literature and an element of style important to the work's effectiveness. | 30 | |
| 5676378967 | Doublespeak | Language used to distort and manipulate rather than to communicate. | 31 | |
| 5676378968 | Downplaying/Intensifying | Methods of drawing attention and diversion to the work's effectiveness | 32 | |
| 5676399456 | Ellipsis | The omission of a word or words necessary for complete construction but understood in the context. ex. I love English as much as she | 33 | |
| 5676399457 | Pathos | Exploiting readers' feelings of pity or fear to make a case; appealing to a readers emotions. | 34 | |
| 5676403457 | Epistrophe | Repetition of a word or phrase at the end of successive clauses. ex. i'll have my bond! speak not against my bond! i have sworn an oath that i will have my bond | 35 | |
| 5676403458 | Ethos | The most subtle and often the most powerful because it comes from character and reputation, not words. | 36 | |
| 5676407457 | Ethnocentricity | The belief in the inherent superiority of one's own group and culture | 37 | |
| 5676407458 | Euphemism | The substitutions of an inoffensive, indirect, or agreeable expression for a word or phrase perceived as socially unacceptable or unnecessarily harsh. For example: "private parts" for sexual organs, "passed away for died" and "disadvantaged" for poor. | 38 | |
| 5676411372 | Figurative Language | The use of words outside their literal or usual meanings, used to add freshness and suggest associations and comparisons that create effective images: includes elements of speech such as hyperbole, irony, metaphor, personification, and simile. | 39 | |
| 5676411373 | Hyperbole | A FIGURE OF SPEECH in which conscious exaggeration is used without the intent of literal persuasion. It may be used to heighten effect, or it may be used to produce comic effect. Ex: I was helpless. I did not know what in the world to do. I was quaking from head to foot, and could have hung my hat on my eyes, they stuck out so far. | 40 | |
| 5676411374 | Imagery | The use of language to convey sensory experience, most often through the of pictorial images through figurative language. For example, "Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?" | 41 | |
| 5676413934 | Idiom | A use of words, a grammatical construction peculiar to a given language, or an expression that cannot be translated literally into a second language. ex. "To carry out" | 42 | |
| 5676413935 | Irony | A mode of speech in which words express a meaning opposite to the intended meaning. | 43 | |
| 5676413936 | Jargon | A specialized language providing a shorthand method of quick communication between people in the same field. | 44 | |
| 5676422011 | Juxtapose | Placing two ideas side by side or close together | 45 | |
| 5676422012 | Lending Credence | An arguing a point, a writer or speaker should always lend the opponent some credit for the opponent's ideas. In this way the writer or speaker persuades her audience that she is fair and has done his/her homework, thereby strengthening his/her own argument. | 46 | |
| 5676424186 | Litotes | A form of understatement in which thing is affirmed by stating the negative of its opposite. In Tennyson's "Ulysses," the heroic speaker resorts to ______ several times, with an effect of stoic restraint and (this is still the crafty warrior) subtlety: "little profits" for "profits not at all," "not least" for "great," "not to fail" for "succeed splendidly," and "not unbecoming" for "thoroughly appropriate." | 47 | |
| 5676427112 | Logical Fallacies | Methods of psuedoreasoning that may occur accidentally or may be intentionally contrived to lend plausibility to an unsound argument | 48 | |
| 5676430584 | Logos | The idea that there are principles governing correct or reliable inferences. (Facts, reasons, etc.) | 49 | |
| 5676430585 | Loose Sentence | A sentences grammatically complete at some point before the end; the opposite of a periodic sentence. | 50 | |
| 5676452003 | Allusion | A brief reference to a person, event, or place, real or fictitious, or to a work of art. Often mythological or biblical. | 51 | |
| 5676503473 | Exposition | A writing that seeks to clarify, explain, or inform using one or several of the following methods: process analysis, definition, classification and division, comparison and contrast, and cause-and-effect analysis. | 52 | |
| 5676503474 | Lyrical Drama | A term used for a dramatic poem in which the form of drama is used to express lyric themes (author's own emotions or ideas of life) instead of relying on a story as the bases of the action. | 53 | |
| 5676510334 | Metaphor | A figure of speech involving an implied comparison. For example: "She is a rose!" | 54 | |
| 5676510335 | Metonymy | A figure of speech characterized by the substitution of a term naming an object closely associated with the word in mind for the word itself. ex. "the crown" instead of "king" "washington" instead of "america's government" | 55 | |
| 5676514718 | Mood | Overall atmosphere of a work. | 56 | |
| 5676519675 | Motif | Recurrent images, words, objects, phrases, or actions that tend to unify the work ex. patterns of day and night, blonde and brunette, summer and winter, north and south, white and black; and the game of chess | 57 | |
| 5676525551 | Narration | The story of events and/or experiences that tell what happens. | 58 | |
| 5676530096 | Onomatopoeia | The use of of words that by their sound suggest their meaning. | 59 | |
| 5676530097 | Oxymoron | A self contradictory combination of words or smaller verbal units. ex. jumbo shrimp, pretty ugly, military intelligence, etc. | 60 | |
| 5676532944 | Paradox | A self contradictory statement or situation. A logical process in which the facts appear to be opposed to themselves. | 61 | |
| 5676536611 | Paralepsis | Emphasizing a point by seeming to pass over it. ex. "let but the commons hear this testament- which, pardon me, I do not mean to read..." | 62 | |
| 5676539636 | Parallelism | Repeated syntactical similarities introduced for rhetorical effect. coordinate ideas should have coordinate presentation. ex. "i like to fish and swim" "i like fishing and swimming" | 63 | |
| 5676539637 | Periodic Sentence | Not grammatically correct before its end (the opposite of a loose sentence) | 64 | |
| 5676543273 | Personification | Giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. | 65 | |
| 5676543274 | Point of View | The way of which a reader is told or views the story. | 66 | |
| 5676547923 | Polysyndeton | The repetition of conjunctions in close succession for rhetorical effect. ex. "here and there and everywhere" | 67 | |
| 5676550385 | Process Analysis | A method of clarifying the nature of something by explaining how it works in separate, easy to understand steps. giving directions to baking a pie or to fixing an air conditioning system would be an example of _______________. | 68 | |
| 5676550386 | Pun | This usually humorous use of a word in such a way as to suggest two or more of its meanings or the meaning of another word similar in sounds. | 69 | |
| 5676554008 | Repetition | Reiterating a word or phrase | 70 | |
| 5676557234 | Rhetorical Question | Asked sole to produce an effect and not elicit a response. | 71 | |
| 5676557235 | Rhetorical Strategies | These | 72 | |
| 5676560036 | Satire | A technique that ridicules both people and societal institutions using irony, exaggeration, reversal and paradox. | 73 | |
| 5676560037 | Simile | Comparison using like or as. | 74 | |
| 5676563401 | Simple Sentence | A complete sentence that is neither compound nor complex. | 75 | |
| 5676567975 | Spin/Redefining | Harmful situation presented as philanthropic endeavors. Ex: "Killing Iraq" is "Operation Iraqi Freedom" | 76 | |
| 5676582557 | Style | The author's characteristic manner of expression. includes: types of words used, their placement, and distinctive features of tone, imagery, figurative language, sound, and rhythm | 77 | |
| 5676584927 | Syllogism | A formula for presenting an argument logically. affords a method of demonstrating the logic of an argument through analysis. consists of: a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion ex. Major premise: all public libraries should serve the people Minor premise: this is a public library Conclusion: therefore, this library should serve the people | 78 | |
| 5676584928 | Symbol | An object that represents an idea, concept, or condition. | 79 | |
| 5676588129 | Synecdoche | A type of figurative language in which the whole is used for the part and the part used for the whole. ex. "nice set of wheels" | 80 | |
| 5676588130 | Syntax | The pattern or structure of the word order of a sentence. | 81 | |
| 5676588131 | Tone | The voice the writer has chosen to project to relate to readers. | 82 | |
| 5676591813 | Understatement | An expression of less strength than expected. | 83 | |
| 5676591814 | Voice | Implied personality that the author chooses to adopt. | 84 | |
| 5676701883 | Connotation | The emotions or implications that words may carry, as distiguished from their denotative meanings. | 85 |
