Terms : Hide Images
| 6760666389 | Evidence | The facts used to prove the argument | 0 | |
| 6760666390 | Claim | The statement being argued (a thesis) | 1 | |
| 6760666391 | Warrants | The general, hypothetical (and often implicit) logical statements that serve as bridges between the claim and the evidence. | 2 | |
| 6760666392 | Qualifiers | Statements that limit the strength of the argument or statements that propose the conditions under which the argument is true | 3 | |
| 6760666393 | Rebuttals | Counter-arguments or statements indicating circumstances when the general argument does not hold true. | 4 | |
| 6760666394 | Backing | Statements that serve to support the warrants (i.e., arguments that don't necessarily prove the main point being argued, but which do prove the warrants are true.) | 5 | |
| 6760666395 | Personal Experience | adds human element, effective way to appeal to Pathos | 6 | |
| 6760666397 | Current Events | Knowing what's happening locally, nationally, and globally | 7 | |
| 6760666398 | Historical Information | Verifiable facts that a writer knows from research | 8 | |
| 6760666399 | Expert Opinion | Someone who has published research on a topic or whose job or experience gives them specialized knowledge | 9 | |
| 6760666400 | Quantitative Evidence | Can be represented in numbers; statistics, surveys, polls, consensus information | 10 | |
| 6760666401 | Ad Hominem | an attack on the person rather than on the opponent's ideas. | 11 | |
| 6760666404 | Begging the question | someone attempts to prove an assertion using another claim that also requires proof | 12 | |
| 6760666405 | Hasty generalization | drawing conclusions based on insufficient or unrepresentative evidence | 13 | |
| 6760666406 | Straw man argument | consists of an oversimplification of an opponent's argument to make it easier to attack | 14 | |
| 6760666409 | Bandwagon appeals | agree with a position because everyone else does | 15 | |
| 6760666410 | Equivocation | telling part of the truth, while deliberately hiding the entire truth | 16 | |
| 6760666411 | Faulty analogy | misleading comparison between two things | 17 | |
| 6760666412 | Alliteration | The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words (as in "she sells sea shells"). | 18 | |
| 6760666413 | Allusion | A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art. | 19 | |
| 6760666414 | Analogy | A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them. An analogy can explain something unfamiliar by associating it with or pointing out its similarity to something more familiar. | 20 | |
| 6760666415 | Anaphora | One of the devices of repetition, in which the same expression (word or words) is repeated at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences. | 21 | |
| 6760666416 | Anecdote | A short narrative detailing particulars of an interesting episode or event. The term most frequently refers to an incident in the life of a person. | 22 | |
| 6760666417 | Antecedent | The word, phrase, or clause referred to by a pronoun. The AP language exam occasionally asks for the antecedent of a given pronoun in a long, complex sentence or in a group of sentences. | 23 | |
| 6760666418 | Antithesis | Figure of balance in which two contrasting ideas are put together through contrasting of opposing ideas in adjacent phrases, clauses, or sentences. Antithesis creates a definite and systematic relationship between ideas. | 24 | |
| 6760666419 | Aphorism | A terse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or a moral principle. It can be a memorable summation of the author's point | 25 | |
| 6760666420 | Archaic Diction | Old-fashioned or outdated choice of words. | 26 | |
| 6760666421 | Aristotelian Triangle | A diagram that illustrates the interrelationship between the speaker, the audience, and the subject. Synonymous with the rhetorical triangle. | 27 | |
| 6760666422 | Asyndeton | Consists of omitting conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses. This can give the effect of unpremeditated multiplicity, of an extemporaneous rather than a labored account. Asyndetic lists can be more emphatic than if a final conjunction were used. | 28 | |
| 6760666423 | Audience | The listener, viewer, or reader of a text. | 29 | |
| 6760666424 | Clause | A grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb. The point that you want to consider is the question of what or why the author subordinates one element. | 30 | |
| 6760666425 | Connotation | The nonliteral, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning. Connotations may involve ideas, emotions or attitudes | 31 | |
| 6760666426 | Context | The circumstances and other conditions surrounding a text. | 32 | |
| 6760666427 | Counterargument | An opposing argument to the argument advocated by the speaker. | 33 | |
| 6760666428 | Cumulative Sentence | A sentence which completes the main idea at the beginning of the sentence and then builds or adds on. Also called a loose sentence. | 34 | |
| 6760666429 | Denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion attitude, or color. | 35 | |
| 6760666430 | Diction | the writer's word choices - need to consider how this complements a writer's overall purpose | 36 | |
| 6760666431 | Didactic | A tone word that literally means "teaching." This type of language has the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles. | 37 | |
| 6760666432 | Ethos | Persuasion by means of the depicting the trustworthy character of the author. | 38 | |
| 6760666433 | Extended Metaphor | A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout the work. | 39 | |
| 6760666435 | Hortative Sentence | A sentence that exhorts, urges, entreats, implores, or calls to action. | 40 | |
| 6760666436 | Hyperbole | A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement. They often have a comic effect; however, a serious effect is also possible; produces irony. | 41 | |
| 6760666437 | Imagery | The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. | 42 | |
| 6760666438 | Imperative Sentence | Sentence used to command or enjoin. | 43 | |
| 6760666439 | Inversion | Inverted order of words in a sentence. | 44 | |
| 6760666440 | Juxtaposition | The placement of two highly contrasting phrases near each other to emphasize their differences. | 45 | |
| 6760666441 | Logos | Persuasion by means of logical reasoning. | 46 | |
| 6760666442 | Metaphor | A direct comparison between two dissimilar subjects. | 47 | |
| 6760666443 | Oxymoron | The deliberate juxtaposition of two contrasting words. | 48 | |
| 6760666444 | Parallelism | Two or more adjacent phrases with similar grammatical structure. | 49 | |
| 6760666445 | Pathos | Persuasion by means of exploiting the reader's emotions. | 50 | |
| 6760666446 | Periodic Sentence | A sentence whose main clause is withheld until the end. | 51 | |
| 6760666447 | Personification | Assignment of human characteristics or behavior to non-human entities. | 52 | |
| 6760666449 | Propaganda | The spread of ideas and information to further a cause. Often carries a negative connotation. | 53 | |
| 6760666450 | Purpose | The goal of the speaker. | 54 | |
| 6760666451 | Refutation | A denial of the validity of the counterargument. | 55 | |
| 6760666452 | Rhetoric | The art of finding means to persuade an audience. | 56 | |
| 6760666453 | Rhetorical appeals | Rhetorical techniques used to persuade an audience. Includes ethos, pathos, and logos. | 57 | |
| 6760666454 | Rhetorical Question | A question which is asked to effect a point rather than to solicit an answer. | 58 | |
| 6760666455 | Rhetorical Triangle | A diagram which illustrates the interrelationship between the speaker, the audience, and the subject. Synonymous with the Aristotelian Triangle. | 59 | |
| 6760666456 | SOAPS | A mnemonic device which stands for Subject, Occasion, Audience, Purpose, and Speaker. | 60 | |
| 6760666457 | Speaker | The person or group who creates a text. | 61 | |
| 6760666458 | Subject | The topic of a text. | 62 | |
| 6760666459 | Synecdoche | Figure of speech that uses a part to represent a whole. | 63 | |
| 6760666460 | Syntax | The proper grammatical structure of a text. | 64 |
