Terms : Hide Images
| 12177179812 | Allegory | The device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning. |  | 0 |
| 12177179813 | Alliteration | The repetition of sounds, especially initial consonants in tow or more neighboring words (as in "she sells sea shells). |  | 1 |
| 12177179814 | Allusion | A direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art. |  | 2 |
| 12177179815 | Ambiguity (am-bi-gyoo-i-tee) | The multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage. |  | 3 |
| 12177179816 | Analogy | A similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them- can also make writing more vivid, imaginative, or intellectually engaging. |  | 4 |
| 12177179817 | Anaphora (uh-naf-er-uh) | One of the devices of repetition, in which the same expression (word or words) is repeated at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences. |  | 5 |
| 12177179818 | Anecdote | A short narrative detailing particulars of an interesting episode or event. The term most frequently refers to an incident in the life of a person |  | 6 |
| 12177179819 | Antithesis (an-tih-theh-sis) | Figure of balance in which two contrasting ideas are intentionally juxtaposed, usually through parallel structure; a contrasting of opposing ideas in adjacent phrases, clauses, or sentences. |  | 7 |
| 12177179820 | Aphorism | phrase that shares a general truth or a moral principle. Ex: Early to bed, early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. |  | 8 |
| 12177179821 | Apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love, an address to someone or something that cannot answer. |  | 9 |
| 12177179822 | Atmosphere | The emotional mood created by the entirety of a literary work, established partly by the setting and partly by the author's choice of objects that are described. Even such elements as description of the weather can contribute to the atmosphere. Frequently atmosphere forshadows events. Perhaps it can create a mood. |  | 10 |
| 12177179823 | Chiasmus (kahy-az-muhs) | a figure of speech in which two successive phrases or clauses are parallel in syntax, but reverse the order of the analogous words. |  | 11 |
| 12177179824 | Clause | a grammatical unit that contains both a subject and a verb. An independent, or main, clause expresses a complete thought and can sand alone as a sentence. A dependent, or subordinate clause cannot stand alone as a sentence and must be accompanied by an independent clause. |  | 12 |
| 12177179825 | Colloquial/colloquialism (kuj-loh-kwee-uhl) | The use of slang or informalities in speech or writing, gives a work a conversational, familiar tone. |  | 13 |
| 12177179826 | Coherence | A principle demanding that the parts of any composition be arranged so that the meaning of the whole may be immediately clear and intelligible. |  | 14 |
| 12177179827 | Conceit | A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects. |  | 15 |
| 12177179828 | Connotation | - The nonliteral, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning. |  | 16 |
| 12177179829 | Denotation | The strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion attitude, or color. |  | 17 |
| 12177179830 | Diacope | repetition of a word or phrase after an intervening word or phrase: word/phrase X, . . ., word/phrase X. |  | 18 |
| 12177179831 | Diction | refers to the writer's word choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness. (for example, formal or informal, ornate or plain) |  | 19 |
| 12177179832 | Didactic (dahy-dak-tik) | From the Greek, didactic literally means "teaching." the primary aim of teaching or instructing, especially the teaching of moral or ethical principles. |  | 20 |
| 12177179833 | Enumeratio | Figure of amplification in which a subject is divided into constituent parts or details, and may include a listing of causes, effects, problems, solutions, conditions, and consequences; the listing or detailing of the parts of something. |  | 21 |
| 12177179834 | Expletive (ek-spli-tiv) | Figure of emphasis in which a single word or short phrase, usually interrupting normal speech, is used to lend emphasis to the words on either side of the expletive. |  | 22 |
| 12177179835 | Euphemism (yoo-fuh-miz-uhm) | a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept. |  | 23 |
| 12177179836 | Exposition | The purpose is to explain or introduce something in an essay or work. |  | 24 |
| 12177179837 | Extended metaphor | A metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout the work. |  | 25 |
| 12177179838 | Figurative language | - Writing or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid. |  | 26 |
| 12177179839 | Figure of speech | A device used to produce figurate language. Many compare dissimilar things. May include apostrophe, hyperbole, irony, metaphor, metonymy, oxymoron, paradox, personification, simile, synecdoche, and understatement. |  | 27 |
| 12177179840 | Genre | The major category into which a literary work fits. The basic divisions of literature are prose, poetry, and drama. |  | 28 |
| 12177179841 | Homily (hom-uh-lee) | This term literally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk, speech, or lecture involving moral or spiritual advice. |  | 29 |
| 12177179842 | Hyperbole (hahy-pur-buh-lee) | A figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement. |  | 30 |
| 12177179843 | Hypophora | Figure of reasoning in which one or more questions is/are asked and then answered, often at length, by one and the same speaker; raising and responding to one's own question(s). |  | 31 |
| 12177179844 | Imagery | The sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. |  | 32 |
| 12177179845 | Inference/infer | To draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented. |  | 33 |
| 12177179846 | Invective | an emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attach using strong, abusive language. |  | 34 |
| 12177179847 | Irony/ironic | The contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant. The difference between what appears to be and what actually is true, is used for many reasons, but frequently, it's used to create poignancy or humor. |  | 35 |
| 12177179848 | Juxtaposition (juhk-stuh-puh-zish-uhn) | When two words, phrases, images, ideas are placed close together or side by side for comparison or contrast. |  | 36 |
| 12177179849 | Litotes (lahy-toh-teez) | From the Greek word "simple" or "plain." Litotes is a figure of thought in which a point is affirmed by negating its opposite. It is a special form of understatement |  | 37 |
| 12177179850 | Metaphor | A figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity. |  | 38 |
| 12177179851 | Metonymy (mi-ton-uh-mee) | a figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it. Example: A news release that claims "the White House declared" rather that "the President declared" |  | 39 |
| 12177179852 | Mood | meaning the prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work. Setting, tone, and events can affect the mood. In this usage, mood is similar to tone and atmosphere. |  | 40 |
| 12177179853 | Narrative | The telling of a story or an account of an event or series of events. |  | 41 |
| 12177179854 | Onomatopoeia (on-uh-mat-uh-pee-uh) | A figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words. Simple examples include such words as buzz, hiss, hum, crack, whinny, and murmur. |  | 42 |
| 12177179855 | Oxymoron | the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox. Simple examples include "jumbo shrimp" and "cruel kindness." |  | 43 |
| 12177179856 | Paradox | A statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity. |  | 44 |
| 12177179857 | Parallelism | refers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity. act as an organizing force to attract the reader's attention, add emphasis and organization, or simply provide a musical rhythm. |  | 45 |
| 12177179858 | Parody | A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. |  | 46 |
| 12177179859 | Pedantic (puh-dan-tik) | An adjective that describes words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish. |  | 47 |
| 12177179860 | Personification | A figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions. |  | 48 |
| 12177179861 | Polysyndeton (paulee-sin-dih-tawn) | Figure of addition and emphasis which intentionally employs a series of conjunctions (FANBOYS: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) not normally found in successive words, phrases or clauses |  | 49 |
| 12177179862 | Prose | refers to fiction and non-fiction, including all its forms. |  | 50 |
| 12177179863 | Repetition | The duplication, either exact or approximate, of any element of language, such as a sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern. |  | 51 |
| 12177179864 | Rhetoric | From the Greek for "orator," this term describes the principles governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively. | 52 | |
| 12177179865 | Rhetorical modes | (1) to explain and analyze information by presenting an idea, relevant evidence, and appropriate discussion. (2) The purpose of argumentation is to prove the validity of an idea, or point of view, by presenting sound reasoning, discussion, and argument that thoroughly convince the reader. (3) The purpose of description is to re-create, invent, or visually present a person, place, event or action so that the reader can picture that being described.(4) The purpose of narration is to tell a story or narrate an event or series of events. |  | 53 |
| 12177179866 | Rhetorical Question | not answered by the writer because its answer is obvious or obviously desired, and usually just a yes or no answer would suffice. It is used for effect, emphasis, or provocation, or for drawing a conclusionary statement from the fact at hand. |  | 54 |
| 12177179867 | Sarcasm | language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something. |  | 55 |
| 12177179868 | Satire | A work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule. |  | 56 |
| 12177179869 | Semantics | The branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another |  | 57 |
| 12177179870 | Style | (1) An evaluation of the sum of the choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices. (2) Classification of authors to a group and comparison of an author to similar authors. | | 58 |
| 12177179871 | Subordinate clause | Like all clauses, this word group contains both a subject and a verb, but unlike the independent clause, cannot stand alone; it does not express a complete thought. |  | 59 |
| 12177179872 | Syllogism (sil- uh-jiz-uhm) | a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (the firs one called "major" and the second, "minor") that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion. |  | 60 |
| 12177179873 | Symbol/symbolism | Generally, anything that represents itself and stands for something else. Usually something concrete - such as object, action, character, or scene - that represents something more abstract. |  | 61 |
| 12177179874 | Synecdoche (si-nek-duh-kee) | is a type of metaphor in which the part stands for the whole or the whole for a part |  | 62 |
| 12177179875 | Syntax | The way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences, similar to diction |  | 63 |
| 12177179876 | Theme | The central idea or message of a work, the insight it offers into life. |  | 64 |
| 12177179877 | Thesis | the sentence or a group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or position. |  | 65 |
| 12177179878 | Tone | Similar to mood, describes the author's attitude toward his material, the audience, or both. |  | 66 |
| 12177179879 | Transition | A word or phrase that links different ideas. effectively signals a shift from one idea to another. |  | 67 |
| 12177179880 | Understatement | The ironic minimizing of fact presents something as less significant than it is. | 68 | |
| 12177179881 | Undertone | An attitude that may lie under the tone of the piece. |  | 69 |
| 12177179882 | Wit | In modern usage, intellectually amazing language that surprises and delights. A |  | 70 |
| 12177179883 | Rhetoric | The art or study of using language effectively and persuasively |  | 71 |
| 12177179884 | Rhetorical Appeals | Logos, Ethos Pathos |  | 72 |
| 12177179885 | Logos | Appealing to reason; presented calmly, logically, step-by-step. They can include references to historical events, experts, and statistics. Tone will often be measured, neutral, logical (but not always). |  | 73 |
| 12177179886 | Ethos | An appeal to show that the speaker or writer is credible, a person whom we can trust, a good person who knows what he is talking about or who cares about us and knows us. |  | 74 |
| 12177179887 | Pathos | Appeal that tugs at people's feelings; may include emotional diction, imagery, repetition, and figurative language. Might make you laugh or cry. Could also be intended to make you afraid or feel outraged. |  | 75 |
| 12177179888 | Syntax | the arrangement of words and the order of grammatical elements in a sentence or paragraph. Sentence types, sentences lengths -- how the sentence is structured. |  | 76 |
| 12177179889 | Parallelism | Similarity of structure in a pair or series of related words, phrases, or clauses. It creates balance in a sentence. Ex) Like father, like son. |  | 77 |
| 12177179890 | Connotation | Meanings or associations with words beyond what you find in the dictionary. Usually positive or negative. Ex) Would you rather be called fat or plump? Skinny or slender? |  | 78 |
| 12177179891 | Paradox | Occurs when the elements of a statement contradict each other. Although the statement may appear illogical or absurd, it turns out to have a coherent meaning that reveals a hidden truth. Ex) It was the best of times, it was the worst of times. Not a logical fallacy. |  | 79 |
| 12177179892 | Anaphora | The repetition of the same word or groups of words at the beginning of successive clauses. I have a dream that ....I have a dream that ....(Martin Luther King). |  | 80 |
| 12177179893 | Tone | Writer's or speaker's attitude toward a subject, character, or audience. Is it amused? Hostile? Angry? Sad? Reflective? |  | 81 |
| 12177179894 | Diction | The writer's or speaker's word choice intended to create a particular impact on the audience. |  | 82 |
| 12177179895 | Allusion | A reference to a mythological, literary, or historical person, place, or thing. If a writer makes reference to the bible, for example, this is _______________. |  | 83 |
| 12177179896 | Alliteration | The practice of beginning several consecutive or neighboring words with the same sound. ex) She sells sea shells ... | | 84 |
| 12177179897 | Imagery | The words or phrases appealing to the senses and creates a picture in your mind. The smell of fresh cut grass, the twittering of the birds .... | | 85 |
| 12177179898 | Figurative Language | Words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation. Metaphors, simile, personification. |  | 86 |
| 12177179899 | SOAPSTone | A strategy for basic rhetorical analysis. Think of this for your introduction (plus the thesis statement). | 87 | |
| 12177179900 | The first S in SOAPSTone | The speaker or source of the text. What do you know about the speaker? (Relates to ethos) | 88 | |
| 12177179901 | The O in SOAPSTone | The occasion or circumstance of the text. What has happened or is happening? Why has the writer written this NOW? This is the context of the piece. | 89 | |
| 12177179902 | The A in SOAPSTone | The intended audience or recipient of the text. Many texts will have multiple audiences. | 90 | |
| 12177179903 | The P in SOAPSTone | the speaker's purpose for the text; the desired outcome. Ex) Lou Gehrig wants to thank his fans and show them that is remains positive. | 91 | |
| 12177179904 | The second S in SOAPSTone | the subject of the text | 92 | |
| 12177179905 | Counterargument | Opposing argument to the one the writer is putting forward. Rather than ignoring the counterargument, the writer will acknowledge it and then crush it with the mighty weight of their pen (and brain). |  | 93 |
| 12177179906 | Colloquial Language | An informal type of diction that reflects casual, conversational language and often times slang. Examples: "What's up dude" and "y'all" opposed to "How's it going" and "you all" | | 94 |
| 12177179907 | Rhetorical Question | A question asked for rhetorical effect to emphasize a point; no answer is expected. Example: "How many roads must a man walk down before you call him a man?" or "Are you kidding me?" |  | 95 |
| 12177179908 | Verbal Irony | Someone's spoken meaning is different from the words being used. Closely associated with sarcasm. |  | 96 |
| 12177179909 | Understatement | Opposite of hyperbole. Makes a situation seem less than it is. You just found out spring break is going to be a month long -- are you happy? You say, "Yeah, sure." Actually, you are delighted! This can produce an ironic effect. |  | 97 |
| 12177179910 | Logical Fallacy -- Generalization | An argument based on unsound logic. Ex) Generalization: Stating that all members of a group are a particular way. This is what the Muslim travel ban is saying about people from these Muslim majority countries. If a generalization is to have validity, it must be supported with facts. How can you prove anything about 1.6 billion Muslims? |  | 98 |
| 12177179911 | Logical Fallacy -- Bandwagon | Everyone is doing it -- so you should do it too! Another argument based on unsound logic. Used in advertising a lot. |  | 99 |
| 12177179912 | Logical Fallacy -- Ad Hominem | Attack on character. Someone who cannot attack someone's ideas, so goes after them personally. Ex) Donald Trump (when he was a candidate) attacked female candidate's appearance stating, "Look at that face." He did not attack her policies. |  | 100 |
| 12177179913 | Inclusive and Exclusive Language | Using language to include or exclude people. "We're in this together" makes people feel like they are a team. "Those people are a threat" can exclude people and creates divisions beween people. | 101 | |
| 12177179914 | Anecdotal Evidence | Evidence that is a personal story. | 102 | |
| 12177179915 | Expert Testimony | An expert in a field who can support the argument with facts and data. | 103 | |
| 12177179916 | Research findings | Evidence derived from a study. | 104 | |
| 12177179917 | Emotive language | Language that is sensational -- designed to get an emotional response from the reader. | 105 |
