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AP Language - Rhetorical Strategies Flashcards

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4721966196analogya similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them explains something unfamiliar by associating it to something familiar0
4721967925metaphor / similefigure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other suggesting some similarity.1
4721970347hyperbolefigure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement2
4721970759understatementthe ironic minimizing of fact presents something as less significant than it is. effect can be humorous and emphatic. opposite of hyperbole.3
4721971690imagerythe sensory details of figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions. uses terms related to 5 senses.4
4721975209alliterationrepetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words5
4721975760allusiondirect or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known, such as an event, book myth, place or work of art. can be historical, literary, religious, topical, or mythical.6
4721977103anaphorarepetition device in which the same expression (word(s)) is repeated at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences7
4721979158repetitionthe duplication of any element of language such as a sound, word, phrase, clause, sentence, or grammatical pattern8
4721979667parallelismrefers to grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity9
4721980492tonedescribes author's attitude toward his material, audience, or both10
4721980925undertoneattitude that may lie under the ostensible tone of the piece11
4721981156connotationsthe nonliteral, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning may involve ideas, emotions, or attitudes12
4721982042apostrophea figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. it is an address to someone or something that cannot answer.13
4721983293dictionrelated to style; refers to the writer's word choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness.14
4721984030ironythe contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant. The difference between what appears to be and what actually is true.15
4721985003paradoxa statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity16
4721985642anecdotea short narrative dealing with particulars of an interesting episode or event; refers to an incident in the life of a person17
4721986851metonymy / synecdochea figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it / a substitution of a part for a whole18
4721988170satirea work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform and ridicule. can be recognized by many devices used effectively by satirist: irony, wit, parody, caricature, hyperbole, understatement, and sarcasm.19
4721989860sarcasminvolves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something20
4721990458invectivean emotionally violent, verbal denunciation or attack using strong, abusive language21
4721991091parodya work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect an/or ridicule. As comedy, parody distorts or exaggerates distinctive features of the original. As ridicule, it mimics the work by repeating and borrowing words, phrases, or characteristics in order to illuminate weaknesses in the original22
4721993639personificationa figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions.23
4721994543stylean evaluation of the sum of choices an author makes in blending diction, syntax, figurative language, and other literary devices24
4721995779symbol / symbolismanything that represents itself and stands for something else; usually a symbol is something concrete - such as an object, action, character, or scene - that represents something more abstract25
4721996703syntaxthe way an author chooses to join words into phrases and sentences26

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