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AP Language Sentence Mechanics Flashcards

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13828532198independent clauseexpresses a complete thought and can stand alone as a sentence0
13828580286dependent clauseA clause in a complex sentence that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and that functions within the sentence as a noun or adjective or adverb1
13828589860prepositional phraseA group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun. "after several minutes..."2
13828595453pronoun antecedentnoun to which a pronoun refers. Each pronoun must agree with its antecedent.3
13828614823subordinate clauseCreated by a subordinating conjunction, a clause that modifies an independent clause. "As she slept,"4
13828630004active voiceThe subject of the sentence performs the action: "The object did this"5
13828631986passive voicethe subject receive the action "the dog was hit by the lady"6
13828639303dangling modifiera word or phrase that modifies a word not clearly stated in the sentence "flashing lightning and thunder, the bunny struggled in the storm"7
13828648239conditional clauseused to show that the SECOND condition is CAUSED BY the FIRST condition happens "if it rains tomorrow,"8
13828654505relative clauseclause used to give additional information: "john, who got arrested for murder,..."9
13828663253misplaced modifierA modifier that is not placed near the word it modifies: "The man walked toward the car carrying the briefcase"10

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