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AP Language Set A Flashcards

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14691273433ALLITERATIONrepetition of the same sound within nearby words; most often, repeated initial consonants0
14691273434APOSTROPHEaddresses an abstraction, an inanimate object, or to the someone not present1
14691273435HYPERBOLEexaggeration for effect2
14691273436MEIOSISunderstatement for effect3
14691273437LITOTESmaking an affirmative point by denying its opposite4
14691273438PERSONIFICATIONgiving human characteristics to non-human things5
14691273439IRONY (verbal and situational)reversal of expectations or speaking in such a way as to imply the contrary of what one says6
14691273440SARCASMa mocking or derogatory statement, usually ironic, directed and intended to hurt another person7
14691273441SATIREliterary genre that uses irony, wit and sometimes sarcasm to expose humanity's vices and foibles, giving impetus to change or reform through ridicule8
14691273442SIMILEcomparing two distinct things by using connective words such as like or as9
14691273443METAPHORidentify one object or idea with another in one or more aspects via representation or substitution10
14691273444METONYMYsubstituting the word in mind with an object closely related to it (White House for President)11
14691273445SYNECDOCHEa part of something is used to represent the whole of something (all hands on deck)12
14691273446ANAPHORArepetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences13
14691273447ANTIMETABOLErepetition of words in successive clauses in reverse grammatical order (similar to chiasmus)14
14691273448ANTITHESISbalancing contrasting terms against each other for emphasis15
14691273449ZEUGMAone word is used to mean two different things simultaneously16
14691273450ANASTROPHEreversal of word order to make a point17
14691273451ANTECEDENTthe original noun, noun phrase or clause referred to later in the text by other means (pronouns, metaphors, etc.)18
14691273452APPOSITIVEa noun or noun phrase that further describes a nearby noun or pronoun19
14691273453PHRASEgroup of words without a verb (always dependent on other words to make a complete sentence)20
14691273454CLAUSEgroup of words with a verb (independent clauses are complete sentences; dependent clause require an independent clause to make a complete sentence)21
14691273455SIMPLE SENTENCEsentence containing one independent clause22
14691273456COMPOUND SENTENCEsentence containing multiple independent clauses23
14691273457COMPLEX SENTENCEsentence containing at least one independent and at least one dependent clause24
14691273458FRAGMENTincomplete sentence (can be effective depending on the purpose)25
14691273459SUBORDINATIONthe use of a conjunction to make the meaning of one clause dependent on another clause26
14691273460PASSIVE VOICEwhen the object of the verb is the subject of the sentence. (The homework is read by Sam.)27
14691273461ACTIVE VOICEwhen the subject is doing the action. (Sam reads the homework.)28
14691273462ANECDOTEa short account of a particular incident or event29
14691273463EUPHEMISMthe substitution of a mild, indirect, or vague expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh, or blunt30
14691273464JUXTAPOSITIONplacing two elements side by side to present a comparison or contrast31

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