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AP Language Summer Terms Flashcards

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7162961162allegorya story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one(symbol)0
7162962511alliterationthe occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words1
7162963756allusionan expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference2
7162965019anaphorathe use of a word referring to or replacing a word used earlier in a sentence, to avoid repetition, such as do in I like it and so do they3
7162975815antithesisa person or thing that is the direct opposite of someone or something else4
7162978069aphorisma pithy observation that contains a general truth, such as, "if it ain't broke, don't fix it."5
7162982111apostrophea punctuation mark ( ' ) used to indicate either possession (e.g., Harry's book ; boys' coats ) or the omission of letters or numbers (e.g., can't ; he's ; class of '99 )6
7162983221assonancein poetry, the repetition of the sound of a vowel or diphthong in nonrhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible (e.g., penitence, reticence ).7
7162987785asyndetonthe omission or absence of a conjunction between parts of a sentence8
7162988857attitudea settled way of thinking or feeling about someone or something, typically one that is reflected in a person's behavior9
7162990072begging the questionwhen someone attempts to prove a proposition based on a premise that itself requires proof10
7162997565canona general law, rule, principle, or criterion by which something is judged a collection or list of sacred books accepted as genuine11
7163001897chiasmusa rhetorical or literary figure in which words, grammatical constructions, or concepts are repeated in reverse order, in the same or a modified form12
7163003512claiman assertion of the truth of something, typically one that is disputed or in doubt13
7163005428colloquialused in ordinary or familiar conversation; not formal or literary14
7163006877compare and contrastanalyze the differences and/or the similarities of two distinct subjects15
7163014084conceita fanciful expression in writing or speech; an elaborate metaphor16
7163014831connotationan idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning17
7163016217consonancethe recurrence of similar sounds, especially consonants, in close proximity18
7163016959conventiona way in which something is usually done, especially within a particular area or activity19
7163024305critiquea detailed analysis and assessment of something, especially a literary, philosophical, or political theory20
7163030223deductive reasoninga logical process in which a conclusion is based on the concordance of multiple premises that are generally assumed to be true21
7163030936dialecta particular form of a language that is peculiar to a specific region or social group22
7163032643dictionthe choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing23
7163033622didacticintended to teach, particularly in having moral instruction as an ulterior motive24
7163036467elegya poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead25
7163038024epistrophethe repetition of a word at the end of successive clauses or sentences26
7163040377epitapha phrase or statement written in memory of a person who has died, especially as an inscription on a tombstone27
7163043229ethosthe characteristic spirit of a culture, era, or community as manifested in its beliefs and aspirations28
7163045186eulogya speech or piece of writing that praises someone or something highly, typically someone who has just died29
7163046653euphemisma mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing30
7163048731expositiona comprehensive description and explanation of an idea or theory31
7163051400extended metaphoran author exploits a single metaphor or analogy at length through multiple linked, tenors, and grounds throughout a poem or story32
7163052714figurative languagelanguage that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation33
7163057133flashbacka scene in a movie, novel, etc., set in a time earlier than the main story34
7163069577genrea category of artistic composition, as in music or literature, characterized by similarities in form, style, or subject matter35
7163078013homilya religious discourse that is intended primarily for spiritual edification rather than doctrinal instruction; a sermon36
7163078977hyperboleexaggeration37
7163080863imageryvisually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work38
7163082342inductive reasoninga logical process in which multiple premises, all believed true or found true most of the time, are combined to obtain a specific conclusion39
7163083694inferencea conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning40
7163085188ironythe expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect41
7163088139isocolona rhetorical device that involves a succession of sentences, phrases and clauses of grammatically equal length42
7163088871jargonspecial words or expressions that are used by a particular profession or group and are difficult for others to understand43
7163090742juxtapositionthe fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect44
7163095895litotean understatement by using double negatives or, in other words, positive statement is expressed by negating its opposite expressions45
7163098657loose sentencea type of sentence in which the main idea (independent clause) is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases46
7163101462metaphora figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable47
7163102448metonymythe substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant, for example suit for business executive, or the track for horse racing48
7163104345mode of discoursedescribe the variety, conventions, and purposes of the major kinds of language-based communication, particularly writing and speaking49
7163108751mooda temporary state of mind or feeling50
7163109692narrativea spoken or written account of connected events; a story51
7163115165onomatopoeiathe formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named52
7163117037oxymorona figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction53
7163117954paradoxa seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true54
7163128465parallel structurethe repetition of a chosen grammatical form within a sentence55
7163129291pathosan appeal to emotion56
7163135458periodic sentencethe main clause or predicate at the end57
7163137824personificationthe attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form58
7163139880point of viewthe narrator's position in relation to the story being told59
7163192645prosewritten or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical structure60
7163194084realismthe attitude or practice of accepting a situation as it is and being prepared to deal with it accordingly61
7163195664rebuttala refutation or contradiction62
7163196961rhetoricthe art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures of speech and other compositional techniques63
7163200213rhetorical questiona question asked in order to create a dramatic effect or to make a point rather than to get an answer64
7163201840sarcasmthe use of irony to mock or convey contempt65
7163203154satirethe use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize people's stupidity or vices, particularly in the context of contemporary politics and other topical issues66
7163205887similea figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid67
7163207961stylethe choice of words used by a specific group of people when they speak68
7163212971symbolisma mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, or relationship69
7163214686synecdochea figure of speech in which a term for a part of something refers to the whole of something or vice versa70
7163216155syntaxthe arrangement of words and phrases to create well-formed sentences in a language71
7163216666themethe subject of a talk, a piece of writing, a person's thoughts, or an exhibition; a topic72
7163217878tonethe general character or attitude of a place, piece of writing, situation, etc73
7163219212voicethe individual writing style of an author, a combination of idiotypical usage of syntax, diction, punctuation, character development, dialogue, etc., within a given body of text (or across several works)74
7163226561zeugmaa figure of speech in which a word applies to two others in different senses (e.g., John and his license expired last week ) or to two others of which it semantically suits only one (e.g., with weeping eyes and hearts )75

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